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sed命令基础用法

时间:2015-12-27 16:27:49      阅读:348      评论:0      收藏:0      [点我收藏+]

标签:sed

sed基础用法

工作原理:

sed每次处理一行,把读取的每一行读到模式空间(patternspace),再来判断此行是不是符合所给定的过虑条件,如果匹配,则执行相应的编辑操作(查找、删除、替换),再把编辑之后的内容输出到标准输出,如果不能被模式空间中的模式所匹配,则直接输出。不能被模式空间所匹配则默认是直接输出的。-n参数就是阻止这种行为的。编辑完了之后就放到了保持空间中。

常用选项:

sed [OPTION]...  ‘script‘ [input-file] ...

script:地址定界编辑命令

 

  • -n:不输出模式空间中的内容至屏幕;

  • -e:多点编辑;

  • -f  /filename   每行一个编辑命令;

  • -r:支持使用扩展正则表达式(默认只支持基本正则表达式);

  • -i:直接编辑原文件

 

 

模式匹配:

  • 空地址:对全文进行处理,什么也不加

  • 单地址:

  • n:指定是第n行;

  • /pattern/:被此模式所匹配到的每一行;

  • 地址范围

  • nm       #表示从第n行到第m

  • n+m      #表示从第n行到第n+m行,包含第n

  • n/pat1/         #从第n行匹配到模式1之间的行

  • /pat1//pat2/         #从模式1匹配到模式2之间的行

  • $:最后一行;

 

  • 步进:~

  • 1~2:所有奇数行

  • 2~2:所有偶数行

编辑命令:

  • d:删除;

  • p:显示模式空间中的内容;

  • a  \text:在行后面追加文本“text”,支持使用\n实现多行追加; 注意:在当前行的下一行插入

  • i  \text:在行前面插入文本“text”,支持使用\n实现多行插入; 注意:在当前行的上一行插入

  • c  \text:把匹配到的行替换为此处指定的文本“text”;注意:这是整行替换

  • w /filename:保存模式空间匹配到的行至指定的文件中;

  • r  /filename:读取指定文件的内容至当前文件被模式匹配到的行后面;文件合并;

  • y:转换命令,可以实现对单个字符进行转换

  • l(小写)列出行,允许打印数据流中的文本和不可打印的ASCII字符,比如\t来代表制表符

  • =:为模式匹配到的行打印行号,

  • !:条件取反;格式:地址定界!编辑命令; 注意:!一定要编辑命令的前面

  • s///:查找替换,其分隔符可自行指定,常用的有s@@@, s###等;

  • 替换标记:

i.             numbers:表明新文本将替换第几处模式匹配的地方

ii.             g:全局替换;

iii.             w /filename:将替换成功的结果保存至指定文件中;

iv.             p:显示替换成功的行;

 

 

d编辑命令的使用

实例:删除行和-n参数的使用

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed ‘/^UUID/d‘fstab  #把开头是UUID的行都删除

#

# /etc/fstab

# Created by anaconda on Sat Nov 14 23:49:36 2015

#

# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under ‘/dev/disk‘

# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) formore info

#

tmpfs                  /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

devpts                 /dev/pts               devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

proc                   /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed -n ‘/^UUID/d‘fstab  #这个地方加上-n之后什么也不输出

[root@Linux_11 ~]#

 

注意:

为什么加上-n参数之后什么也不输出了?因为默认是将当前行放到模式空间中,使用模式进行匹配,默认行为是如果当前行没有被模式空间所匹配,则输出当前行。-n参数也是阻止这种默认行为的。

 

实例:删除空行

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed /^$/d fstab

#

# /etc/fstab

# Created by anaconda on Sat Nov 14 23:49:36 2015

#

# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under‘/dev/disk‘

# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) formore info

#

UUID=e5485f66-1a07-4de3-aadf-fe3d65fc5242 /                       ext3    defaults        1 1

UUID=8456c142-425f-4ee7-b196-388c62a4fc4f /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2

UUID=0b3dbe42-03c3-408a-b634-1b6c60d2640d /home                   ext2    defaults        1 2

UUID=00d9e852-7ba0-4a6c-b2a8-34a73e2e4881 swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

tmpfs                  /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

devpts                 /dev/pts               devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

sysfs                  /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

 

 

p编辑命令的使用

实例:-p参数的特殊性

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed ‘1~2p‘ a.txt  # 奇数行显示了两遍

1      

1      

2       #

3       # /etc/fstab

3       # /etc/fstab

4       # Created by anacondaon Sat Nov 14 23:49:36 2015

5       #

5       #

6       # Accessiblefilesystems, by reference, are maintained under ‘/dev/disk‘

7       # See man pagesfstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info

7       # See man pagesfstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info

8       #

9       UUID=e5485f66-1a07-4de3-aadf-fe3d65fc5242/                       ext3    defaults        1 1

9       UUID=e5485f66-1a07-4de3-aadf-fe3d65fc5242/                       ext3    defaults        1 1

10     UUID=8456c142-425f-4ee7-b196-388c62a4fc4f/boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2

11     UUID=0b3dbe42-03c3-408a-b634-1b6c60d2640d/home                   ext2    defaults       1 2

11     UUID=0b3dbe42-03c3-408a-b634-1b6c60d2640d/home                   ext2    defaults        1 2

12     UUID=00d9e852-7ba0-4a6c-b2a8-34a73e2e4881swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

13     tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

注意:

为什么奇数行显示了两遍?因为当前行被模式空间的模式所匹配了,-p是打印被匹配的内容,需要输出,这是第一次输出奇数行,第二次输出是因为当前行如果没有被模式空间中的模式所匹配也会默认输出。因为-p不属于编辑命令。

 

 

实例:-p-n参数结合

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed  -n ‘1~2p‘ a.txt

1      

3       # /etc/fstab

5       #

7       # See man pagesfstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info

9       UUID=e5485f66-1a07-4de3-aadf-fe3d65fc5242/                       ext3    defaults        1 1

11     UUID=0b3dbe42-03c3-408a-b634-1b6c60d2640d/home                   ext2    defaults        1 2

13     tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

15     sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

 

a编辑命令的使用

实例:追加行

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed ‘3a new time‘a.txt

1      

2       #

3       # /etc/fstab

new time

4       # Created by anacondaon Sat Nov 14 23:49:36 2015

5       #

6       # Accessiblefilesystems, by reference, are maintained under ‘/dev/disk‘

7       # See man pagesfstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info

8       #

9       UUID=e5485f66-1a07-4de3-aadf-fe3d65fc5242/                       ext3    defaults        1 1

10     UUID=8456c142-425f-4ee7-b196-388c62a4fc4f/boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2

11     UUID=0b3dbe42-03c3-408a-b634-1b6c60d2640d/home                   ext2    defaults        1 2

12     UUID=00d9e852-7ba0-4a6c-b2a8-34a73e2e4881swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

13     tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

14     devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

15     sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

16     proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed ‘3a \new time‘a.txt

1      

2       #

3       # /etc/fstab

new time

4       # Created by anacondaon Sat Nov 14 23:49:36 2015

5       #

6       # Accessiblefilesystems, by reference, are maintained under ‘/dev/disk‘

7       # See man pagesfstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info

8       #

9       UUID=e5485f66-1a07-4de3-aadf-fe3d65fc5242/                       ext3    defaults        1 1

10     UUID=8456c142-425f-4ee7-b196-388c62a4fc4f/boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2

11     UUID=0b3dbe42-03c3-408a-b634-1b6c60d2640d/home                   ext2    defaults        1 2

12     UUID=00d9e852-7ba0-4a6c-b2a8-34a73e2e4881swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

13     tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

14     devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

15     sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

16     proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

 

 

实例:a编辑命令的使用之在某行后面加入多行

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed ‘3a \new time\nanother new line‘ a.txt  #another前面需要加\n

1      

2       #

3       # /etc/fstab

new time

another new line

4       # Created by anacondaon Sat Nov 14 23:49:36 2015

5       #

6       # Accessiblefilesystems, by reference, are maintained under ‘/dev/disk‘

7       # See man pages fstab(5),findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info

8       #

9       UUID=e5485f66-1a07-4de3-aadf-fe3d65fc5242/                       ext3    defaults        1 1

10     UUID=8456c142-425f-4ee7-b196-388c62a4fc4f/boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2

11     UUID=0b3dbe42-03c3-408a-b634-1b6c60d2640d/home                   ext2    defaults        1 2

12     UUID=00d9e852-7ba0-4a6c-b2a8-34a73e2e4881swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

13     tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

14     devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

15     sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

16     proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

 

i编辑命令的使用

实例:

[root@Linux_11 ~]# cat issue

REHL release 6.5 (Final)

Kernel \r on an \m

 

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed ‘2i system‘ issue

REHL release 6.5 (Final)

system

Kernel \r on an \m

#############################################################

提示:如果在i的前面不指定行的话,则在每一行都插入后面的内容

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed ‘i system‘ issue

system

REHL release 6.5 (Final)

system

Kernel \r on an \m

system

#############################################################

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed ‘$i system‘ issue

REHL release 6.5 (Final)

Kernel \r on an \m

system

提示:要在文件的最后一行插入内容,需要使用“$

#############################################################

在某一行的后面插入多行

[root@Linux_11 ~]# cat line

1

2

3

4

5

6

 

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed ‘3i\

mysql\

php\

linux‘ line  #提示:这个地方必须有一个空格

1

2

mysql

php

linux

3

4

5

6

 

 

c编辑命令的使用

实例:c编辑命令的使用之整行替换

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed ‘/^UUID/c  #new line‘  fstab

 

#

# /etc/fstab

# Created by anaconda on Sat Nov 14 23:49:36 2015

#

# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under‘/dev/disk‘

# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) formore info

#

#new line

#new line

#new line

#new line

tmpfs                  /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

devpts                 /dev/pts               devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

proc                   /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

 

w编辑命令的使用

实例:w编辑命令的使用

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed ‘/^[^#]/w/tmp/fstab‘ fstab

 

#

# /etc/fstab

# Created by anaconda on Sat Nov 14 23:49:36 2015

#

# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under‘/dev/disk‘

# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) formore info

#

UUID=e5485f66-1a07-4de3-aadf-fe3d65fc5242 /                       ext3    defaults        1 1

UUID=8456c142-425f-4ee7-b196-388c62a4fc4f /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2

UUID=0b3dbe42-03c3-408a-b634-1b6c60d2640d /home                   ext2    defaults        1 2

UUID=00d9e852-7ba0-4a6c-b2a8-34a73e2e4881 swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

tmpfs                  /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

sysfs                  /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

proc                   /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

 

[root@Linux_11 ~]# cat /tmp/fstab

UUID=e5485f66-1a07-4de3-aadf-fe3d65fc5242 /                       ext3    defaults        1 1

UUID=8456c142-425f-4ee7-b196-388c62a4fc4f /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2

UUID=0b3dbe42-03c3-408a-b634-1b6c60d2640d /home                   ext2    defaults       1 2

UUID=00d9e852-7ba0-4a6c-b2a8-34a73e2e4881 swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

tmpfs                  /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

devpts                 /dev/pts               devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

sysfs                  /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

proc                   /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

 

 

r编辑命令的使用

实例:将另一个文件插入到当前文件的某一行的下面

[root@Linux_11 ~]# cat /etc/issue

CentOS release 6.5 (Final)

Kernel \r on an \m

 

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed ‘3r /etc/issue‘fstab

 

#

# /etc/fstab

CentOS release 6.5 (Final)

Kernel \r on an \m

 

# Created by anaconda on Sat Nov 14 23:49:36 2015

#

# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under‘/dev/disk‘

# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) formore info

#

UUID=e5485f66-1a07-4de3-aadf-fe3d65fc5242 /                       ext3    defaults       1 1

UUID=8456c142-425f-4ee7-b196-388c62a4fc4f /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2

UUID=0b3dbe42-03c3-408a-b634-1b6c60d2640d /home                   ext2    defaults        1 2

UUID=00d9e852-7ba0-4a6c-b2a8-34a73e2e4881 swap                    swap   defaults        0 0

tmpfs                  /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

devpts                 /dev/pts               devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

sysfs                  /sys                    sysfs   defaults       0 0

proc                   /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

 

 

 

y编辑命令的使用

实例:

[root@Linux_11 ~]# cat file2

This is line number 1.

This is line number 2.

This is line number 3.

This is line number 4.

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed ‘y/12/ab/‘ file2

This is line number a.

This is line number b.

This is line number 3.

This is line number 4.

 

注意:

  1. 1.        替换字符的个数必须一一对应

  2. 2.        只能是单个字符之间的映射替换

 

########################################################

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed ‘1y/12/ab/‘ file2

This is line number a.

This is line number 2.

This is line number 3.

This is line number 4.

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed ‘2y/12/ab/‘ file2

This is line number 1.

This is line number b.

This is line number 3.

This is line number 4.

提示:可以加上行号指定要替换的行中的指定的某些字符

s编辑命令的使用

不使用任何替换标记

[root@Linux_11 ~]# cat passwd

root:x:0:0:超级管理员:/root:/bin/bash

bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin

daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin

adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin

lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin

sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync

shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown

halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt

mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin

uucp:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/sbin/nologin

operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin

games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin

gopher:x:13:30:gopher:/var/gopher:/sbin/nologin

 

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed ‘s/bin/abc/‘passwd

root:x:0:0:超级管理员:/root:/abc/bash

abc:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin

daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sabc:/sbin/nologin

adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sabc/nologin

lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sabc/nologin

sync:x:5:0:sync:/sabc:/bin/sync

shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sabc:/sbin/shutdown

halt:x:7:0:halt:/sabc:/sbin/halt

mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sabc/nologin

uucp:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/sabc/nologin

operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sabc/nologin

games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sabc/nologin

gopher:x:13:30:gopher:/var/gopher:/sabc/nologin

 

提示:不加任何替换标记只是替换被匹配到的行的第一个被匹配到的内容

 

g替换标记的使用

[root@Linux_11 ~]# cat file

the quick green fox jumps over the lazy cat.

the quick green fox jumps over the lazy cat.

the quick green fox jumps over the lazy cat.

the quick green fox jumps over the lazy cat.

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed ‘s/the/THE/g‘file

THE quick green fox jumps over THE lazy cat.

THE quick green fox jumps over THE lazy cat.

THE quick green fox jumps over THE lazy cat.

THE quick green fox jumps over THE lazy cat.

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed ‘s/the/THE/‘ file

THE quick green fox jumps over the lazy cat.

THE quick green fox jumps over the lazy cat.

THE quick green fox jumps over the lazy cat.

THE quick green fox jumps over the lazy cat.

 

 

 

 

 

 

numbers替换标记的使用

p替换标记的使用

实例:

[root@Linux_11 ~]# cat file

the quick green the fox jumps over the lazy cat.

the quick green the fox jumps over the lazy cat.

the quick green the fox jumps over the lazy cat.

the quick green the fox jumps over the lazy cat.

 

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed  ‘s/the/THE/‘ file

THE quick green the fox jumps over the lazy cat.

THE quick green the fox jumps over the lazy cat.

THE quick green the fox jumps over the lazy cat.

THE quick green the fox jumps over the lazy cat.

 

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed  ‘s/the/THE/p‘ file

THE quick green the fox jumps over the lazy cat.

THE quick green the fox jumps over the lazy cat.

THE quick green the fox jumps over the lazy cat.

THE quick green the fox jumps over the lazy cat.

THE quick green the fox jumps over the lazy cat.

THE quick green the fox jumps over the lazy cat.

THE quick green the fox jumps over the lazy cat.

THE quick green the fox jumps over the lazy cat.

 

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed -n ‘s/the/THE/p‘file

THE quick green the fox jumps over the lazy cat.

THE quick green the fox jumps over the lazy cat.

THE quick green the fox jumps over the lazy cat.

THE quick green the fox jumps over the lazy cat.

 

实例:

[root@Linux_11 ~]# cat passwd

root:x:0:0:超级管理员:/root:/bin/bash

bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin

daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin

adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin

lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin

sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync

shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown

halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt

mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin

uucp:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/sbin/nologin

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed ‘3s/sbin/SBIN/‘passwd

root:x:0:0:超级管理员:/root:/bin/bash

bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin

daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/SBIN:/sbin/nologin

adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin

lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin

sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync

shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown

halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt

mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin

uucp:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/sbin/nologin

 

提示:此时不使用g替换标记只替换第3行的第一个sbin

此时若加上g替换标记则:

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed ‘3s/sbin/SBIN/g‘passwd

root:x:0:0:超级管理员:/root:/bin/bash

bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin

daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/SBIN:/SBIN/nologin

adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin

lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin

sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync

shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown

halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt

mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin

uucp:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/sbin/nologin

w的使用

[root@Linux_11 ~]# cat issue

REHL release 6.5 (Final)

Kernel \r on an \m

 

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed‘s/Kernel/CentOS/w new_issue‘ issue

REHL release 6.5 (Final)

CentOS \r on an \m

 

[root@Linux_11 ~]# cat new_issue

CentOS \r on an \m

 

实例:在每一行都插入某一文件

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed ‘/^UUID/r /etc/issue‘fstab

 

#

# /etc/fstab

# Created by anaconda on Sat Nov 14 23:49:36 2015

#

# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under‘/dev/disk‘

# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) formore info

#

UUID=e5485f66-1a07-4de3-aadf-fe3d65fc5242 /                       ext3    defaults        1 1

CentOS release 6.5 (Final)

Kernel \r on an \m

 

UUID=8456c142-425f-4ee7-b196-388c62a4fc4f /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2

CentOS release 6.5 (Final)

Kernel \r on an \m

 

UUID=0b3dbe42-03c3-408a-b634-1b6c60d2640d /home                   ext2    defaults        1 2

CentOS release 6.5 (Final)

Kernel \r on an \m

 

UUID=00d9e852-7ba0-4a6c-b2a8-34a73e2e4881 swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

CentOS release 6.5 (Final)

Kernel \r on an \m

 

tmpfs                  /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

devpts                 /dev/pts               devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

sysfs                  /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

proc                   /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

 

=”的使用

等号命令会打印行在数据流中的当前行号。行号由数据流中的换行符决定。

实例

[root@Linux_11 ~]# cat fstab

 

#

# /etc/fstab

# Created by anaconda on Sat Nov 14 23:49:36 2015

#

# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under‘/dev/disk‘

# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) formore info

#

UUID=e5485f66-1a07-4de3-aadf-fe3d65fc5242 /                       ext3    defaults        1 1

UUID=8456c142-425f-4ee7-b196-388c62a4fc4f /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2

UUID=0b3dbe42-03c3-408a-b634-1b6c60d2640d /home                   ext2    defaults        1 2

UUID=00d9e852-7ba0-4a6c-b2a8-34a73e2e4881 swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

tmpfs                  /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

devpts                 /dev/pts               devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

sysfs                  /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

 

/dev/cdrom /mnt iso9660 defaults 0 0

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed = fstab

1

 

2

#

3

# /etc/fstab

4

# Created by anaconda on Sat Nov 14 23:49:36 2015

5

#

6

# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under‘/dev/disk‘

7

# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) formore info

8

#

9

UUID=e5485f66-1a07-4de3-aadf-fe3d65fc5242 /                       ext3    defaults        1 1

10

UUID=8456c142-425f-4ee7-b196-388c62a4fc4f /boot                   ext4   defaults        1 2

11

UUID=0b3dbe42-03c3-408a-b634-1b6c60d2640d /home                   ext2    defaults        1 2

12

UUID=00d9e852-7ba0-4a6c-b2a8-34a73e2e4881 swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

13

tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

14

devpts                 /dev/pts               devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

15

sysfs                  /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

16

proc                   /proc                   proc   defaults        0 0

17

 

18

 

 

l(小写L)的使用

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed -n ‘l ‘ fstab

$

#$

# /etc/fstab$

# Created by anaconda on Sat Nov 14 23:49:36 2015$

#$

# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under‘/dev/di\

sk‘$

# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) formor\

e info$

#$

UUID=e5485f66-1a07-4de3-aadf-fe3d65fc5242 /                       ext\

3    defaults        1 1$

UUID=8456c142-425f-4ee7-b196-388c62a4fc4f /boot                   ext\

4    defaults        1 2$

UUID=0b3dbe42-03c3-408a-b634-1b6c60d2640d /home                   ext\

2    defaults        1 2$

UUID=00d9e852-7ba0-4a6c-b2a8-34a73e2e4881 swap                    swa\

p    defaults        0 0$

tmpfs                  /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults    \

   0 0$

devpts                 /dev/pts               devpts  gid=5,mode=62\

0  0 0$

sysfs                  /sys                    sysfs   defaults    \

   0 0$

proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults    \

   0 0$

$

/dev/cdrom /mnt iso9660 defaults 0 0 $

-e参数的使用

实例:

[root@Linux_11 ~]# cat fstab

 

#

# /etc/fstab

# Created by anaconda on Sat Nov 14 23:49:36 2015

#

# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under‘/dev/disk‘

# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) formore info

#

UUID=e5485f66-1a07-4de3-aadf-fe3d65fc5242 /                       ext3    defaults        1 1

UUID=8456c142-425f-4ee7-b196-388c62a4fc4f /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2

UUID=0b3dbe42-03c3-408a-b634-1b6c60d2640d /home                   ext2   defaults        1 2

UUID=00d9e852-7ba0-4a6c-b2a8-34a73e2e4881 swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

tmpfs                  /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

devpts                 /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

sysfs                  /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

proc                   /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

 

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed -e‘s/^#[[:space:]]*//‘ -e ‘/^UUID/d‘ fstab

 

 

/etc/fstab

Created by anaconda on Sat Nov 14 23:49:36 2015

 

Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under‘/dev/disk‘

See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for moreinfo

 

tmpfs                  /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

devpts                 /dev/pts               devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

sysfs                  /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

proc                   /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

 

 

实例:

[root@Linux_11 ~]# cat fstab

 

#

# /etc/fstab

# Created by anaconda on Sat Nov 14 23:49:36 2015

#

# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under‘/dev/disk‘

# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) formore info

#

UUID=e5485f66-1a07-4de3-aadf-fe3d65fc5242 /                       ext3    defaults        1 1

UUID=8456c142-425f-4ee7-b196-388c62a4fc4f /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2

UUID=0b3dbe42-03c3-408a-b634-1b6c60d2640d /home                   ext2    defaults        1 2

UUID=00d9e852-7ba0-4a6c-b2a8-34a73e2e4881 swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

tmpfs                  /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

devpts                 /dev/pts               devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

sysfs                  /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

proc                   /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

 

/dev/cdrom /mnt iso9660 defaults 0 0

[root@Linux_11 ~]#  sed -e ‘/^#/d; /^UUID/d‘  fstab

 

tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

devpts                 /dev/pts               devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

sysfs                  /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

proc                   /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

 

/dev/cdrom /mnt iso9660 defaults 0 0

 

提示:可以使用一个“-e”参数,然后使用引号将多个命令括起来,一定要使用分号“;”进行分隔。

 

 

 

实例:

[root@Linux_11 ~]# cat file

The quick green fox jumps over the lazy cat.

The quick green fox jumps over the lazy cat.

The quick green fox jumps over the lazy cat.

The quick green fox jumps over the lazy cat.

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed -e ‘

> s/green/red/

> s/cat/tac/

> s/The/That/‘ file

That quick red fox jumps over the lazy tac.

That quick red fox jumps over the lazy tac.

That quick red fox jumps over the lazy tac.

That quick red fox jumps over the lazy tac.

 

提示:注意写的格式,file不能另写一行。

 

-i参数的使用

实例:使用-i修改原文件

[root@Linux_11 ~]# cat issue

CentOS release 6.5(Final)

Kernel \r on an \m

 

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed -i‘s/CentOS/REHL/‘ issue

[root@Linux_11 ~]# cat issue

REHL release 6.5(Final)

Kernel \r on an \m

 

-f参数的使用

实例:

[root@Linux_11 ~]# cat scr

s/^UUID[[:space:]]*/This/

/^#/d

 

[root@Linux_11 ~]# cat fstab

 

#

# /etc/fstab

# Created by anaconda on Sat Nov 14 23:49:36 2015

#

# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under‘/dev/disk‘

# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) formore info

#

UUID=e5485f66-1a07-4de3-aadf-fe3d65fc5242 /                       ext3    defaults        1 1

UUID=8456c142-425f-4ee7-b196-388c62a4fc4f /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2

UUID=0b3dbe42-03c3-408a-b634-1b6c60d2640d /home                   ext2    defaults        1 2

UUID=00d9e852-7ba0-4a6c-b2a8-34a73e2e4881 swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

tmpfs                  /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

devpts                 /dev/pts               devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

sysfs                  /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

proc                   /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

 

/dev/cdrom /mnt iso9660 defaults 0 0

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed -f scr fstab

 

This=e5485f66-1a07-4de3-aadf-fe3d65fc5242 /                       ext3    defaults        1 1

This=8456c142-425f-4ee7-b196-388c62a4fc4f /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2

This=0b3dbe42-03c3-408a-b634-1b6c60d2640d /home                   ext2    defaults        1 2

This=00d9e852-7ba0-4a6c-b2a8-34a73e2e4881 swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

tmpfs                  /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

sysfs                  /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

proc                   /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

 

/dev/cdrom /mnt iso9660 defaults 0 0

 

 

 

实例:

[root@Linux_11 ~]# cat scr

s/^UUID[[:space:]]*/This/; /^#/d

 

提示:此种写法必须使用分号隔开。

[root@Linux_11 ~]# cat fstab

 

#

# /etc/fstab

# Created by anaconda on Sat Nov 14 23:49:36 2015

#

# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under‘/dev/disk‘

# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) formore info

#

UUID=e5485f66-1a07-4de3-aadf-fe3d65fc5242 /                       ext3    defaults        1 1

UUID=8456c142-425f-4ee7-b196-388c62a4fc4f /boot                   ext4    defaults       1 2

UUID=0b3dbe42-03c3-408a-b634-1b6c60d2640d /home                   ext2    defaults        1 2

UUID=00d9e852-7ba0-4a6c-b2a8-34a73e2e4881 swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

tmpfs                  /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

devpts                 /dev/pts               devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

sysfs                  /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

 

/dev/cdrom /mnt iso9660 defaults 0 0

[root@Linux_11 ~]# sed -f scr fstab

 

This=e5485f66-1a07-4de3-aadf-fe3d65fc5242 /                       ext3    defaults        1 1

This=8456c142-425f-4ee7-b196-388c62a4fc4f /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2

This=0b3dbe42-03c3-408a-b634-1b6c60d2640d /home                   ext2    defaults        1 2

This=00d9e852-7ba0-4a6c-b2a8-34a73e2e4881 swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

devpts                 /dev/pts               devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

sysfs                  /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

proc                   /proc                   proc   defaults        0 0

 

/dev/cdrom /mnt iso9660 defaults 0 0

 

实例:取反命令“!”

[root@Linux_11 ~]#sed ‘/^#/!d‘ fstab #注意!需要在d命令的前面

#

# /etc/fstab

# Created by anaconda on Sat Nov 14 23:49:36 2015

#

# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under‘/dev/disk‘

# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) formore info

#


本文出自 “静心&清心” 博客,谢绝转载!

sed命令基础用法

标签:sed

原文地址:http://jxqx1991.blog.51cto.com/10927800/1728717

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