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简单工厂模式

时间:2016-01-18 18:52:04      阅读:170      评论:0      收藏:0      [点我收藏+]

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一、什么是简单工厂模式

一个工厂方法,依据传入的参数,生成对应的具体产品类;

二、补充说明

不属于23种GOF设计模式;

工厂方法一般设成静态方法,返回值一般是抽象类或接口,具体的产品类一般继承或实现抽象类、接口;

优点:产品使用者不需要关心产品类的创建过程,与具体产品的实现类达到解耦的效果;

缺点:违背"开放--封闭"原则(OCP),因为新增一个产品类的时候,需要修改原先的工厂方法;

适用场合:当工厂类负责创建的对象比较少的时候;

三、例子

【抽象产品类】首先,定义一个抽象父亲类,拥有一个name属性和打印name的方法,其次还有若干doSomething方法:

package com.pichen.dp.creationalpattern.simplefactory;

public abstract class Father {
    private String name;

    /**
     * @return the name
     */
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    /**
     * @param name the name to set
     */
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    
    public abstract void printName();
    
    public abstract void doSomething01();
    public abstract void doSomething02();
    public abstract void doSomething03();
}

【具体产品类】定义具体的中国父亲类和美国父亲类,继承抽象父亲类,并实现printName等方法:

package com.pichen.dp.creationalpattern.simplefactory;

public class ChineseFather extends Father{
    public ChineseFather(String name) {
        this.setName(name);
    }
    
    
    
    @Override
    public void printName() {
        System.out.println(this.getClass().getName() + ":" + this.getName());
    }
    @Override
    public void doSomething01() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        
    }
    @Override
    public void doSomething02() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        
    }
    @Override
    public void doSomething03() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        
    }

}
package com.pichen.dp.creationalpattern.simplefactory;

public class AmericanFather extends Father{
    public AmericanFather(String name) {
        this.setName(name);
    }
    
    
    
    @Override
    public void printName() {
        System.out.println(this.getClass().getName() + ":" + this.getName());
    }
    @Override
    public void doSomething01() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        
    }
    @Override
    public void doSomething02() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        
    }
    @Override
    public void doSomething03() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        
    }

}

【简单工厂类】定义一个简单共产类,并定义一个静态生产方法,根据传进来的type参数生成对应的具体父亲类:

package com.pichen.dp.creationalpattern.simplefactory;

import com.pichen.dp.common.exception.DPException;

public class SimpleFactory {
    public static Father produce(String type, String name) throws DPException{
        if("cn".equals(type)){
            return new ChineseFather(name);
        }else if("us".equals(type)){
            return new AmericanFather(name);
        }else{
            throw new DPException("invalid param~");
        }
    }
}

【产品实用类】写个main函数,开始测试使用产品,具体看代码:

package com.pichen.dp.creationalpattern.simplefactory;

import com.pichen.dp.common.exception.DPException;

public class Main {
    public static Father makeMoney(String type, String name) {
        Father father = null;
        /* 调用共产方法,创建具体产品类 */
        try {
            father = SimpleFactory.produce(type, name);
        } catch (DPException e) {
            System.out.println("exception happend when produce " + type + " obj~");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        
        /* 具体赚钱的步骤 */
        if(father != null){
            father.doSomething01();
            father.doSomething02();
            father.doSomething03();
        }
        
        return father;
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Father cnFather = Main.makeMoney("cn", "cn father");
        
        if (cnFather != null)
            cnFather.printName();
        
        Father usFather = Main.makeMoney("us", "us father ");
        if (usFather != null)
            usFather.printName();
        
        Father apple = Main.makeMoney("fruit","apple");
        if (apple != null)
            apple.printName();
    }
}

【其它】异常类DPException:

package com.pichen.dp.common.exception;

public class DPException extends Exception{
    /**
     * 
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 8110345414312602844L;

    public DPException(String msg){
        super(msg);
        System.out.println("DPException~");
    }
}

 

简单工厂模式

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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/chenpi/p/5139050.html

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