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接着上篇 git的使用(一) http://www.cnblogs.com/horizonli/p/5323363.html
6.工作区和暂存区（中转站）
工作区（Working Directory）
就是你在电脑里能看到的目录：
版本库（Repository）
工作区有一个隐藏目录.git，是Git的版本库。
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Git的版本库里存了很多东西，其中最重要的就是称为stage（或者叫index）的暂存区（中转站），
还有Git为我们自动创建的第一个分支master，以及指向master的一个指针叫HEAD
[实践出真知]
readme.txt增加一句：Git has a mutable index called stage. 并增加一个文本文件LICENSE
$ cat readme.txt Git is a distributed version control system. Git is free software distributed under the GPL. Git has a mutable index called stage.
$ echo "this is a text" >> LICENSE
$ cat LICENSE
this is a text
结果应该是在工作区 更改了readme.txt，并增加了一个文本文件LICENSE
$ git status #查看工作区所有文件的状态 On branch master Changes not staged for commit: (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed) (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory) modified: readme.txt #表示此文件被修改，未被提交到中转站（暂存区） Untracked files: #Untracked表示此文件放置在工作区未提交 (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed) LICENSE no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
两次add，将readme.txt和LICENSE加入到暂存区
$ git add readme.txt $ git add LICENSE warning: LF will be replaced by CRLF in LICENSE. The file will have its original line endings in your working directory. $ git status On branch master Changes to be committed: (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage) new file: LICENSE modified: readme.txt
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从中转站（暂存区）提交代码到.git 仓库
$ git commit -m "understand how stage/index works" #从中转站（暂存区）提交代码到.git 仓库 [master 3c8d3b2] understand how stage/index works warning: LF will be replaced by CRLF in LICENSE. The file will have its original line endings in your working directory. 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+) create mode 100644 LICENSE $ git status #验证是否都提交，工作区是否clean On branch master nothing to commit, working directory clean
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原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/horizonli/p/5324513.html
