标签:style color 使用 io cti 代码 div ar
增量式PID的公式,这个关系到MCU算法公式的书写,实际上两个公式的写法是同一个公式变换来得,不同的是系数的差异。高级定时器tim1的初始化略不同,它的中断”名称“和通用定时器不同,见代码:
/*功能名称IM3_PWM_Init(u16 arr,u16 psc)
描述 TIM3产生四路PWM
*/
void TIM3_PWM_Init(u16 arr,u16 psc)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseStructure;
TIM_OCInitTypeDef TIM_OCInitStructure;
RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM3, ENABLE);
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC | RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO, ENABLE); //使能GPIO外设和AFIO复用功能模块时钟使能
GPIO_PinRemapConfig(GPIO_FullRemap_TIM3, ENABLE); //Timer3全映射 GPIOC-> 6,7,8,9 //用于TIM3的CH2输出的PWM通过该LED显示
//设置该引脚为复用输出功能,输出TIM3 CH1 CH2 CH3 CH4 的PWM脉冲波形
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin =GPIO_Pin_6 | GPIO_Pin_7 | GPIO_Pin_8 | GPIO_Pin_9; //初始化GPIO
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP; //复用推挽输出
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStructure);
GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOC,GPIO_Pin_6 | GPIO_Pin_7 | GPIO_Pin_8 | GPIO_Pin_9);//默认电机使能端状态:不使能
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = arr; //设置在下一个更新事件装入活动的自动重装载寄存器周期的值
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler =psc; //设置用来作为TIMx时钟频率除数的预分频值 这里是72分频,那么时钟频率就是1M
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = 0; //设置时钟分割:TDTS = Tck_tim
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up; //TIM向上计数模式
TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM3, &TIM_TimeBaseStructure); //根据TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct中指定的参数初始化TIMx的时间基数单位
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCMode = TIM_OCMode_PWM1; //选择定时器模式:TIM脉冲宽度调制模式1
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OutputState = TIM_OutputState_Enable; //比较输出使能
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse = 0; //设置待装入捕获比较寄存器的脉冲值
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCPolarity = TIM_OCPolarity_High; //输出极性:TIM输出比较极性高
TIM_OC1Init(TIM3, &TIM_OCInitStructure); //根据TIM_OCInitStruct中指定的参数初始化外设TIMx
TIM_OC1PreloadConfig(TIM3, TIM_OCPreload_Enable); //使能TIMx在CCR1上的预装载寄存器
TIM_OC2Init(TIM3, &TIM_OCInitStructure); //根据TIM_OCInitStruct中指定的参数初始化外设TIMx
TIM_OC2PreloadConfig(TIM3, TIM_OCPreload_Enable); //使能TIMx在CCR2上的预装载寄存器
TIM_OC3Init(TIM3, &TIM_OCInitStructure); //根据TIM_OCInitStruct中指定的参数初始化外设TIMx
TIM_OC3PreloadConfig(TIM3, TIM_OCPreload_Enable); //使能TIMx在CCR3上的预装载寄存器
TIM_OC4Init(TIM3, &TIM_OCInitStructure); //根据TIM_OCInitStruct中指定的参数初始化外设TIMx
TIM_OC4PreloadConfig(TIM3, TIM_OCPreload_Enable); //使能TIMx在CCR4上的预装载寄存器
TIM_ARRPreloadConfig(TIM3, ENABLE); //使能TIMx在ARR上的预装载寄存器
TIM_Cmd(TIM3, ENABLE); //使能TIMx外设
}
/*功能名称TIM4_PWMINPUT_INIT(u16 arr,u16 psc)
描述 PWM输入初始化*/
void TIM4_PWMINPUT_INIT(u16 arr,u16 psc)
{
TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseStructure; //TIM的初始化结构体
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure; //中断配置
TIM_ICInitTypeDef TIM4_ICInitStructure; //TIM4 PWM配置结构体
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure; //IO口配置结构体
RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM4, ENABLE); //Open TIM4 clock
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE); //open gpioB clock
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_7; //GPIO 7
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU; //上拉输入
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = arr; //设置在下一个更新事件装入活动的自动重装载寄存器周期的值
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler =psc; //设置用来作为TIMx时钟频率除数的预分频值
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = 0; //设置时钟分割:TDTS = Tck_tim
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up; //TIM向上计数模式
TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM4, &TIM_TimeBaseStructure); //根据TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct中指定的参数初始化TIMx的时间基数单位
/*配置中断优先级*/
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = TIM4_IRQn;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
TIM4_ICInitStructure.TIM_Channel = TIM_Channel_2;
TIM4_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICPolarity = TIM_ICPolarity_Rising;
TIM4_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICSelection = TIM_ICSelection_DirectTI;
TIM4_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICPrescaler = TIM_ICPSC_DIV1;
TIM4_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICFilter = 0x3; //Filter:过滤
TIM_PWMIConfig(TIM4, &TIM4_ICInitStructure); //PWM输入配置
TIM_SelectInputTrigger(TIM4, TIM_TS_TI2FP2); //选择有效输入端
TIM_SelectSlaveMode(TIM4, TIM_SlaveMode_Reset); //配置为主从复位模式
TIM_SelectMasterSlaveMode(TIM4, TIM_MasterSlaveMode_Enable);//启动定时器的被动触发
TIM_ITConfig(TIM4, TIM_IT_CC2|TIM_IT_Update, ENABLE); //中断配置
TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM4, TIM_IT_CC2|TIM_IT_Update); //清除中断标志位
TIM_Cmd(TIM4, ENABLE);
}
void TIM4_IRQHandler(void)
{
if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM4, TIM_IT_CC2) != RESET)//捕获1发生捕获事件
{
duty_TIM4 = TIM_GetCapture1(TIM4); //采集占空比
if (TIM_GetCapture2(TIM4)>600) period_TIM4 = TIM_GetCapture2(TIM4);//简单的处理
CollectFlag_TIM4 = 0;
}
TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM4, TIM_IT_CC2|TIM_IT_Update); //清除中断标志位
}
/*功能名称TIM1_PWMINPUT_INIT(u16 arr,u16 psc)
描述 PWM输入初始化*/
void TIM1_PWMINPUT_INIT(u16 arr,u16 psc)
{
TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseStructure; //TIM的初始化结构体
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure; //中断配置
TIM_ICInitTypeDef TIM1_ICInitStructure; //PWM配置结构体
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure; //IO口配置结构体
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_TIM1, ENABLE); //Open TIM1 clock
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOE, ENABLE); //open gpioE clock
GPIO_PinRemapConfig(GPIO_FullRemap_TIM1, ENABLE); //Timer1完全重映射 TIM1_CH2->PE11
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_11; //GPIO 11
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU; //上拉输入
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOE, &GPIO_InitStructure);
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = arr; //设置在下一个更新事件装入活动的自动重装载寄存器周期的值
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler =psc; //设置用来作为TIMx时钟频率除数的预分频值
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = 0; //设置时钟分割:TDTS = Tck_tim
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up; //TIM向上计数模式
TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM1, &TIM_TimeBaseStructure); //根据TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct中指定的参数初始化TIMx的时间基数单位
/*配置中断优先级*/
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = TIM1_CC_IRQn; //TIM1捕获中断
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
TIM1_ICInitStructure.TIM_Channel = TIM_Channel_2;
TIM1_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICPolarity = TIM_ICPolarity_Rising;
TIM1_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICSelection = TIM_ICSelection_DirectTI;
TIM1_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICPrescaler = TIM_ICPSC_DIV1;
TIM1_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICFilter = 0x03; //Filter:过滤
TIM_PWMIConfig(TIM1, &TIM1_ICInitStructure); //PWM输入配置
TIM_SelectInputTrigger(TIM1, TIM_TS_TI2FP2); //选择有效输入端
TIM_SelectSlaveMode(TIM1, TIM_SlaveMode_Reset); //配置为主从复位模式
TIM_SelectMasterSlaveMode(TIM1, TIM_MasterSlaveMode_Enable);//启动定时器的被动触发
// TIM_ITConfig(TIM1, TIM_IT_CC2|TIM_IT_Update, ENABLE); //中断配置
TIM_ITConfig(TIM1, TIM_IT_CC2, ENABLE); //通道2 捕获中断打开
//TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM1, TIM_IT_CC2|TIM_IT_Update); //清除中断标志位
TIM_Cmd(TIM1, ENABLE);
}
void TIM1_CC_IRQHandler(void)
{
{
if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM1, TIM_IT_CC2) != RESET)//捕获1发生捕获事件
{
duty_TIM1 = TIM_GetCapture1(TIM1); //采集占空比
if (TIM_GetCapture2(TIM1)>600) period_TIM1 = TIM_GetCapture2(TIM1);
CollectFlag_TIM1 = 0;
}
}
TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM1, TIM_IT_CC2|TIM_IT_Update); //清除中断标志位
}
/*功能名称TIM2_PWMINPUT_INIT(u16 arr,u16 psc)
描述 PWM输入初始化*/
void TIM2_PWMINPUT_INIT(u16 arr,u16 psc)
{
TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseStructure; //TIM的初始化结构体
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure; //中断配置
TIM_ICInitTypeDef TIM2_ICInitStructure; //TIM2 PWM配置结构体
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure; //IO口配置结构体
RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM2, ENABLE); //Open TIM2 clock
// RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE); //open gpioB clock
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB | RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO, ENABLE); //使能GPIO外设和AFIO复用功能模块时钟
GPIO_PinRemapConfig(GPIO_Remap_SWJ_JTAGDisable,ENABLE); //关闭JTAG
GPIO_PinRemapConfig(GPIO_FullRemap_TIM2, ENABLE); //Timer2完全重映射 TIM2_CH2->PB3
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_3; //GPIO 3
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU; //浮空输入 上拉输入
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = arr; //设置在下一个更新事件装入活动的自动重装载寄存器周期的值
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler =psc; //设置用来作为TIMx时钟频率除数的预分频值
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = 0; //设置时钟分割:TDTS = Tck_tim
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up; //TIM向上计数模式
TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM2, &TIM_TimeBaseStructure); //根据TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct中指定的参数初始化TIMx的时间基数单位
/*配置中断优先级*/
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = TIM2_IRQn;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
TIM2_ICInitStructure.TIM_Channel = TIM_Channel_2;
TIM2_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICPolarity = TIM_ICPolarity_Rising;
TIM2_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICSelection = TIM_ICSelection_DirectTI;
TIM2_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICPrescaler = TIM_ICPSC_DIV1;
TIM2_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICFilter = 0x3; //Filter:过滤
TIM_PWMIConfig(TIM2, &TIM2_ICInitStructure); //PWM输入配置
TIM_SelectInputTrigger(TIM2, TIM_TS_TI2FP2); //选择有效输入端
TIM_SelectSlaveMode(TIM2, TIM_SlaveMode_Reset); //配置为主从复位模式
TIM_SelectMasterSlaveMode(TIM2, TIM_MasterSlaveMode_Enable);//启动定时器的被动触发
TIM_ITConfig(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC2|TIM_IT_Update, ENABLE); //中断配置
TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC2|TIM_IT_Update); //清除中断标志位
TIM_Cmd(TIM2, ENABLE);
}
void TIM2_IRQHandler(void)
{
{
if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC2) != RESET)//捕获1发生捕获事件
{
duty_TIM2 = TIM_GetCapture1(TIM2); //采集占空比
if (TIM_GetCapture2(TIM2)>600) period_TIM2 = TIM_GetCapture2(TIM2);
CollectFlag_TIM2 = 0;
}
}
TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC2|TIM_IT_Update); //清除中断标志位
}
/*功能名称TIM5_PWMINPUT_INIT(u16 arr,u16 psc)
描述 PWM输入初始化*/
void TIM5_PWMINPUT_INIT(u16 arr,u16 psc)
{
TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseStructure; //TIM的初始化结构体
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure; //中断配置
TIM_ICInitTypeDef TIM5_ICInitStructure; //TIM4 PWM配置结构体
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure; //IO口配置结构体
RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM5, ENABLE); //Open TIM4 clock
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE); //open gpioB clock
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_1; //GPIO 1
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU; //浮空输入 上拉输入
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = arr; //设置在下一个更新事件装入活动的自动重装载寄存器周期的值
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler =psc; //设置用来作为TIMx时钟频率除数的预分频值
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = 0; //设置时钟分割:TDTS = Tck_tim
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up; //TIM向上计数模式
TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM5, &TIM_TimeBaseStructure); //根据TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct中指定的参数初始化TIMx的时间基数单位
/*配置中断优先级*/
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = TIM5_IRQn;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
TIM5_ICInitStructure.TIM_Channel = TIM_Channel_2;
TIM5_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICPolarity = TIM_ICPolarity_Rising;
TIM5_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICSelection = TIM_ICSelection_DirectTI;
TIM5_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICPrescaler = TIM_ICPSC_DIV1;
TIM5_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICFilter = 0x3; //Filter:过滤
TIM_PWMIConfig(TIM5, &TIM5_ICInitStructure); //PWM输入配置
TIM_SelectInputTrigger(TIM5, TIM_TS_TI2FP2); //选择有效输入端
TIM_SelectSlaveMode(TIM5, TIM_SlaveMode_Reset); //配置为主从复位模式
TIM_SelectMasterSlaveMode(TIM5, TIM_MasterSlaveMode_Enable);//启动定时器的被动触发
TIM_ITConfig(TIM5, TIM_IT_CC2|TIM_IT_Update, ENABLE); //中断配置
TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM5, TIM_IT_CC2|TIM_IT_Update); //清除中断标志位
TIM_Cmd(TIM5, ENABLE);
}
void TIM5_IRQHandler(void)
{
{
if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM5, TIM_IT_CC2) != RESET)//捕获1发生捕获事件
{
duty_TIM5 = TIM_GetCapture1(TIM5); //采集占空比
if (TIM_GetCapture2(TIM5)>600) period_TIM5 = TIM_GetCapture2(TIM5);
CollectFlag_TIM5 = 0;
}
}
TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM5, TIM_IT_CC2|TIM_IT_Update); //清除中断标志位
}
PID部分:
准备部分:先定义PID结构体:
ID处理过程:
岔开一下:这里我控制的是电机的转速w,实际上电机的反馈波形的频率f、电机转速w、控制信号PWM的占空比a三者是大致线性的正比的关系,这里强调这个的目的是
因为楼主在前期一直搞不懂我控制的转速怎么和TIM4输出的PWM的占空比联系起来,后来想清楚里面的联系之后通过公式把各个系数算出来了。
正题:控制流程是这样的,首先我设定我需要的车速(对应四个轮子的转速),然后PID就是开始响应了,它先采样电机转速,得到偏差值E,带入PID计算公式,得到调整量也就是最终更改了PWM的占空比,不断调节,直到转速在稳态的一个小范围上下浮动。
上面讲到的“得到调整量”就是增量PID的公式:
int
incPIDcalc(PIDtypedef *PIDx,u16 nextpoint)
{
int iError,iincpid;
iError=PIDx->setpoint-nextpoint; //当前误差
/*iincpid= //增量计算
PIDx->proportion*iError //e[k]项
-PIDx->integral*PIDx->last_error //e[k-1]
+PIDx->derivative*PIDx->prev_error;//e[k-2]
*/
iincpid= //增量计算
PIDx->proportion*(iError-PIDx->last_error)
+PIDx->integral*iError
+PIDx->derivative*(iError-2*PIDx->last_error+PIDx->prev_error);
PIDx->prev_error=PIDx->last_error; //存储误差,便于下次计算
PIDx->last_error=iError;
return(iincpid) ;
}
注释掉的是第一种写法,没注释的是第二种以Kp
KI kd为系数的写法,实际结果是一样的。
处理过程放在了TIM6,溢出周期时间就是是PID里面采样周期(区分于反馈信号的采样,反馈信号采样是1M的频率)
相关代码:
标签:style color 使用 io cti 代码 div ar
原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/u011046042/article/details/38254445