标签:
IAlertController 同时替代了 UIAlertView 和 UIActionSheet,从系统层级上统一了 alert 的概念 —— 即以 modal 方式或 popover 方式展示。
UIAlertController 是 UIViewController 的子类,而非其先前的方式。因此新的 alert 可以由 view controller 展示相关的配置中获益很多。
UIAlertController 不管是要用 alert 还是 action sheet 方式展示,都要以 title 和 message 参数来初始化。Alert 会在当前显示的 view controller 中心以模态形式出现,action sheet 则会在底部滑出。Alert 可以同时有按钮和输入框,action sheet 仅支持按钮。
新的方式并没有把所有的 alert 按钮配置都放在初始化函数中,而是引入了一个新类 UIAlertAction 的对象,在初始化之后可以进行配置。这种形式的 API 重构让对按钮数量、类型、顺序方便有了更大的控制。同时也弃用了 UIAlertView 和 UIActionSheet 使用的delegate 这种方式,而是采用更简便的完成时回调。
新旧 Alert 方式对比
标准的 Alert 样式
旧方法:UIAlertView
1
2
3
|
let alertView = UIAlertView(title: "Default Style" , message: "A standard alert." , delegate: self, cancelButtonTitle: "Cancel" , otherButtonTitles: "OK" ) alertView.alertViewStyle = .Default alertView.show() |
1
2
3
4
5
6
|
// MARK: UIAlertViewDelegate func alertView(alertView: UIAlertView, clickedButtonAtIndex buttonIndex: Int) { switch buttonIndex { // ... } } |
新方法:UIAlertController
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
|
let alertController = UIAlertController(title: "Default Style" , message: "A standard alert." , preferredStyle: .Alert) let cancelAction = UIAlertAction(title: "Cancel" , style: .Cancel) { (action) in // ... } alertController.addAction(cancelAction) let OKAction = UIAlertAction(title: "OK" , style: .Default) { (action) in // ... } alertController.addAction(OKAction) self.presentViewController(alertController, animated: true ) { // ... } |
标准的 Action Sheet 样式
UIActionSheet
1
2
3
|
let actionSheet = UIActionSheet(title: "Takes the appearance of the bottom bar if specified; otherwise, same as UIActionSheetStyleDefault." , delegate: self, cancelButtonTitle: "Cancel" , destructiveButtonTitle: "Destroy" , otherButtonTitles: "OK" ) actionSheet.actionSheetStyle = .Default actionSheet.showInView(self.view) |
1
2
3
4
5
6
|
// MARK: UIActionSheetDelegate func actionSheet(actionSheet: UIActionSheet, clickedButtonAtIndex buttonIndex: Int) { switch buttonIndex { ... } } |
UIAlertController
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
|
let alertController = UIAlertController(title: nil, message: "Takes the appearance of the bottom bar if specified; otherwise, same as UIActionSheetStyleDefault." , preferredStyle: .ActionSheet) let cancelAction = UIAlertAction(title: "Cancel" , style: .Cancel) { (action) in // ... } alertController.addAction(cancelAction) let OKAction = UIAlertAction(title: "OK" , style: .Default) { (action) in // ... } alertController.addAction(OKAction) let destroyAction = UIAlertAction(title: "Destroy" , style: .Destructive) { (action) in println(action) } alertController.addAction(destroyAction) self.presentViewController(alertController, animated: true ) { // ... } |
新功能
UIAlertController 并不只是对已有的 API 做了清理,而是进行了标准化归纳。以前,预设的样式闲置有很多(swizzling 虽然可以提供更多的功能但还是有很大风险)。UIAlertController 让以前看起来很神奇的事情变为了可能。
UIAlertController is not just a cleanup of pre-existing APIs, it‘s a generalization of them. Previously, one was constrained to whatever presets were provided (swizzling in additional functionality at their own risk). With UIAlertController, it‘s possible to do a lot more out-of-the-box:
带有警示按钮的 Alert
这种行为已经被 UIAlertActionStyle 所涵盖,共有三种类型:
.Default: 对按钮应用标准样式。
.Cancel: 对按钮应用取消样式,代表取消操作不做任何改变。
.Destructive: 对按钮应用警示性的样式,提示用户这样做可能会改变或删除某些数据。
所以想要对模态的 alert 加一个警示性的按钮,只需要加上 .Destructive 风格的 UIAlertAction 属性:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
|
let alertController = UIAlertController(title: "Title" , message: "Message" , preferredStyle: .Alert) let cancelAction = UIAlertAction(title: "Cancel" , style: .Cancel) { (action) in println(action) } alertController.addAction(cancelAction) let destroyAction = UIAlertAction(title: "Destroy" , style: .Destructive) { (action) in println(action) } alertController.addAction(destroyAction) self.presentViewController(alertController, animated: true ) { // ... } |
大于 2 个按钮的 Alert
有 1 个或者 2 个操作的时候,按钮会水平排布。更多按钮的情况,就会像 action sheet 那样展示:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
let oneAction = UIAlertAction(title: "One" , style: .Default) { (_) in } let twoAction = UIAlertAction(title: "Two" , style: .Default) { (_) in } let threeAction = UIAlertAction(title: "Three" , style: .Default) { (_) in } let cancelAction = UIAlertAction(title: "Cancel" , style: .Cancel) { (_) in } alertController.addAction(oneAction) alertController.addAction(twoAction) alertController.addAction(threeAction) alertController.addAction(cancelAction) |
创建登录表单
iOS 5 就为 UIAlertView 加入了 alertViewStyle 属性,将原本私有的 API 暴露出来给开发者使用 —— 像某些系统内建应用一样允许在 alert 中显示登录和密码框。
在 iOS 8 中,UIAlertController 则加入了 addTextFieldWithConfigurationHandler 方法:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
|
let loginAction = UIAlertAction(title: "Login" , style: .Default) { (_) in let loginTextField = alertController.textFields![0] as UITextField let passwordTextField = alertController.textFields![1] as UITextField login(loginTextField.text, passwordTextField.text) } loginAction.enabled = false let forgotPasswordAction = UIAlertAction(title: "Forgot Password" , style: .Destructive) { (_) in } let cancelAction = UIAlertAction(title: "Cancel" , style: .Cancel) { (_) in } alertController.addTextFieldWithConfigurationHandler { (textField) in textField.placeholder = "Login" NSNotificationCenter.defaultCenter().addObserverForName(UITextFieldTextDidChangeNotification, object: textField, queue: NSOperationQueue.mainQueue()) { (notification) in loginAction.enabled = textField.text != "" } } alertController.addTextFieldWithConfigurationHandler { (textField) in textField.placeholder = "Password" textField.secureTextEntry = true } alertController.addAction(loginAction) alertController.addAction(forgotPasswordAction) alertController.addAction(cancelAction) |
创建注册表单
UIAlertController 想得比以前更周到一些,它提供了展示无限个输入框的权限,并且每一个输入框都可以根据需求进行自定义。这让仅在一个模态的 alert 中实现完善的注册功能成为可能:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
|
alertController.addTextFieldWithConfigurationHandler { (textField) in textField.placeholder = "Email" textField.keyboardType = .EmailAddress } alertController.addTextFieldWithConfigurationHandler { (textField) in textField.placeholder = "Password" textField.secureTextEntry = true } alertController.addTextFieldWithConfigurationHandler { (textField) in textField.placeholder = "Password Confirmation" textField.secureTextEntry = true } |
虽然有了这些,但必须要说明的是,不用矫枉过正。不能因为你可以这样做,就代表你应该这样做。忘了这玩意吧,提供一个 view controller 来做注册功能吧,因为你本就应该这样做!
注意
如果试图向 alert controller 添加带有 .ActionSheet 属性的输入框,将会抛出异常:
1
|
Terminating app due to uncaught exception NSInternalInconsistencyException, reason: ‘Text fields can only be added to an alert controller of style UIAlertControllerStyleAlert‘ |
同样的,向 alert 或 action sheet 添加一个以上的 .Cancel 按钮将会抛出异常:
1
|
Terminating app due to uncaught exception NSInternalInconsistencyException, reason: ‘ |
标签:
原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/xiguapijiamuguanaicha/p/5395507.html