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Codeforces 424C(异或)

时间:2016-04-23 19:53:31      阅读:182      评论:0      收藏:0      [点我收藏+]

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Time Limit: 2000MS   Memory Limit: 262144KB   64bit IO Format: %I64d & %I64u

 Status

Description

People in the Tomskaya region like magic formulas very much. You can see some of them below.

Imagine you are given a sequence of positive integer numbers p1p2, ..., pn. Lets write down some magic formulas:

技术分享
技术分享

Here, "mod" means the operation of taking the residue after dividing.

The expression 技术分享 means applying the bitwise xor (excluding "OR") operation to integers x and y. The given operation exists in all modern programming languages. For example, in languages C++ and Java it is represented by "^", in Pascal — by "xor".

People in the Tomskaya region like magic formulas very much, but they don‘t like to calculate them! Therefore you are given the sequence p, calculate the value of Q.

Input

The first line of the input contains the only integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 106). The next line contains n integers: p1, p2, ..., pn (0 ≤ pi ≤ 2·109).

Output

The only line of output should contain a single integer — the value of Q.

Sample Input

Input
3
1 2 3
Output
3

Source

Codeforces Round #242 (Div. 2)
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
typedef long long LL;
int a[1000005],b[1000005];
int main()
{
    int i,j,t,len,n,s,ans;
    while(scanf("%d",&n)!=EOF)
    {
        scanf("%d",&t);
        ans=t;
        for(i=2;i<=n;i++)
        {
            scanf("%d",&t);
            ans^=t;
        }
        b[0]=0;
        for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
        {
            b[i]=b[i-1]^i;
            int tmp=n/i;
            if(tmp&1)
            ans^=b[i-1];
            if(n%i)
            ans=ans^b[n%i];
        }
        printf("%d\n",ans);
    }
    return 0;
}

 

Codeforces 424C(异或)

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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/Ritchie/p/5425248.html

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