标签：git
Gitolite安装和配置
什么是GIT？
Git是一个开源的分布式版本控制系统，用以有效、高速的处理从很小到非常大的项目版本管理。
什么是Gitolite？
gitolite是git的权限控制系统。
Gitolite安装
环境： redhat
服务器：192.168.1.104
客户端：192.168.1.105
因为系统本身自带Git所以不用安装
如果没有
#wget https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/git-2.2.0.tar.gz
创建Git用户
[root@localhost ~]# adduser git
在git用户目录下安装gitolite
[root@localhost ~]# adduser git
[root@localhost ~]# su - git
[git@localhost ~]$ cd
[git@localhost ~]$ mkdir bin
克隆gitolite源码
[git@localhost ~]$ git clone https://github.com/sitaramc/gitolite.git
[git@localhost ~]$ ls 查看
bin gitolite
安装gitolite
[git@localhost ~]$ ./gitolite/install --to /home/git/bin/
[git@localhost ~]$ ls bin/
commands gitolite gitolite-shell lib syntactic-sugar triggers VERSION VREF
配置gitolite管理员
这里我们默认指定root用户为管理员
root@localhost ~]# ssh-keygen
[root@localhost ~]# cp .ssh/id_rsa.pub /tmp/admin.pub
切换到git用户，为gitolite配置管理员
[git@localhost ~]$ bin/gitolite setup -pk /tmp/admin.pub
Initialized empty Git repository in /home/git/repositories/gitolite-admin.git/
Initialized empty Git repository in /home/git/repositories/testing.git/
WARNING: /home/git/.ssh missing; creating a new one
(this is normal on a brand new install)
WARNING: /home/git/.ssh/authorized_keys missing; creating a new one
(this is normal on a brand new install)
[git@localhost ~]$ ls
bin gitolite projects.list repositories
管理员日常管理 克隆库到本地
[root@localhost ~]# git clone git@192.168.1.104:gitolite-admin
Initialized empty Git repository in /root/gitolite-admin/.git/
Enter passphrase for key ‘/root/.ssh/id_rsa‘:
git@192.168.1.104‘s password:
remote: Counting objects: 6, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (4/4), done.
Receiving objects: 100% (6/6), 755 bytes, done.
remote: Total 6 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
gitoadmin会生成两个目录文件
[root@localhost ~]# cd gitolite-admin/
[root@localhost gitolite-admin]# ls
conf keydir
验证 ：
创建库、添加用户
例如test用户访问git服务器上的mytest库
首先test用户向git服务器提交自己的公钥，传送到192.168.1.104/tmp目录下
客户端：
创建test账户并设置密码
[root@localhost ~]# adduser test
[root@localhost ~]# passwd test
更改用户 test 的密码 。
新的 密码：
重新输入新的 密码：
passwd： 所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。
创建公钥并复制到服务器上
[root@localhost ~]# su test
[test@localhost root]$ ssh-keygen
[root@localhost ~]# scp /home/test/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.1.104:/tmp
The authenticity of host ‘192.168.1.104 (192.168.1.104)‘ can‘t be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 2f:9e:72:d0:dd:cc:15:f6:af:51:0b:c3:30:e0:92:b0.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added ‘192.168.1.104‘ (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.1.104‘s password:
id_rsa.pub 100% 408 0.4KB/s 00:00
服务器：
把公钥放到keydir目录下
[root@localhost tmp]# cp id_rsa.pub /root/gitolite-admin/keydir/test.pub
[root@localhost keydir]# ls
admin.pub test.pub
管理员创建mytest库，给test用户权限
[root@localhost conf]# pwd
/root/gitolite-admin/conf
[root@localhost conf]# vim gitolite.conf
定义mytest库，给指定用户权限
@mygroup = test
repo mytest
RW+ =@mygroup
注释：mygroup是一个组。给这个组权限是读写推送的权限
查看git库状态
[root@localhost gitolite-admin]# git status
# On branch master
# Changed but not updated:
# (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
# (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
#
#modified: conf/gitolite.conf 表示该文件被修改
#
# Untracked files:
# (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
#
#keydir/test.pub 增加的文件
no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
将有改动的文件添加到git库
[root@localhost gitolite-admin]# git add keydir/test.pub conf/gitolite.conf
[root@localhost gitolite-admin]# git status
# On branch master
# Changes to be committed:
# (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
#
#modified: conf/gitolite.conf
#new file: keydir/test.pub
# 这里表示第一次执行git commit命令会有提示需要使用者标明身份·
[root@localhost gitolite-admin]# git commit -m "add repo mytest; add user test"
[master 73ef920] add repo mytest; add user test
Committer: root <root@localhost.localdomain>
Your name and email address were configured automatically based
on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.
You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:
git config --global user.name "Your Name" 提示你的用户名和邮箱
git config --global user.email you@example.com
If the identity used for this commit is wrong, you can fix it with:
git commit --amend --author=‘Your Name <you@example.com>‘
2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 keydir/test.pub
创建用户和邮箱
[root@localhost gitolite-admin]# git config --global user.email "xiaohu@qq.com"
[root@localhost gitolite-admin]# git config --global user.name "xiaohu"
执行完之后修改的文件只是推送到本地了，但是没推送到服务器上，还需要执行git push
[root@localhost gitolite-admin]# git push origin master
Enter passphrase for key ‘/root/.ssh/id_rsa‘:
git@192.168.1.104‘s password:
Counting objects: 10, done.
Compressing objects: 100% (5/5), done.
Writing objects: 100% (6/6), 832 bytes, done.
Total 6 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
remote: Initialized empty Git repository in /home/git/repositories/mytest.git/
To git@192.168.1.104:gitolite-admin
8a1974d..73ef920 master -> master
客户端验证
[root@localhost ~]# git clone git@192.168.1.104:/home/git/repositories/mytest.git
Initialized empty Git repository in /root/mytest/.git/
git@192.168.1.104‘s password:
warning: You appear to have cloned an empty repository.
验证成功
查看
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg install.log install.log.syslog mysql-cluster-gpl-7.4.6-linux-glibc2.5-i686.tar.gz mytest
创建一个文件添加到git
[root@localhost mytest]# git add 1.txt
[root@localhost mytest]# git commit "add file 1.txt"
[root@localhost mytest]# git commit -m "add file 1.txt"
[master (root-commit) f7b7637] add file 1.txt
Committer: root <root@localhost.localdomain>
Your name and email address were configured automatically based
on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.
You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:
git config --global user.name "Your Name"
git config --global user.email you@example.com
If the identity used for this commit is wrong, you can fix it with:
git commit --amend --author=‘Your Name <you@example.com>‘
0 files changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 1.txt
创建邮箱和用户
[root@localhost mytest]# git config --global user.email xiaohu@qq.com
[root@localhost mytest]# git config --global user.name test
提交文档到分支查看
[root@localhost mytest]# git commit -m "add file 1.txt"
# On branch master
nothing to commit (working directory clean)
[root@localhost mytest]# git status
# On branch master
nothing to commit (working directory clean)
标签：git
原文地址：http://10966380.blog.51cto.com/10956380/1767313
