Django-Restful框架

时间：2016-04-29 15:27:06 阅读：272 评论：0 收藏：0 [点我收藏+]

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1.准备工作

安装django框架
安装django-rsetful 框架

pip install djangorestframework

2.一个小demo

2.1创建django工程


    django admin startproject restful
    django admin startapp demo

2.2配置restful环境


    修改restful/settings.py
    在INSTALLED_APPS 添加 ‘rest_framework‘

2.3编写model层 /demo/model.py


    from django.db import models

    # Create your models here.
    class User(models.Model):
        username = models.CharField(max_length=20,blank=True)
        password = models.CharField(max_length=20,blank=True)
        def __str__(self):
            return self.username

2.4配置数据库


    python manage.py makemigratons
    python manage.py migrate
    python manage.py createsuperuser

2.5配置后台管理 /demo/admin.py


    from django.contrib import admin
    # Register your models here.
    from demo.models import User

    admin.site.register(User)

此时登陆后台添加一些数据
技术分享
(图片不清楚可按住Ctrl+鼠标滚轮放大)

2.6编写序列化模块 /demo/serializer.py


    # author: HuYong
    # coding=utf-8
    from rest_framework import serializers

    from demo.models import User


    class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        class Meta:
            model = User
            fields = ("id","username","password")

序列化联通json与模型层

2.7编写url

2.7.1根url restful/url.py


    from django.conf.urls import include, url
    from django.contrib import admin

    urlpatterns = [
        url(r‘^admin/‘, include(admin.site.urls)),
        url(r‘^api/demo/‘,include(‘demo.urls‘)),
    ]

2.7.2APP URL　demo/urls.py


    # author: HuYong
    # coding=utf-8
    from django.conf.urls import url

    from demo import views

    urlpatterns = [
        url(r‘^user/$‘,views.User_list),
        url(r‘^user/(?P<pk>[0-9]+)/$‘,views.User_detial),
    ]

2.8编写views层 demo/views.py


    import json

    from django.shortcuts import render

    # Create your views here.
    from rest_framework import status
    from rest_framework.decorators import api_view
    from rest_framework.response import Response

    from demo.models import User
    from demo.serializer import UserSerializer


    @api_view([‘GET‘,‘POST‘])
    def User_list(request):

        if request.method=="GET":
            users = User.objects.all()
            serializer = UserSerializer(users,many=True)
            return Response(serializer.data)

        elif request.method == ‘POST‘:
            print request.body
            serializer = UserSerializer(data=json.loads(request.body))
            if serializer.is_valid():
                serializer.save()
                return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
            else:
                return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)


    @api_view([‘GET‘, ‘PUT‘, ‘DELETE‘]) #
    def User_detial(request,pk):
        try:
            user = User.objects.get(pk=pk)
        except User.DoesNotExist:
            return Response(status=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND)

        if request.method == "GET":
            serializer = UserSerializer(user)
            return Response(serializer.data)

        elif request.method == "PUT":
            serializer = UserSerializer(user,data=json.loads(request.body))
            if serializer.is_valid():
                serializer.save()
                return Response(serializer.data)
            else:
                return Response(serializer.errors,status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

        elif request.method == "DELETE":
            user.delete()
            return Response(status=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)