Centos6.5 PXE自动化安装
首先我们将根据此图说明PXE自动安装的过程：
主机1开机以网卡方式启动，发现自己没有IP地址， 那么网卡rom中的dhcp客户端会发起discovery的广播请求，dhcp服务器发现请求后会给网卡分配一个ip地址告诉客户端TFTP服务器的地址及pxelinux.0所在的路径（相对路径）。于是客户端启动网络卡rom中的tftp客户端到TFTP服务器下载pxelinux.0及其配置文件pxelinux.cfg/default 和相关文件【此配置文件会告诉pxelinux.0如何及以何种方式引导界面】然后在内存中展开运行。显示如下图引导界面:
然后开始加载kernel(vmlinuz)和ramdisk(initrd.img)，其中initrd.img在default中添加附加选项例如：ks配置文件的位置是否使用dhcp获取地址等。在内存展开后会运行会运行/init 。init会调用/bin/loader根据附加选项中提供的ks地址去下载ks配置文件 根据ks配置文件提供的信息去下载服务器主机提供的安装树上image/install.image 这个文件中包含anaconda应用程序 然后启动anaconda 。anaconda根据ks配置文件至此安装过程启动
下面将详细介绍整个过程的配置
实验网络拓扑图
配置dhcp服务器：
Vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
内容如下：
# dhcpd.conf
#
# Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd
#
# option definitions common to all supported networks...
option domain-name "hefeng.com";
option domain-name-servers 172.16.34.1;
default-lease-time 86400;
max-lease-time 100000;
log-facility local7;
subnet 172.16.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 {
range 172.16.34.2 172.16.34.100;
option routers 172.16.34.1;
next-server 172.16.34.1; ------>tftp服务器地址
filename "pxelinux.0"; ------->引导文件相对位置
}
启用dhcp服务 
安装httpd服务器 yum install httpd -y 挂载光盘镜像至/var/www/html/ Mount /dev/cdrom /var/www/html/centos cp ~/anaconda-ks.cfg /var/www/html/ks.cfg Ks内容如下： # Kickstart file automatically generated by anaconda. #version=DEVEL install url --url=http://172.16.34.1/centos/ lang en_US.UTF-8 keyboard us network --onboot yes --device eth0 --bootproto dhcp --noipv6 rootpw --iscrypted $6$NpvdMIOj$9IIqXQ05uucKanibRIrjXP/Dn2dr3yX3xleCtp8HFj91ilMalqijSWHJnqnp9Ew07M.Lf2hMzrGi9bwXqEMhM0# Reboot after installation reboot firewall --disabled authconfig --useshadow --passalgo=sha512 selinux --disabled timezone Asia/Shanghai bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda --append="crashkernel=auto crashkernel=auto rhgb rhgb quiet quiet" # The following is the partition information you requested # Note that any partitions you deleted are not expressed # here so unless you clear all partitions first, this is # not guaranteed to work zerombr yes clearpart --all part /boot --fstype=ext4 --size=200 part pv.008002 --size=61440 volgroup vg0 --pesize=8192 pv.008002 logvol / --fstype=ext4 --name=root --vgname=vg0 --size=20480 logvol swap --name=swap --vgname=vg0 --size=2048 logvol /usr --fstype=ext4 --name=usr --vgname=vg0 --size=10240 注意：分区大小自行调整 logvol /var --fstype=ext4 --name=var --vgname=vg0 --size=20480 repo --name="CentOS" --baseurl=http://172.16.34.1/centos/ %packages @Base @Core @base @basic-desktop @chinese-support @client-mgmt-tools @core @desktop-platform @fonts @general-desktop @graphical-admin-tools @legacy-x @network-file-system-client @perl-runtime @remote-desktop-clients @x11 %end 编辑配置文件vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/welcome.conf # # This configuration file enables the default "Welcome" # page if there is no default index page present for # the root URL. To disable the Welcome page, comment # out all the lines below. # <LocationMatch "^/+$"> Options -Indexes ----->将‘-’删除 ErrorDocument 403 /error/noindex.html </LocationMatch> 启用httpd服务
打开浏览器测试是否正常访问
配置tftp服务器
依赖与xinetd
# default: off
# description: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer # protocol. The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless # workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers, # and to start the installation process for some operating systems.
service tftp
{
socket_type = dgram
protocol = udp
wait = yes
user = root
server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
server_args = -s /var/lib/tftpboot ---->dhcp中指定的相对路径的上半部分
disable = no ----->将yes改为no
per_source = 11
cps = 100 2
flags = IPv4
}
启用及查看服务是否启动
安装syslinux软件包 yum install syslinux -y
cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/
Cp /var/www/html/centos/images/pxeboot/{initrd.img,vmlinuz} /var/lib/tftpboot
Cp /var/www/html/centos/isolinux/{boot.msg,splash.jpg,vesamenu.c32}/var/lib/tftpboot
Mkdir -p /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg
Cp /var/www/html/centos/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
编辑default
内容如下：
#prompt 1
timeout 600
display boot.msg
menu background splash.jpg
menu title Welcome to CentOS 6.5!
menu color border 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color sel 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
menu color title 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color tabmsg 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color unsel 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color hotsel 0 #ff000000 #ffffffff
menu color hotkey 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
menu color scrollbar 0 #ffffffff #00000000
label linux
menu label ^Install or upgrade an existing system
menu default
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img ks=http://172.16.34.1/ks.cfg text
label vesa
menu label Install system with ^basic video driver
menu label Install system with ^basic video driver
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img xdriver=vesa nomodeset
label rescue
menu label ^Rescue installed system
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img rescue
label local
menu label Boot from ^local drive
localboot 0xffff
label memtest86
menu label ^Memory test
kernel memtest
append -
配置过程完成。。安装系统默认密码：12345
本文出自 “梦想一克拉” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://centod.blog.51cto.com/9108378/1532968
Centos6.5 PXE自动化安装,布布扣,bubuko.com
原文地址：http://centod.blog.51cto.com/9108378/1532968
