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【原创】Array方法笔记

时间:2016-05-27 10:59:39      阅读:203      评论:0      收藏:0      [点我收藏+]

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1、sort(orderfunction):按指定的参数对数组进行排序,默认以字符串的字典顺序进行排序(如果是数字,会先转成字符),如果都是数字,则按数字第一位大小排序,如:

var arr=[10,-2,4,1,8,15,8,49,27,6],b=arr.sort();console.log(b);

[-2, 1, 10, 15, 27, 4, 49, 6, 8, 8]
undefined

添加orderfunction,可排序纯数字数组,如下:

1 unction sortnumber(a,b){return a-b}
2 
3 var arr=[10,-2,4,1,8,15,8,49,27,6],
4 
5 b=arr.sort(sortnumber);console.log(b);
6 
7 [-2, 1, 4, 6, 8, 8, 10, 15, 27, 49]
8 undefined

sort()的返回值和原值都是排序过的值,检验如下:

 1 function sortnumber(a,b){return a-b}
 2 var arr=[10,-2,4,1,8,15,8,49,27,6],
 3 b=arr.sort(sortnumber);console.log(arr);
 4 
 5 [-2, 1, 4, 6, 8, 8, 10, 15, 27, 49]
 6 undefined
 7 
 8 
 9 function sortnumber(a,b){return a-b}
10 var arr=[10,-2,4,1,8,15,8,49,27,6]
11 ,b=arr.sort(sortnumber);console.log(arr==b);
12 
13 true
14 undefined

 

对对象数组进行排序,可以用以下函数:

/by函数接受一个成员名字符串做为参数

//并返回一个可以用来对包含该成员的对象数组进行排序的比较函数

var by = function(name){

    return function(o, p){
        var a, b;
         if (typeof o === "object" && typeof p === "object" && o&& p) {
            a = o[name];
            b = p[name];
            if (a === b) {
               return 0;
            }
            if (typeof a === typeof b) {
                return a < b ? -1 : 1;
            }
           return typeof a < typeof b ? -1 : 1;

       }
       else {
            throw ("error");
        }
    }
}

调用by函数可以这样写:


var employees=[]
employees[0]={name:"George", age:32, retiredate:"March 12, 2014"}
employees[1]={name:"Edward", age:17, retiredate:"June 2, 2023"}
employees[2]={name:"Christine", age:58, retiredate:"December 20, 2036"}
employees[3]={name:"Sarah", age:62, retiredate:"April 30, 2020"}

直接调用函数:
employees.sort(by("age"));

 

 

2、slice(start,end)英文名为“切片” 表示从数组中切去某一片段,start为开始索引,end为终止索引位置(切出来的部分包括start,不包括end),原数组不变

 1 var arr=[10,-2,4,1,8,15,8,49,27,6],
 2 b=arr.slice(3,6);console.log(arr==b);
 3 
 4 false
 5 undefined
 6 
 7 var arr=[10,-2,4,1,8,15,8,49,27,6],
 8 b=arr.slice(3,6);console.log(b);
 9 
10 [1, 8, 15]
11 undefined
12 
13 var arr=[10,-2,4,1,8,15,8,49,27,6],
14 b=arr.slice(3,6);console.log(arr);
15 
16 [10, -2, 4, 1, 8, 15, 8, 49, 27, 6]
17 undefined

 另外,start=end时,切出来为空数组b= [];start为负数时,切出来也为空数组b=[];

当start为正数时,end为负数时,-1表示数组表示最后一个(切片是end为最后一个,左闭右开,不切出来),-2表示倒数第二个,这时,取不到最后一个数字,以此类推,测试如下:

var arr=[10,-2,4,1,8,15,8,49,27,6],
b=arr.slice(3,3);console.log(b);

[]
undefined

var arr=[10,-2,4,1,8,15,8,49,27,6],
b=arr.slice(3,-1);console.log(b);

[1, 8, 15, 8, 49, 27]
undefined

var arr=[10,-2,4,1,8,15,8,49,27,6],
b=arr.slice(-1,2);console.log(b);

[]
undefined

var arr=[10,-2,4,1,8,15,8,49,27,6],
b=arr.slice(-1,5);console.log(b);

[]
undefined

var arr=[10,-2,4,1,8,15,8,49,27,6],
b=arr.slice(-1,5);console.log(arr);

[10, -2, 4, 1, 8, 15, 8, 49, 27, 6]
undefined

var arr=[10,-2,4,1,8,15,8,49,27,6],
b=arr.slice(3,0);console.log(b);

[]
undefined

var arr=[10,-2,4,1,8,15,8,49,27,6],
b=arr.slice(3,-2);console.log(b);

[1, 8, 15, 8, 49]
undefined

var arr=[10,-2,4,1,8,15,8,49,27,6],
b=arr.slice(3,-0);console.log(b);

[]
undefined

var arr=[10,-2,4,1,8,15,8,49,27,6],
b=arr.slice(3,-1);console.log(b);

[1, 8, 15, 8, 49, 27]
undefined

var arr=[10,-2,4,1,8,15,8,49,27,6],
b=arr.slice(3,11);console.log(b);

[1, 8, 15, 8, 49, 27, 6]
undefined

【原创】Array方法笔记

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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/pm-dongjian/p/5528833.html

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