Cobbler-CentOS6.7-无人值守安装

时间：2016-06-11 16:06:45 阅读：315 评论：0 收藏：0 [点我收藏+]

第1章项目规划

1.1 角色说明

服务器说明	数量	说明
分发系统服务器	1台	批量部署系统
新服务器	1台	等待安装系统通过cobbler方式

1.2 主机规划

服务器说明	名称规划	外网IP/eth0	内网IP/eth1
分发系统服务器	kickstart	10.0.0.199/24	172.16.1.199/24
新服务器	根具kickstart配置文件决定	根据cobbler dhcp地址确定	根具cobbler dhcp地址确定

第2章 Cobbler工具介绍

2.1 简介

Cobbler是一个Linux服务器安装的服务，可以通过网络启动(PXE)的方式来快速安装、重装物理服务器和虚拟机，同时还可以管理DHCP，DNS等。

Cobbler可以使用命令行方式管理，也提供了基于Web的界面管理工具(cobbler-web)，还提供了API接口，可以方便二次开发使用。Cobbler是较早前的kickstart的升级版，优点是比较容易配置，还自带web界面比较易于管理。

Cobbler内置了一个轻量级配置管理系统，但它也支持和其它配置管理系统集成，如Puppet，暂时不支持SaltStack。

2.2 支持的服务

PXE服务支持

DHCP服务管理

DNS服务管理(可选bind,dnsmasq)

电源管理

Kickstart服务支持

YUM仓库管理

TFTP(PXE启动时需要)

Apache(提供kickstart的安装源，并提供定制化的kickstart配置

第3章配置

3.1 查看系统环境

3.1.1 批量执行

cat /etc/redhat-release

uname -r

uname -m

hostname

ifconfig eth1|awk -F "[ :]+"‘NR==2{print $3}‘

getenforce

/etc/init.d/iptables status

3.1.2 执行结果

[root@cobbler ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release

CentOS release 6.7 (Final)

[root@cobbler ~]# uname -r

2.6.32-573.26.1.el6.x86_64

[root@cobbler ~]# uname -m

x86_64

[root@cobbler ~]# hostname

cobbler

[root@cobbler ~]# ifconfig eth1|awk -F"[ :]+" ‘NR==2{print $3}‘

addr

[root@cobbler ~]# getenforce

Disabled

[root@cobbler ~]# /etc/init.d/iptablesstatus

iptables：未运行防火墙。

3.2 安装所需环境软件

3.2.1 批量执行

yum -y install cobbler cobbler-web dhcptftp-server pykickstart httpd xinetd

3.2.2 执行结果

[root@cobbler ~]# yum -y install cobbler cobbler-web dhcp tftp-server pykickstart httpdxinetd

已加载插件：fastestmirror, security

设置安装进程

已安装:

cobbler.x86_64 0:2.6.11-1.el6 cobbler-web.noarch 0:2.6.11-1.el6 dhcp.x86_64 12:4.1.1-51.P1.el6.centos httpd.x86_64 0:2.2.15-53.el6.centos

pykickstart.noarch 0:1.74.20-1.el6 tftp-server.x86_64 0:0.49-8.el6 xinetd.x86_64 2:2.3.14-40.el6

作为依赖被安装:

Django14.noarch 0:1.4.21-1.el6 PyYAML.x86_64 0:3.10-3.1.el6 apr-util-ldap.x86_64 0:1.3.9-3.el6_0.1

createrepo.noarch 0:0.9.9-24.el6 deltarpm.x86_640:3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6 genisoimage.x86_64 0:1.1.9-12.el6

httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.2.15-53.el6.centos libyaml.x86_64 0:0.1.3-4.el6_6 mod_ssl.x86_641:2.2.15-53.el6.centos

mod_wsgi.x86_64 0:3.2-7.el6 mtools.x86_640:4.0.12-1.el6 portreserve.x86_64 0:0.0.4-11.el6

python-cheetah.x86_64 0:2.4.1-1.el6 python-deltarpm.x86_640:3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6 python-markdown.noarch 0:2.0.1-3.1.el6

python-netaddr.noarch 0:0.7.5-4.el6 python-pygments.noarch0:1.1.1-1.el6 python-setuptools.noarch 0:0.6.10-3.el6

python-simplejson.x86_64 0:2.0.9-3.1.el6 syslinux.x86_64 0:4.04-3.el6 syslinux-nonlinux.noarch 0:4.04-3.el6

作为依赖被升级:

dhclient.x86_64 12:4.1.1-51.P1.el6.centos dhcp-common.x86_64 12:4.1.1-51.P1.el6.centos

完毕！

3.3 启动相关服务

3.3.1 批量执行

/etc/init.d/xinetd start

/etc/init.d/httpd start

/etc/init.d/cobblerd start

3.3.2 执行结果

[root@cobbler ~]# /etc/init.d/xinetd start

正在启动 xinetd： [确定]

[root@cobbler ~]# /etc/init.d/httpd start

正在启动 httpd：

[root@cobbler ~]# /etc/init.d/cobblerdstart

Starting cobbler daemon: [确定]

第4章检测配置

执行以下命令检查Cobbler的配置，如果看不到下面的结果，再次执行cobbler和httpd服务。（cobblercheck命令用于向用户提供检查信息，就安装可能出现的问题进行提示）

[root@cobbler ~]# cobbler check

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "/usr/bin/cobbler", line 36, in <module>

sys.exit(app.main())

File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/cobbler/cli.py", line657, in main

rc = cli.run(sys.argv)

File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/cobbler/cli.py", line270, in run

self.token =self.remote.login("", self.shared_secret)

File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/xmlrpclib.py", line 1199, in__call__

return self.__send(self.__name, args)

File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/xmlrpclib.py", line 1489, in__request

verbose=self.__verbose

File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/xmlrpclib.py", line 1253, inrequest

return self._parse_response(h.getfile(), sock)

File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/xmlrpclib.py", line 1392, in_parse_response

return u.close()

File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/xmlrpclib.py", line 838, in close

raise Fault(**self._stack[0])

xmlrpclib.Fault: <Fault 1:"<class ‘cobbler.cexceptions.CX‘>:‘login failed‘">

4.1 解决上面的报错

[root@cobbler ~]# /etc/init.d/cobblerd restart

Stopping cobbler daemon: [确定]

Starting cobbler daemon: [确定]

[root@cobbler ~]# cobbler check

The following are potential configurationitems that you may want to fix:

1 : The ‘server‘ field in/etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than localhost, orkickstarting features will not work. This should be a resolvable hostname or IP for the boot server asreachable by all machines that will use it.

2 : For PXE to be functional, the‘next_server‘ field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something otherthan 127.0.0.1, and should match the IP of the boot server on the PXE network.

3 : change ‘disable‘ to ‘no‘ in/etc/xinetd.d/tftp

4 : some network boot-loaders are missingfrom /var/lib/cobbler/loaders, you may run ‘cobbler get-loaders‘ to downloadthem, or, if you only want to handle x86/x86_64 netbooting, you may ensure thatyou have installed a *recent* version of the syslinux package installed and canignore this message entirely. Files inthis directory, should you want to support all architectures, should includepxelinux.0, menu.c32, elilo.efi, and yaboot. The ‘cobbler get-loaders‘ commandis the easiest way to resolve these requirements.

5 : change ‘disable‘ to ‘no‘ in/etc/xinetd.d/rsync

6 : file /etc/xinetd.d/rsync does not exist

7 : debmirror package is not installed, itwill be required to manage debian deployments and repositories

8 : The default password used by the sampletemplates for newly installed machines (default_password_crypted in/etc/cobbler/settings) is still set to ‘cobbler‘ and should be changed, try:"openssl passwd -1 -salt ‘random-phrase-here‘ ‘your-password-here‘"to generate new one

9 : fencing tools were not found, and arerequired to use the (optional) power management features. install cman orfence-agents to use them

Restart cobblerd and then run ‘cobblersync‘ to apply changes.

4.2 配置rsync

sed -i -e ‘s/\=\ yes/\=\ no/g‘/etc/xinetd.d/rsync

service xinetd restart

4.2.1 执行结果

[root@cobbler ~]# sed -i -e ‘s/\=\ yes/\=\ no/g‘ /etc/xinetd.d/rsync

[root@cobbler ~]# service xinetd restart

停止 xinetd： [确定]

正在启动 xinetd： [确定]

4.3 根据cobbler check的结果进行修改

4.3.1 批量执行

openssl passwd -1 -salt ‘cobbler‘ ‘123456‘

sed -i.bak0 ‘101s#default_password_crypted:"$1$mF86/UHC$WvcIcX2t6crBz2onWxyac."#default_password_crypted:$1$cobbler$sqDDOBeLKJVmxTCZr52/11 #‘ /etc/cobbler/settings

sed -i.bak1 ‘242s#manage_dhcp:0#manage_dhcp: 1#‘ /etc/cobbler/settings

sed -i.bak2 ‘272s#next_server: 127.0.0.1#next_server:172.16.1.31#‘ /etc/cobbler/settings

sed -i.bak3 ‘384s#server: 127.0.0.1#server:172.16.1.199#‘ /etc/cobbler/settings

ls -l /etc/cobbler/settings*

4.3.2 执行结果

[root@cobbler ~]# openssl passwd -1 -salt ‘cobbler‘ ‘123456‘

$1$cobbler$sqDDOBeLKJVmxTCZr52/11

[root@cobbler ~]# sed -i.bak0 ‘101s#default_password_crypted:"$1$mF86/UHC$WvcIcX2t6crBz2onWxyac."#default_password_crypted:$1$cobbler$sqDDOBeLKJVmxTCZr52/11 #‘ /etc/cobbler/settings

[root@cobbler ~]# sed -i.bak1 ‘242s#manage_dhcp: 0#manage_dhcp:1#‘ /etc/cobbler/settings

[root@cobbler ~]# sed -i.bak2 ‘272s#next_server: 127.0.0.1#next_server:172.16.1.199#‘ /etc/cobbler/settings

[root@cobbler ~]# sed -i.bak3 ‘384s#server: 127.0.0.1#server:172.16.1.199#‘ /etc/cobbler/settings

[root@cobbler ~]# ls -l /etc/cobbler/settings*

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 19652 6月 10 01:18 /etc/cobbler/settings

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 19651 6月 10 01:13 /etc/cobbler/settings.bak0

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 19649 6月 10 01:18 /etc/cobbler/settings.bak1

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 19649 6月 10 01:18 /etc/cobbler/settings.bak2

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 19649 6月 10 01:18 /etc/cobbler/settings.bak3

4.4 编辑dnsmasq.template 模板

只更改粗体部分

[root@cobbler ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template

[root@cobbler ~]#

[root@cobbler ~]# cat/etc/cobbler/dhcp.template

#******************************************************************

# Cobbler managed dhcpd.conf file

# generated from cobbler dhcp.conf template($date)

# Do NOT make changes to /etc/dhcpd.conf. Instead,make your changes

# in /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template, as/etc/dhcpd.conf will be

# overwritten.

#******************************************************************

ddns-update-style interim;

allow booting;

allow bootp;

ignore client-updates;

set vendorclass = optionvendor-class-identifier;

option pxe-system-type code 93 = unsignedinteger 16;

subnet172.16.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { 网段和子网掩码

option routers 172.16.1.2;网关

option domain-name-servers 172.16.1.2;DNS

option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;子网

range dynamic-bootp 172.16.1.100172.16.1.150; 地址段

default-lease-time 21600;

max-lease-time 43200;

next-server 172.16.1.199; 服务器地址

class "pxeclients" {

#end for

4.5 挂载ISO文件拷贝到本地

4.5.1 批量执行

mkdir -p /data

mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/

cp -a /mnt/* /data/

umount /mnt

ls -l /data/

4.5.2 执行结果

[root@cobbler ~]# mkdir -p /data

[root@cobbler ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/

mount: block device /dev/sr0 iswrite-protected, mounting read-only

[root@cobbler ~]# cp -a /mnt/* /data/

[root@cobbler ~]# umount /mnt

[root@cobbler ~]# ls -l /data/

总用量 300

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 14 8月 52015 CentOS_BuildTag

dr-xr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 8月 52015 EFI

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 212 11月 27 2013 EULA

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 18009 11月 27 2013 GPL

dr-xr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 8月 52015 images

dr-xr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 8月 52015 isolinux

dr-xr-xr-x 2 root root 237568 8月 5 2015 Packages

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 1354 7月 252015 RELEASE-NOTES-en-US.html

dr-xr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 8月 52015 repodata

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 1706 11月 27 2013 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 1730 11月 27 2013 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Debug-6

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 1730 11月 27 2013 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Security-6

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 1734 11月 27 2013 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-6

-r--r--r-- 1 root root 3380 8月 52015 TRANS.TBL

4.6 导入系统镜像

4.6.1 启动服务

[root@cobbler ~]# cobbler sync

task started: 2016-06-10_015953_sync

task started (id=Sync, time=Fri Jun 1001:59:53 2016)

running pre-sync triggers

cleaning trees

removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images

copying bootloaders

trying hardlink/usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0

trying hardlink /usr/share/syslinux/menu.c32-> /var/lib/tftpboot/menu.c32

trying hardlink /usr/share/syslinux/memdisk-> /var/lib/tftpboot/memdisk

copying distros to tftpboot

copying images

generating PXE configuration files

generating PXE menu structure

rendering DHCP files

generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

rendering TFTPD files

generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

cleaning link caches

running post-sync triggers

running python triggers from/var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*

running python triggercobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services

running: dhcpd -t -q

received on stdout:

received on stderr:

running: service dhcpd restart

received on stdout: 正在启动 dhcpd：[确定]

received on stderr:

running shell triggers from/var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*

running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*

running python triggercobbler.modules.scm_track

running shell triggers from/var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*

*** TASK COMPLETE ***

[root@cobbler ~]# /etc/init.d/dhc restart

dhcpd dhcpd6 dhcrelay dhcrelay6

[root@cobbler ~]# /etc/init.d/dhcpd restart

关闭 dhcpd： [确定]

正在启动 dhcpd： [确定]

4.6.2 导入

cobbler import --path=/data/--name=CentOS-6.7-x86_64 --arch=x86_64

4.6.3 执行结果

[root@cobbler ~]# cobbler import --path=/data/ --name=CentOS-6.7-x86_64 --arch=x86_64

task started: 2016-06-10_020146_import

task started (id=Media import, time=Fri Jun10 02:01:46 2016)

Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat,version=rhel6

Found a matching signature: breed=redhat,version=rhel6

Adding distros from path/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-6.7-x86_64:

creating new distro: CentOS-6.7-x86_64

trying symlink:/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-6.7-x86_64 ->/var/www/cobbler/links/CentOS-6.7-x86_64

creating new profile: CentOS-6.7-x86_64

associating repos

checking for rsync repo(s)

checking for rhn repo(s)

checking for yum repo(s)

starting descent into/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-6.7-x86_64 for CentOS-6.7-x86_64

processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-6.7-x86_64

need to process repo/comps:/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-6.7-x86_64

looking for/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-6.7-x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml

Keeping repodata as-is:/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-6.7-x86_64/repodata

*** TASK COMPLETE ***

4.6.4 说明

# --path 镜像路径

# --name 为安装源定义一个名字

# --arch 指定安装源是32位、64位、ia64, 目前支持的选项有: x86│x86_64│ia64

# 安装源的唯一标示就是根据name参数来定义，本例导入成功后，安装源的唯一标示就是：CentOS-6.7-x86_64，如果重复，系统会提示导入失败。

4.7 查看镜像列表

镜像存放目录，cobbler会将镜像中的所有安装文件拷贝到本地一份，放在/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror下的CentOS-6.7-x86_64目录下。因此/var/www/cobbler目录必须具有足够容纳安装文件的空间。

[root@cobbler ~]# cobbler distro list

CentOS-6.7-x86_64

4.7.1 查看生成的镜像目录

cd /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/

ls CentOS-6.7-x86_64/

4.7.2 执行结果

[root@cobbler ~]# cd /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/

[root@cobbler ks_mirror]# ls

CentOS-6.7-x86_64 config

[root@cobbler ks_mirror]# ls CentOS-6.7-x86_64/

CentOS_BuildTag isolinux RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Debug-6

EFI Packages RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Security-6

EULA RELEASE-NOTES-en-US.html RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-6

GPL repodata TRANS.TBL

images RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

4.8 查看导入的帮助信息

[root@cobbler ~]# cobbler import --help

Usage: cobbler [options]

Options:

-h,--help show this help messageand exit

--arch=ARCH OSarchitecture being imported

--breed=BREED the breedbeing imported

--os-version=OS_VERSION

the version being imported

--path=PATH local pathor rsync location

--name=NAME name, ex‘RHEL-5‘

--available-as=AVAILABLE_AS

tree is here, don‘tmirror

--kickstart=KICKSTART_FILE

assign this kickstartfile

--rsync-flags=RSYNC_FLAGS

pass additional flagsto rsync

第5章定制ks.cfg文件及调整内核参数

5.1 进入到Cobbler kickstart文件的默认存放位置

[root@cobbler ~]# cd /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/

5.2 上传写好的CetnOS-6.7-x86_64.cfg文件到/var/lib/cobbler/kickstart下面

[root@cobbler kickstarts]# rz -E

rz waiting to receive.

[root@cobbler kickstarts]# ls -l CentOS-6.7-x86_64.cfg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1510 6月 10 02:15 CentOS-6.7-x86_64.cfg

5.2.1 CetnOS-6.7-x86_64.cfg文件内容

#Kickstart Configurator by Jason Zhao

#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T

#System language

lang en_US

#System keyboard

keyboard us

#Sytem timezone

timezone Asia/Shanghai

#Root password

rootpw --iscrypted$default_password_crypted

#rootpw --iscrypted$1$ops-node$7hqdpgEmIE7Z0RbtQkxW20

#Use text mode install

text

#Install OS instead of upgrade

install

#Use NFS installation Media

url --url=$tree

#url--url=http://172.16.1.199/CentOS-6.7-x86_64

#System bootloader configuration

bootloader --location=mbr

#Clear the Master Boot Record

zerombr

#Partition clearing information

clearpart --all --initlabel

#Disk partitioning information

part /boot --fstype ext4 --size 1024--ondisk sda

part swap --size 16384 --ondisk sda

part / --fstype ext4 --size 1 --grow--ondisk sda

#System authorization infomation

auth --useshadow --enablemd5

#Network information

$SNIPPET(‘network_config‘)

#network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0--onboot=on

# Reboot after installation

reboot

#Firewall configuration

firewall --disabled

#SELinux configuration

selinux --disabled

#Do not configure XWindows

skipx

%pre

$SNIPPET(‘log_ks_pre‘)

$SNIPPET(‘kickstart_start‘)

$SNIPPET(‘pre_install_network_config‘)

# Enable installation monitoring

$SNIPPET(‘pre_anamon‘)

%end

#Package install information

%packages

@ base

@ core

@debugging

@development

sysstat

tree

telnet

dos2unix

ntp

lrzsz

nfs-utils

rpcbind

openssl-devel

zlib-devel

nmap

screen

%end

%post

%end

5.3 编辑profile，修改关联的ks文件,修改内核参数

cobbler profile edit--name=CentOS-6.7-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS-6.7-x86_64.cfg

[root@cobbler kickstarts]# cobbler profile edit--name=CentOS-6.7-x86_64--kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS-6.7-x86_64.cfg

第6章 Cobbler Web页面配置

6.1 相同网段内，打开浏览器，输入http://172.16.1.199/cobbler_web

用户名和密码都是cobbler

6.2 方便配置

第7章定制化安装系统

7.1 安装koan

[root@cobbler kickstarts]# cd ~

[root@cobbler ~]# yum -y install koan

已加载插件：fastestmirror, security

设置安装进程

已安装:

koan.noarch 0:2.6.11-1.el6

作为依赖被安装:

cyrus-sasl-md5.x86_64 0:2.1.23-15.el6_6.2 gnutls-utils.x86_64 0:2.8.5-19.el6_7

libselinux-python.x86_64 0:2.0.94-7.el6 libvirt-client.x86_640:0.10.2-60.el6

libvirt-python.x86_64 0:0.10.2-60.el6 python-virtinst.noarch0:0.600.0-29.el6

yajl.x86_64 0:1.0.7-3.el6

作为依赖被升级:

libselinux.x86_64 0:2.0.94-7.el6 libselinux-utils.x86_640:2.0.94-7.el6

完毕！

7.2 查看镜像列表

[root@cobbler ~]# koan --server=172.16.1.199 --list=profiles

- looking for Cobbler athttp://172.16.1.199:80/cobbler_api

CentOS-6.7-x86_64

7.3 解析

[root@cobbler ~]# koan --replace-self --server=172.16.1.199 --profile=CentOS-6.7-x86_64

- looking for Cobbler athttp://172.16.1.199:80/cobbler_api

- reading URL:http://172.16.1.199/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/CentOS-6.7-x86_64

install_tree:http://172.16.1.199/cblr/links/CentOS-6.7-x86_64

downloading initrd initrd.img to/boot/initrd.img_koan

url=http://172.16.1.199/cobbler/images/CentOS-6.7-x86_64/initrd.img

- reading URL:http://172.16.1.199/cobbler/images/CentOS-6.7-x86_64/initrd.img

downloading kernel vmlinuz to/boot/vmlinuz_koan

url=http://172.16.1.199/cobbler/images/CentOS-6.7-x86_64/vmlinuz

- reading URL:http://172.16.1.199/cobbler/images/CentOS-6.7-x86_64/vmlinuz

- [‘/sbin/grubby‘, ‘--add-kernel‘,‘/boot/vmlinuz_koan‘, ‘--initrd‘, ‘/boot/initrd.img_koan‘, ‘--args‘,‘"ks=http://172.16.1.199/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/CentOS-6.7-x86_64ksdevice=link kssendmac "‘, ‘--copy-default‘, ‘--make-default‘,‘--title=kick1465496560‘]

- [‘/sbin/grubby‘, ‘--update-kernel‘,‘/boot/vmlinuz_koan‘, ‘--remove-args=root‘]

- reboot to apply changes

最后设置

cobbler system add --name=test--mac=00:50:56:26:DC:7B --ip-address=172.16.1.199 --subnet=255.255.255.0--gateway=172.16.1.2 --name-servers="172.16.1.2 8.8.8.8"--interface=eth1 --static=1 --hostname=xeon--kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS-6.7-x86_64.cfg --profile=Centos-6.7-x86_64

[root@cobbler ~]# cobbler system add --name=test --mac=00:50:56:26:DC:7B--ip-address=172.16.1.199 --subnet=255.255.255.0 --gateway=172.16.1.2--name-servers="172.16.1.2 8.8.8.8" --interface=eth1 --static=1--hostname=xeon --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS-6.7-x86_64.cfg--profile=Centos-6.7-x86_64

第8章测试

8.1 报错

8.1.1 重新启动所有服务

[root@cobbler ~]# /etc/init.d/httpd restart

停止 httpd： [确定]

正在启动 httpd： [确定]

[root@cobbler ~]# /etc/init.d/cobblerd restart

Stopping cobbler daemon: [确定]

Starting cobbler daemon: [确定]

[root@cobbler ~]# /etc/init.d/xinetd restart

停止 xinetd： [确定]

正在启动 xinetd： [确定]

[root@cobbler ~]# /etc/init.d/dhcpd restart

关闭 dhcpd： [确定]

正在启动 dhcpd： [确定]

8.2 安装过程截图

第9章开机自启动

因后边会把他写入到内核里，所以，小心开启选择顺序

9.1 修改grub，更改启动项

9.1.1 备份grub配置文件

因etc目录下面的grub.conf是一个链接文件，需要备份原始文件.修改链接文件无效！！！

[root@cobbler ~]# ls -l /etc/grub.conf

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 22 5月 22 13:44 /etc/grub.conf -> ../boot/grub/grub.conf

[root@cobbler ~]# cp -a /boot/grub/grub.conf /boot/grub/grub.conf.bak

[root@cobbler ~]# ls -l /boot/grub/grub*

-rw------- 1 root root 1463 6月 10 02:22 /boot/grub/grub.conf

-rw------- 1 root root 1463 6月 10 02:22 /boot/grub/grub.conf.bak

9.1.2 编辑grub配置文件

以“title”为首的项目，每一个这样的项目，就是我们安装的操作系统，如果我们想让哪个为默认启动操作系统，那么我们需要修改“default”的值，这个值按照数组方式来设置，设置的值为我们系统中实际操作系统数量-1，例如我们现在有两个操作系统，我们想设置第一个为默认操作系统，那么我们应该把这个值设置为0；如果想第二个为默认操作系统，那么应该设置这个值为1

9.1.2.1 查看grub配置文件

[root@cobbler ~]# cat /boot/grub/grub.conf

# grub.conf generated by anaconda

# Note that you do not have to rerun grubafter making changes to this file

# NOTICE: You have a /boot partition. Thismeans that

# all kernel and initrd paths are relative to /boot/, eg.

# root (hd0,0)

# kernel /vmlinuz-version ro root=/dev/sda3

# initrd /initrd-[generic-]version.img

#boot=/dev/sda

default=0

timeout=5

splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz

hiddenmenu

title kick1465496560

root(hd0,0)

kernel/vmlinuz_koan ro nomodeset rd_NO_LUKS KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us.UTF-8 rd_NO_MDSYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=auto rd_NO_LVM rd_NO_DM rhgb quietks=http://172.16.1.199/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/CentOS-6.7-x86_64 ksdevice=linkkssendmac

initrd/initrd.img_koan

title CentOS (2.6.32-573.26.1.el6.x86_64)

root(hd0,0)

kernel/vmlinuz-2.6.32-573.26.1.el6.x86_64 roroot=UUID=0ede13b1-3bea-4ef0-911d-f708c9f13d48 nomodeset rd_NO_LUKS KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us.UTF-8rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=auto rd_NO_LVM rd_NO_DM rhgbquiet

initrd/initramfs-2.6.32-573.26.1.el6.x86_64.img

title CentOS 6 (2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64)

root(hd0,0)

kernel/vmlinuz-2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64 roroot=UUID=0ede13b1-3bea-4ef0-911d-f708c9f13d48 nomodeset rd_NO_LUKS KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us.UTF-8rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=auto rd_NO_LVM rd_NO_DM rhgbquiet

initrd/initramfs-2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64.img

9.1.2.2 替换

sed -i.bak ‘s#default=0#default=1#g‘ /boot/grub/grub.conf

sed -n ‘10p‘ /boot/grub/grub.conf

ls -l /boot/grub/grub.conf*

[root@cobbler ~]# sed -i.bak ‘s#default=0#default=1#g‘ /boot/grub/grub.conf

[root@cobbler ~]# sed -n ‘10p‘ /boot/grub/grub.conf

default=1

[root@cobbler ~]# ls -l /boot/grub/grub.conf*

-rw------- 1 root root 1463 6月 10 03:24 /boot/grub/grub.conf

-rw------- 1 root root 1463 6月 10 02:22 /boot/grub/grub.conf.bak

9.1.3 重启测试

9.2 开机手动执行脚本（启动服务）

这样做的目的是为了避免在同一网段的机器被错误装系统！

cat >/server/scripts/cobbler_service.sh<<EOF

#!/bin/sh

/etc/init.d/httpd restart

/etc/init.d/cobblerd restart

/etc/init.d/xinetd restart

/etc/init.d/dhcpd restart

EOF

chmod +x /server/scripts/cobbler_server.sh

ls -l /server/scripts/cobbler_service.sh

9.3 执行结果

[root@cobbler ~]# cat >/server/scripts/cobbler_service.sh<<EOF

> #!/bin/sh

> /etc/init.d/httpd restart

> /etc/init.d/cobblerd restart

> /etc/init.d/xinetd restart

> /etc/init.d/dhcpd restart

> EOF

[root@cobbler ~]# chmod +x /server/scripts/cobbler_service.sh

[root@cobbler ~]# ls -l /server/scripts/cobbler_service.sh

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 118 6月 10 03:00 /server/scripts/cobbler_service.sh

9.4 手动执行脚本

[root@cobbler ~]# /bin/sh /server/scripts/cobbler_service.sh

停止 httpd： [确定]

正在启动 httpd： [确定]

Stopping cobbler daemon: [失败]

Starting cobbler daemon: [确定]

停止 xinetd： [失败]

正在启动 xinetd： [确定]

正在启动 dhcpd： [确定]

安装结束，欢迎大家讨论！！

本文出自 “漂流的青春” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://pldqc.blog.51cto.com/4413174/1787884

Cobbler-CentOS6.7-无人值守安装

标签：cobbler 配置文件项目规划管理工具管理系统服务器

原文地址：http://pldqc.blog.51cto.com/4413174/1787884

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Cobbler-CentOS6.7-无人值守安装

第1章 项目规划

1.1 角色说明

1.2 主机规划

第2章 Cobbler工具介绍

2.1 简介

2.2 支持的服务

第3章 配置

3.1 查看系统环境

3.1.1 批量执行

3.1.2 执行结果

3.2 安装所需环境软件

3.2.1 批量执行

3.2.2 执行结果

3.3 启动相关服务

3.3.1 批量执行

3.3.2 执行结果

第4章 检测配置

4.1 解决上面的报错

4.2 配置rsync

4.2.1 执行结果

4.3 根据cobbler check的结果进行修改

4.3.1 批量执行

4.3.2 执行结果

4.4 编辑dnsmasq.template 模板

4.5 挂载ISO文件拷贝到本地

4.5.1 批量执行

4.5.2 执行结果

4.6 导入系统镜像

4.6.1 启动服务

4.6.2 导入

4.6.3 执行结果

4.6.4 说明

4.7 查看镜像列表

4.7.1 查看生成的镜像目录

4.7.2 执行结果

4.8 查看导入的帮助信息

第5章 定制ks.cfg文件及调整内核参数

5.1 进入到Cobbler kickstart文件的默认存放位置

5.2 上传写好的CetnOS-6.7-x86_64.cfg文件到/var/lib/cobbler/kickstart下面

5.2.1 CetnOS-6.7-x86_64.cfg文件内容

5.3 编辑profile，修改关联的ks文件,修改内核参数

第6章 Cobbler Web页面配置

6.1 相同网段内，打开浏览器，输入http://172.16.1.199/cobbler_web

6.2 方便配置

第7章 定制化安装系统

7.1 安装koan

7.2 查看镜像列表

7.3 解析

第8章 测试

8.1 报错

8.1.1 重新启动所有服务

8.2 安装过程截图

第9章 开机自启动

9.1 修改grub，更改启动项

9.1.1 备份grub配置文件

9.1.2 编辑grub配置文件

9.1.2.1 查看grub配置文件

9.1.2.2 替换

9.1.3 重启测试

9.2 开机手动执行脚本（启动服务）

9.3 执行结果

9.4 手动执行脚本

第1章项目规划

第3章配置

第4章检测配置

第5章定制ks.cfg文件及调整内核参数

第7章定制化安装系统

第8章测试

第9章开机自启动