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mplement the following operations of a queue using stacks.
Notes:
push to top
, peek/pop from top
, size
, and is empty
operations are valid.这是<剑指offer>上的一道题.与Implement Stack using Queues互为对偶.这里主要的难点不在添加元素,而在于如何利用从尾部pop的栈实现从头pop().使用栈没法像queue那样进行左旋,所以不可避免要使用两个stack,stack1为input栈,stack2为ouput栈.input栈负责增加元素,一旦要进行peek或者pop操作,output栈就要启用,如果为空的话,需要从input栈中逆序增加元素.因为queue先进先出,所以后来再加入stack1的元素,在stack2不为空的情况下,并不影响peek和pop操作.代码如下:
class Queue(object): def __init__(self): """ initialize your data structure here. """ self.stack1 = [] self.stack2 = [] def adjust(self): if not self.stack2: while self.stack1: self.stack2.append(self.stack1.pop()) def push(self, x): """ :type x: int :rtype: nothing """ self.stack1.append(x) def pop(self): """ :rtype: nothing """ if not self.empty(): self.stack2.pop() def peek(self): """ :rtype: int """ if not self.empty(): return self.stack2[-1] def empty(self): """ :rtype: bool """ self.adjust() return len(self.stack2) == 0
给出一个leetcode上的参考代码,和我的没有本质差别:
class Queue { stack<int> input, output; public: void push(int x) { input.push(x); } void pop(void) { peek(); output.pop(); } int peek(void) { if (output.empty()) while (input.size()) output.push(input.top()), input.pop(); return output.top(); } bool empty(void) { return input.empty() && output.empty(); } };
每个元素都会在stack1,stack2存储一次,所以所有操作的均摊复杂度都为O(1).
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/sherylwang/p/5595906.html