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首先要有个数据库完全备份
RMAN> list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
1 Full 1.11G DISK 00:01:41 23-JUN-16
BP Key: 1 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20160623T202948
Piece Name: /u02/app/oracle/fra/ORCL2/backupset/2016_06_23/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20160623T202948_cpqokwwn_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 1
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 2158832 23-JUN-16 /u02/app/oracle/orcl2/ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_system_cpo3tvhx_.dbf
3 Full 2158832 23-JUN-16 /u02/app/oracle/orcl2/ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_cpo3rt7b_.dbf
4 Full 2158832 23-JUN-16 /u02/app/oracle/orcl2/ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_cpo3wy5w_.dbf
6 Full 2158832 23-JUN-16 /u02/app/oracle/orcl2/ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_users_cpo3wwsy_.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
2 Full 596.79M DISK 00:00:35 23-JUN-16
BP Key: 2 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20160623T202948
Piece Name: /u02/app/oracle/fra/ORCL2/35DECF1E89340D51E053C8C4A8C0F458/backupset/2016_06_23/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20160623T202948_cpqoojb6_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 2
Container ID: 3, PDB Name: ORCL2PDB
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
8 Full 2158067 23-JUN-16 /u02/app/oracle/orcl2/ORCL2/35DECF1E89340D51E053C8C4A8C0F458/datafile/o1_mf_system_cpo4636q_.dbf
9 Full 2158067 23-JUN-16 /u02/app/oracle/orcl2/ORCL2/35DECF1E89340D51E053C8C4A8C0F458/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_cpo46379_.dbf
10 Full 2158067 23-JUN-16 /u02/app/oracle/orcl2/ORCL2/35DECF1E89340D51E053C8C4A8C0F458/datafile/o1_mf_users_cpo472hm_.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
3 Full 596.74M DISK 00:00:23 23-JUN-16
BP Key: 3 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20160623T202948
Piece Name: /u02/app/oracle/fra/ORCL2/35DF89C6D1B814BAE053C8C4A8C09E79/backupset/2016_06_23/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20160623T202948_cpqopxm4_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 3
Container ID: 4, PDB Name: SALESPDB
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
11 Full 1949411 23-JUN-16 /u02/app/oracle/orcl2/ORCL2/35DF89C6D1B814BAE053C8C4A8C09E79/datafile/o1_mf_system_cpo77y1q_.dbf
12 Full 1949411 23-JUN-16 /u02/app/oracle/orcl2/ORCL2/35DF89C6D1B814BAE053C8C4A8C09E79/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_cpo77y22_.dbf
13 Full 1949411 23-JUN-16 /u02/app/oracle/orcl2/ORCL2/35DF89C6D1B814BAE053C8C4A8C09E79/datafile/o1_mf_users_cpo77y24_.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
4 Full 594.30M DISK 00:00:28 23-JUN-16
BP Key: 4 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20160623T202948
Piece Name: /u02/app/oracle/fra/ORCL2/35DEC3F899680A82E053C8C4A8C0792A/backupset/2016_06_23/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20160623T202948_cpqor18l_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 4
Container ID: 2, PDB Name: PDB$SEED
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
5 Full 1602940 22-JUN-16 /u02/app/oracle/orcl2/ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_system_cpo3yld2_.dbf
7 Full 1602940 22-JUN-16 /u02/app/oracle/orcl2/ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_cpo3ylcs_.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
5 Full 17.20M DISK 00:00:01 23-JUN-16
BP Key: 5 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20160623T203340
Piece Name: /u02/app/oracle/fra/ORCL2/autobackup/2016_06_23/o1_mf_s_915309220_cpqos5jo_.bkp
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 23-JUN-16
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL2
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 2158935 Ckp time: 23-JUN-16
查询故障时间点
SQL> alter session set nls_date_format=‘yyyymmdd hh24:mi:ss‘;
Session altered.
SQL> select sysdate from dual; SYSDATE ----------------- 20160623 20:43:02 SQL> drop table t1; Table dropped. SQL> select timestamp_to_scn(to_timestamp(‘20160623 20:43:02‘,‘yyyymmdd hh24:mi:ss‘)) from dual; TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN(TO_TIMESTAMP(‘2016062320:43:02‘,‘YYYYMMDDHH24:MI:SS‘)) ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 2159581
模拟数据库误操作:
SQL> drop table t1; Table dropped.
数据库恢复过程，一条命令搞定，过程大概是创建数据库辅助实例，恢复数据库备份到辅助实例，使用数据泵以scn为时间点导出表，再使用impdp工具导入到产品库。
RMAN> recover table wxc.t1 of pluggable database orcl2pdb until scn 2159581 auxiliary destination ‘/tmp/‘ datapump destination ‘/tmp‘;
Starting recover at 23-JUN-16
using channel ORA_DISK_1
RMAN-05026: WARNING: presuming following set of tablespaces applies to specified Point-in-Time
List of tablespaces expected to have UNDO segments
Tablespace SYSTEM
Tablespace UNDOTBS1
Creating automatic instance, with SID=‘EDud‘
initialization parameters used for automatic instance:
db_name=ORCL2
db_unique_name=EDud_pitr_orcl2pdb_ORCL2
compatible=12.1.0.2.0
db_block_size=8192
db_files=200
diagnostic_dest=/u01/app/oracle
_system_trig_enabled=FALSE
sga_target=1552M
processes=200
db_create_file_dest=/tmp/
log_archive_dest_1=‘location=/tmp/‘
enable_pluggable_database=true
_clone_one_pdb_recovery=true
#No auxiliary parameter file used
starting up automatic instance ORCL2
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 1627389952 bytes
Fixed Size 2924976 bytes
Variable Size 419434064 bytes
Database Buffers 1191182336 bytes
Redo Buffers 13848576 bytes
Automatic instance created
contents of Memory Script:
{
# set requested point in time
set until scn 2159581;
# restore the controlfile
restore clone controlfile;
# mount the controlfile
sql clone ‘alter database mount clone database‘;
# archive current online log
sql ‘alter system archive log current‘;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
Starting restore at 23-JUN-16
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=6 device type=DISK
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u02/app/oracle/fra/ORCL2/autobackup/2016_06_23/o1_mf_s_915309220_cpqos5jo_.bkp
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/u02/app/oracle/fra/ORCL2/autobackup/2016_06_23/o1_mf_s_915309220_cpqos5jo_.bkp tag=TAG20160623T203340
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
output file name=/tmp/ORCL2/controlfile/o1_mf_cpqq5qwd_.ctl
Finished restore at 23-JUN-16
sql statement: alter database mount clone database
sql statement: alter system archive log current
contents of Memory Script:
{
# set requested point in time
set until scn 2159581;
# set destinations for recovery set and auxiliary set datafiles
set newname for clone datafile 1 to new;
set newname for clone datafile 4 to new;
set newname for clone datafile 3 to new;
set newname for clone datafile 8 to new;
set newname for clone datafile 9 to new;
set newname for clone tempfile 1 to new;
set newname for clone tempfile 3 to new;
# switch all tempfiles
switch clone tempfile all;
# restore the tablespaces in the recovery set and the auxiliary set
restore clone datafile 1, 4, 3, 8, 9;
switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
renamed tempfile 1 to /tmp/ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_temp_%u_.tmp in control file
renamed tempfile 3 to /tmp/ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_temp_%u_.tmp in control file
Starting restore at 23-JUN-16
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /tmp/ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_system_%u_.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /tmp/ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_%u_.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /tmp/ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_%u_.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u02/app/oracle/fra/ORCL2/backupset/2016_06_23/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20160623T202948_cpqokwwn_.bkp
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/u02/app/oracle/fra/ORCL2/backupset/2016_06_23/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20160623T202948_cpqokwwn_.bkp tag=TAG20160623T202948
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:46
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00008 to /tmp/ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_system_%u_.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00009 to /tmp/ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_%u_.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u02/app/oracle/fra/ORCL2/35DECF1E89340D51E053C8C4A8C0F458/backupset/2016_06_23/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20160623T202948_cpqoojb6_.bkp
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/u02/app/oracle/fra/ORCL2/35DECF1E89340D51E053C8C4A8C0F458/backupset/2016_06_23/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20160623T202948_cpqoojb6_.bkp tag=TAG20160623T202948
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
Finished restore at 23-JUN-16
datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=8 STAMP=915310724 file name=/tmp/ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_system_cpqq5xym_.dbf
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=9 STAMP=915310724 file name=/tmp/ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_cpqq5xz1_.dbf
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=10 STAMP=915310724 file name=/tmp/ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_cpqq5xyw_.dbf
datafile 8 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=11 STAMP=915310724 file name=/tmp/ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_system_cpqq7cgq_.dbf
datafile 9 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=12 STAMP=915310724 file name=/tmp/ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_cpqq7cg6_.dbf
contents of Memory Script:
{
# set requested point in time
set until scn 2159581;
# online the datafiles restored or switched
sql clone "alter database datafile 1 online";
sql clone "alter database datafile 4 online";
sql clone "alter database datafile 3 online";
sql clone ‘ORCL2PDB‘ "alter database datafile
8 online";
sql clone ‘ORCL2PDB‘ "alter database datafile
9 online";
# recover and open database read only
recover clone database tablespace "SYSTEM", "UNDOTBS1", "SYSAUX", "ORCL2PDB":"SYSTEM", "ORCL2PDB":"SYSAUX";
sql clone ‘alter database open read only‘;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
sql statement: alter database datafile 1 online
sql statement: alter database datafile 4 online
sql statement: alter database datafile 3 online
sql statement: alter database datafile 8 online
sql statement: alter database datafile 9 online
Starting recover at 23-JUN-16
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 14 is already on disk as file /u02/app/oracle/fra/ORCL2/archivelog/2016_06_23/o1_mf_1_14_cpqq0t9z_.arc
archived log file name=/u02/app/oracle/fra/ORCL2/archivelog/2016_06_23/o1_mf_1_14_cpqq0t9z_.arc thread=1 sequence=14
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished recover at 23-JUN-16
sql statement: alter database open read only
contents of Memory Script:
{
sql clone ‘alter pluggable database ORCL2PDB open read only‘;
}
executing Memory Script
sql statement: alter pluggable database ORCL2PDB open read only
contents of Memory Script:
{
sql clone "create spfile from memory";
shutdown clone immediate;
startup clone nomount;
sql clone "alter system set control_files =
‘‘/tmp/ORCL2/controlfile/o1_mf_cpqq5qwd_.ctl‘‘ comment=
‘‘RMAN set‘‘ scope=spfile";
shutdown clone immediate;
startup clone nomount;
# mount database
sql clone ‘alter database mount clone database‘;
}
executing Memory Script
sql statement: create spfile from memory
database closed
database dismounted
Oracle instance shut down
connected to auxiliary database (not started)
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 1627389952 bytes
Fixed Size 2924976 bytes
Variable Size 436211280 bytes
Database Buffers 1174405120 bytes
Redo Buffers 13848576 bytes
sql statement: alter system set control_files = ‘‘/tmp/ORCL2/controlfile/o1_mf_cpqq5qwd_.ctl‘‘ comment= ‘‘RMAN set‘‘ scope=spfile
Oracle instance shut down
connected to auxiliary database (not started)
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 1627389952 bytes
Fixed Size 2924976 bytes
Variable Size 436211280 bytes
Database Buffers 1174405120 bytes
Redo Buffers 13848576 bytes
sql statement: alter database mount clone database
contents of Memory Script:
{
# set requested point in time
set until scn 2159581;
# set destinations for recovery set and auxiliary set datafiles
set newname for datafile 10 to new;
# restore the tablespaces in the recovery set and the auxiliary set
restore clone datafile 10;
switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
executing command: SET NEWNAME
Starting restore at 23-JUN-16
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=6 device type=DISK
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00010 to /tmp/EDUD_PITR_ORCL2PDB_ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_users_%u_.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u02/app/oracle/fra/ORCL2/35DECF1E89340D51E053C8C4A8C0F458/backupset/2016_06_23/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20160623T202948_cpqoojb6_.bkp
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/u02/app/oracle/fra/ORCL2/35DECF1E89340D51E053C8C4A8C0F458/backupset/2016_06_23/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20160623T202948_cpqoojb6_.bkp tag=TAG20160623T202948
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at 23-JUN-16
datafile 10 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=14 STAMP=915310782 file name=/tmp/EDUD_PITR_ORCL2PDB_ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_users_cpqq9xdn_.dbf
contents of Memory Script:
{
# set requested point in time
set until scn 2159581;
# online the datafiles restored or switched
sql clone ‘ORCL2PDB‘ "alter database datafile
10 online";
# recover and open resetlogs
recover clone database tablespace "ORCL2PDB":"USERS", "SYSTEM", "UNDOTBS1", "SYSAUX", "ORCL2PDB":"SYSTEM", "ORCL2PDB":"SYSAUX" delete archivelog;
alter clone database open resetlogs;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
sql statement: alter database datafile 10 online
Starting recover at 23-JUN-16
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 14 is already on disk as file /u02/app/oracle/fra/ORCL2/archivelog/2016_06_23/o1_mf_1_14_cpqq0t9z_.arc
archived log file name=/u02/app/oracle/fra/ORCL2/archivelog/2016_06_23/o1_mf_1_14_cpqq0t9z_.arc thread=1 sequence=14
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
Finished recover at 23-JUN-16
database opened
contents of Memory Script:
{
sql clone ‘alter pluggable database ORCL2PDB open‘;
}
executing Memory Script
sql statement: alter pluggable database ORCL2PDB open
contents of Memory Script:
{
# create directory for datapump import
sql ‘ORCL2PDB‘ "create or replace directory
TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as ‘‘
/tmp‘‘";
# create directory for datapump export
sql clone ‘ORCL2PDB‘ "create or replace directory
TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as ‘‘
/tmp‘‘";
}
executing Memory Script
sql statement: create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as ‘‘/tmp‘‘
sql statement: create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as ‘‘/tmp‘‘
Performing export of tables...
EXPDP> Starting "SYS"."TSPITR_EXP_EDud_bamw":
EXPDP> Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...
EXPDP> Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
EXPDP> Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 64 KB
EXPDP> Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
EXPDP> Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS
EXPDP> Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/MARKER
EXPDP> . . exported "WXC"."T1" 5.046 KB 1 rows
EXPDP> Master table "SYS"."TSPITR_EXP_EDud_bamw" successfully loaded/unloaded
EXPDP> ******************************************************************************
EXPDP> Dump file set for SYS.TSPITR_EXP_EDud_bamw is:
EXPDP> /tmp/tspitr_EDud_26521.dmp
EXPDP> Job "SYS"."TSPITR_EXP_EDud_bamw" successfully completed at Thu Jun 23 21:00:28 2016 elapsed 0 00:00:18
Export completed
contents of Memory Script:
{
# shutdown clone before import
shutdown clone abort
}
executing Memory Script
Oracle instance shut down
Performing import of tables...
IMPDP> Master table "SYS"."TSPITR_IMP_EDud_nbEc" successfully loaded/unloaded
IMPDP> Starting "SYS"."TSPITR_IMP_EDud_nbEc":
IMPDP> Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
IMPDP> Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
IMPDP> . . imported "WXC"."T1" 5.046 KB 1 rows
IMPDP> Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS
IMPDP> Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/MARKER
IMPDP> Job "SYS"."TSPITR_IMP_EDud_nbEc" successfully completed at Thu Jun 23 21:00:42 2016 elapsed 0 00:00:05
Import completed
Removing automatic instance
Automatic instance removed
auxiliary instance file /tmp/ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_temp_cpqq8f81_.tmp deleted
auxiliary instance file /tmp/ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_temp_cpqq87tr_.tmp deleted
auxiliary instance file /tmp/EDUD_PITR_ORCL2PDB_ORCL2/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_cpqqb1o4_.log deleted
auxiliary instance file /tmp/EDUD_PITR_ORCL2PDB_ORCL2/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_cpqqb0hh_.log deleted
auxiliary instance file /tmp/EDUD_PITR_ORCL2PDB_ORCL2/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_cpqq9zfj_.log deleted
auxiliary instance file /tmp/EDUD_PITR_ORCL2PDB_ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_users_cpqq9xdn_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /tmp/ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_cpqq7cg6_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /tmp/ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_system_cpqq7cgq_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /tmp/ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_cpqq5xyw_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /tmp/ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_cpqq5xz1_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /tmp/ORCL2/datafile/o1_mf_system_cpqq5xym_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /tmp/ORCL2/controlfile/o1_mf_cpqq5qwd_.ctl deleted
auxiliary instance file tspitr_EDud_26521.dmp deleted
Finished recover at 23-JUN-16
至此，整个恢复过程就结束了，类似于表空间时间点恢复，但是更加灵活和便捷。
检查恢复后的表
SQL> select count(*) from t1; COUNT(*) ---------- 1
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原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/wangxingc/p/5612100.html
