形态学操作实现

%本实验完成对二值图像和灰度图像的腐蚀、膨胀、开、闭操作
close all;
clear all;
grayI = imread(‘rice.png‘);
binI=im2bw(grayI,0.5);%转二值图
se = [0,1,0;1,1,1;0,1,0]; %结构元
binIerode  = myimerode(binI,se,‘binary‘);
binIdilate = myimdilate(binI,se,‘binary‘);
binIopen   = myimopen(binI,se,‘binary‘);
binIclose  = myimclose(binI,se,‘binary‘);
grayIerode = myimerode(grayI,se,‘gray‘);
grayIdilate= myimdilate(grayI,se,‘gray‘);
grayIopen  = myimopen(grayI,se,‘gray‘);
grayIclose = myimclose(grayI,se,‘gray‘);
figure;
subplot(2,3,1);imshow(binI);title(‘原始二值图‘);
subplot(2,3,2);imshow(binIerode);title(‘腐蚀结果‘);
subplot(2,3,3);imshow(binIdilate);title(‘膨胀结果‘);
subplot(2,3,4);imshow(binIopen);title(‘开结果‘);
subplot(2,3,5);imshow(binIclose);title(‘闭结果‘)
figure;
subplot(2,3,1);imshow(grayI);title(‘原始灰度图‘);
subplot(2,3,2);imshow(uint8(grayIerode));title(‘腐蚀结果‘);
subplot(2,3,3);imshow(uint8(grayIdilate));title(‘膨胀结果‘);
subplot(2,3,4);imshow(uint8(grayIopen));title(‘开结果‘);
subplot(2,3,5);imshow(uint8(grayIclose));title(‘闭结果‘);
 

function O=myimclose(I,se,type)
%%闭操作
%I:输入图像(二值或灰度)
%se:结构元
%type:图像类型(gray、binary)
%O:闭操作结果
O=myimerode(myimdilate(I,se,type),se,type);

function O=myimopen(I,se,type)
%开操作
%I:输入图像(二值或灰度)
%se:结构元
%type:图像类型(gray、binary)
%O:开操作结果
O=myimdilate(myimerode(I,se,type),se,type);

function O=myimerode(I,se,type)
%%腐蚀操作
%I:输入图像(二值或灰度)
%se:结构元
%type:图像类型(gray、binary)
%O:腐蚀操作结果
O=zeros(size(I));
[r,c]=size(I);
[m,n]=size(se);
lm=floor((m-1)/2);
ln=floor((n-1)/2);
rm=m-lm-1;
rn=n-ln-1;
orgm=lm+1;%结构元原点
orgn=ln+1;
if(strcmp(type,‘binary‘))%二值图像
    for i=1:r
        for j=1:c
            indexr=max(1,i-lm):min(r,i+rm);%边界处理
            indexc=max(1,j-ln):min(c,j+rn);
            if(sum(sum(se(indexr-i+orgm,indexc-j+orgn)&I(indexr,indexc)))==sum(sum(se(indexr-i+orgm,indexc-j+orgn))))
                O(i,j)=1;
            end
        end
    end
end
if(strcmp(type,‘gray‘))%灰度图像
    I=double(I);
    for i=1:r
        for j=1:c
            indexr=max(1,i-lm):min(r,i+rm);%边界处理
            indexc=max(1,j-ln):min(c,j+rn);
            O(i,j)=min(min(I(indexr,indexc)-se(indexr-i+orgm,indexc-j+orgn)));
        end
    end
end

function O=myimdilate(I,se,type)
%%膨胀操作
%I:输入图像(二值或灰度)
%se:结构元
%type:图像类型(gray、binary)
%O:膨胀操作结果
se=reflect(se);%结构元反射
O=zeros(size(I));
[r,c]=size(I);
[m,n]=size(se);
lm=floor(m/2);%区别于erode
ln=floor(n/2);
rm=m-lm-1;
rn=n-ln-1;
orgm=lm+1;%结构元原点
orgn=ln+1;
if(strcmp(type,‘binary‘))%二值图像
    for i=1:r
        for j=1:c
            indexr=max(1,i-lm):min(r,i+rm);%边界处理
            indexc=max(1,j-ln):min(c,j+rn);
            if(sum(sum(se(indexr-i+orgm,indexc-j+orgn)&I(indexr,indexc)))>=1)
                O(i,j)=1;
            end
        end
    end
end
if(strcmp(type,‘gray‘))%灰度图像
    I=double(I);
    for i=1:r
        for j=1:c
            indexr=max(1,i-lm):min(r,i+rm);%边界处理
            indexc=max(1,j-ln):min(c,j+rn);
            O(i,j)=max(max(I(indexr,indexc)+se(indexr-i+orgm,indexc-j+orgn)));
        end
    end
end

function newse=reflect(se)
%%结构元反射操作
%se:输入结构元
%newse:反射后结构元
[m,n]=size(se);
newse=zeros(m,n);
for i=1:m
    for j=1:n
        newse(i,j)=se(m+1-i,n+1-j);
    end
end