优先队列原理与实现

package priorityheap;

import java.util.Arrays;

/**
 * 优先队列类（最大优先队列）
 */
public class PriorityHeap {

    // ------------------------------ Instance Variables

    private int[] arr;
    private int size;

    // ------------------------------ Constructors

    /**
     * 优先队列数组默认大小为64
     */
    public PriorityHeap() {
        this(64);
    }

    public PriorityHeap(int initSize) {
        if (initSize <= 0) {
            initSize = 64;
        }
        this.arr = new int[initSize];
        this.size = 0;
    }

    // ------------------------------ Public methods

    public int max() {
        return this.arr[0];
    }

    public int maxAndRemove() {
        int t = max();

        this.arr[0] = this.arr[--size];
        sink(0, this.arr[0]);
        return t;
    }
    public void add(int data) {
        resize(1);
        this.arr[size++] = data;
        pop(size - 1, data);
    }

    // ------------------------------ Private methods

    /**
     * key下沉方法
     */
    private void sink(int i, int key) {
        while (2 * i <= this.size - 1) {
            int child = 2 * i;
            if (child < this.size - 1 && this.arr[child] < this.arr[child + 1]) {
                child++;
            }
            if (this.arr[i] >= this.arr[child]) {
                break;
            }

            swap(i, child);
            i = child;
        }
    }

    /**
     * key上浮方法
     */
    private void pop(int i, int key) {
        while (i > 0) {
            int parent = i / 2;
            if (this.arr[i] <= this.arr[parent]) {
                break;
            }
            swap(i, parent);
            i = parent;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 重新调整数组大小
     */
    private void resize(int increaseSize) {
        if ((this.size + increaseSize) > this.arr.length) {
            int newSize = (this.size + increaseSize) > 2 * this.arr.length ? (this.size + increaseSize) : 2 * this.arr.length;
            int[] t = this.arr;

            this.arr = Arrays.copyOf(t, newSize);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Swaps arr[a] with arr[b].
     */
    private void swap(int a, int b) {
        int t = this.arr[a];
        this.arr[a] = this.arr[b];
        this.arr[b] = t;
    }
}