标签：
1、VNC简介
VNC采用RFB通信协议。RFB("remote 帧缓存")是一个远程图形用户的简单协议，因为它工作在帧缓存级别上。VNC（Virtual Network Computing）基本上是属于一种显示系统,也就是说它能将完整的窗口界面通过网络,传输到另一台计算机的屏幕上.
独特的计算环境
RFB协议可进行可靠的传输，如字节流或基于消息的。和大多数协议一样，它也是通过TCP/IP协议簇连接。
协议由三步完成连接：
首先是握手报文，目的是对协议版本和加密方式进行协商。
第二步是初始化报文，主要用于客户和服务器的初始化消息。
最后就是正常握手始于服务器向客户发送协议版本的消息，告知客户服务器所能支持RFB 协议的最高版本号。此时客户端会发送相似的消息告诉服务器将要使用的协议版本。客户端不应该请求高于服务器的协议版本。如此一来就给客户和服务器端提供了一种向后兼容机制。
一旦协议版本被确定，服务器和客户端必须一致同意连接的安全类型。服务器发送所支持的安全类型，当客户端支持服务器的某一种安全类型，客户端选择这种安全认证类型并发送给服务器。否则客户端发送失败，并标识出失败原因。
安全认证
安全认证有多种，有一种为VNC安全认证，当用VNC认证的时候，协议数据采用明文发送，服务器发送一个16字节的随机数验证给客户端，客户端用DES对验证进行加密，用用户密码作为密钥回复给服务器16字节，这时服务器会返回安全结果给客户端。如果成功就进入初始化报文阶段。不成功就关闭连接。
当安全认证成功后，客户端会发送客户端是否共享服务器初始化报文，当客户端设置报文为可共享时，服务器查看当前配置是否允许共享连接，如果同意，则不关闭之前连接的客户端，否则断开之前连接的客户端。
这时服务器会发送客户端初始化信息。这些信息包括：服务器上帧缓存的高宽，像素格式还有与桌面相关的名称，其中服务器象素定义服务器本来的象素格式，这种象素格式会被一直使用，除非客户端使用设置象素格式消息来请求另一种象素格式。
至此初始化报文阶段完成，进入协议交互阶段。
协议交互分为客户到服务器消息和服务器到客户消息。
2、UltraVNC、TightVNC、RealVNC联系与比较：
RealVNC：由VNC團隊部份成員開發，分為全功能商业版和免费版。RealVNC只提供旧版本的源码。
TightVNC：強調節省頻寬使用。
UltraVNC：加入了TightVNC的部份程式及加強效能的图形映射驱动程式，并結合Active Directory及NTLM的账号密码认证，但仅仅有Windows版本。UltraVNC每更新一个版本都会随之附加最新版源码。
3、RFB协议详解
RFB协议，用于VNC（VIRTUAL NETWORK COMPUTING）连接。
RFB协议可以通过字节流或数据报发送。换言之，TCP UDP都是可以的，不过，我们大多喜欢可靠的连接TCP。
协议的基本数据类型有：U8, U16, U32, S8, S16, S32，U代表UNSIGNED，S代表SIGNED
详见：http://mnstory.net/2013/09/rfc6143-rfb-protocol-for-vnc/
提供一份Android客户端RFB协议的源码，结合上述连接里的RFB协议详解，加深感官认识：
package android.androidVNC;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import android.util.Log;
/**
* 通过Socket访问RFB协议
* <p>
* 该类定义了RFB协议中帧缓存（framebuffer）更新和输入事件。
*
*/
class RfbProto {
final static String TAG = "RfbProto";
// RFB协议的版本号
final static String versionMsg_3_3 = "RFB 003.003\n",
versionMsg_3_7 = "RFB 003.007\n", versionMsg_3_8 = "RFB 003.008\n";
// 供应商签名: standard VNC/RealVNC, TridiaVNC, and TightVNC
final static String StandardVendor = "STDV", TridiaVncVendor = "TRDV",
TightVncVendor = "TGHT";
// 安全类型（Security types）
final static int SecTypeInvalid = 0, SecTypeNone = 1, SecTypeVncAuth = 2,
SecTypeTight = 16, SecTypeUltra34 = 0xfffffffa;
// 支持的通道类型（Supported tunneling types）
final static int NoTunneling = 0;
final static String SigNoTunneling = "NOTUNNEL";
// 支持的验证类型（Supported authentication types）
final static int AuthNone = 1, AuthVNC = 2, AuthUnixLogin = 129,
AuthUltra = 17;
final static String SigAuthNone = "NOAUTH__", SigAuthVNC = "VNCAUTH_",
SigAuthUnixLogin = "ULGNAUTH";
// VNC认证结果（ VNC authentication results）
final static int VncAuthOK = 0, VncAuthFailed = 1, VncAuthTooMany = 2;
// Server-to-client messages
final static int FramebufferUpdate = 0, SetColourMapEntries = 1, Bell = 2,
ServerCutText = 3, TextChat = 11;
// Client-to-server messages
final static int SetPixelFormat = 0, FixColourMapEntries = 1,
SetEncodings = 2, FramebufferUpdateRequest = 3, KeyboardEvent = 4,
PointerEvent = 5, ClientCutText = 6;
// 支持的编码和伪编码（Supported encodings and pseudo-encodings）
final static int EncodingRaw = 0, EncodingCopyRect = 1, EncodingRRE = 2,
EncodingCoRRE = 4, EncodingHextile = 5, EncodingZlib = 6,
EncodingTight = 7, EncodingZRLE = 16,
EncodingCompressLevel0 = 0xFFFFFF00,
EncodingQualityLevel0 = 0xFFFFFFE0, EncodingXCursor = 0xFFFFFF10,
EncodingRichCursor = 0xFFFFFF11, EncodingPointerPos = 0xFFFFFF18,
EncodingLastRect = 0xFFFFFF20, EncodingNewFBSize = 0xFFFFFF21;
final static String SigEncodingRaw = "RAW_____",
SigEncodingCopyRect = "COPYRECT", SigEncodingRRE = "RRE_____",
SigEncodingCoRRE = "CORRE___", SigEncodingHextile = "HEXTILE_",
SigEncodingZlib = "ZLIB____", SigEncodingTight = "TIGHT___",
SigEncodingZRLE = "ZRLE____",
SigEncodingCompressLevel0 = "COMPRLVL",
SigEncodingQualityLevel0 = "JPEGQLVL",
SigEncodingXCursor = "X11CURSR",
SigEncodingRichCursor = "RCHCURSR",
SigEncodingPointerPos = "POINTPOS",
SigEncodingLastRect = "LASTRECT",
SigEncodingNewFBSize = "NEWFBSIZ";
final static int MaxNormalEncoding = 255;
// 在Hextile解码器中用到的常量（Contstants used in the Hextile decoder）
final static int HextileRaw = 1, HextileBackgroundSpecified = 2,
HextileForegroundSpecified = 4, HextileAnySubrects = 8,
HextileSubrectsColoured = 16;
// 在Tight解码器中用到的常量（Contstants used in the Tight decoder）
final static int TightMinToCompress = 12;
final static int TightExplicitFilter = 0x04, TightFill = 0x08,
TightJpeg = 0x09, TightMaxSubencoding = 0x09,
TightFilterCopy = 0x00, TightFilterPalette = 0x01,
TightFilterGradient = 0x02;
// 用与UltraVNC“交流”扩展的常量（Constants used for UltraVNC chat extension）
final static int CHAT_OPEN = -1, CHAT_CLOSE = -2, CHAT_FINISHED = -3;
String host; // 服务端IP
int port; // 服务端密码
Socket sock; // 与服务端通信的Socket
DataInputStream is; // 数据输入流
OutputStream os; // 数据输出流
DH dh;
long dh_resp;
// - SessionRecorder rec;
boolean inNormalProtocol = false;
// - VncViewer viewer;
// Java on UNIX does not call keyPressed() on some keys, for example
// swedish keys To prevent our workaround to produce duplicate
// keypresses on JVMs that actually works, keep track of if
// keyPressed() for a "broken" key was called or not.
boolean brokenKeyPressed = false;
// 在第一次包含Zlib-, ZRLE-或者Tight编码的数据的framebuffer更新时被设置为true
// This will be set to true on the first framebuffer update
// containing Zlib-, ZRLE- or Tight-encoded data.
boolean wereZlibUpdates = false;
// This will be set to false if the startSession() was called after
// we have received at least one Zlib-, ZRLE- or Tight-encoded
// framebuffer update.
boolean recordFromBeginning = true;
// This fields are needed to show warnings about inefficiently saved
// sessions only once per each saved session file.
boolean zlibWarningShown;
boolean tightWarningShown;
// Before starting to record each saved session, we set this field
// to 0, and increment on each framebuffer update. We don't flush
// the SessionRecorder data into the file before the second update.
// This allows us to write initial framebuffer update with zero
// timestamp, to let the player show initial desktop before
// playback.
int numUpdatesInSession;
// 测量网络的吞吐量（Measuring network throughput）
boolean timing;
long timeWaitedIn100us;
long timedKbits;
// 协议版本和TightVNC特殊的协议选项（Protocol version and TightVNC-specific protocol
// options.）
int serverMajor, serverMinor;
int clientMajor, clientMinor;
boolean protocolTightVNC;
CapsContainer tunnelCaps, authCaps;
CapsContainer serverMsgCaps, clientMsgCaps;
CapsContainer encodingCaps;
// RFB Socket关闭（If true, informs that the RFB socket was closed.）
private boolean closed;
// Constructor. Make TCP connection to RFB server.
// 构造函数————用TCP连接到RFB服务器
// -RfbProto(String h, int p, VncViewer v) throws IOException {
RfbProto(String h, int p) throws IOException {
// - viewer = v;
host = h;
port = p;
sock = new Socket(host, port);
is = new DataInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(sock.getInputStream(),
16384));
os = sock.getOutputStream();
timing = false;
timeWaitedIn100us = 5;
timedKbits = 0;
}
// 关闭
synchronized void close() {
try {
sock.close();
closed = true;
Log.v(TAG, "RFB socket closed");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
synchronized boolean closed() {
return closed;
}
// Read server's protocol version message
// 读取服务器的协议版本
void readVersionMsg() throws Exception {
byte[] b = new byte[12];
readFully(b);
if ((b[0] != 'R') || (b[1] != 'F') || (b[2] != 'B') || (b[3] != ' ')
|| (b[4] < '0') || (b[4] > '9') || (b[5] < '0') || (b[5] > '9')
|| (b[6] < '0') || (b[6] > '9') || (b[7] != '.')
|| (b[8] < '0') || (b[8] > '9') || (b[9] < '0') || (b[9] > '9')
|| (b[10] < '0') || (b[10] > '9') || (b[11] != '\n')) {
Log.i(TAG, new String(b));
throw new Exception("Host " + host + " port " + port
+ " is not an RFB server");
}
serverMajor = (b[4] - '0') * 100 + (b[5] - '0') * 10 + (b[6] - '0');
serverMinor = (b[8] - '0') * 100 + (b[9] - '0') * 10 + (b[10] - '0');
if (serverMajor < 3) {
throw new Exception(
"RFB server does not support protocol version 3");
}
}
// Write our protocol version message
// 写入我们客户端的协议版本
synchronized void writeVersionMsg() throws IOException {
clientMajor = 3;
if (serverMajor > 3 || serverMinor >= 8) {
clientMinor = 8;
os.write(versionMsg_3_8.getBytes());
} else if (serverMinor >= 7) {
clientMinor = 7;
os.write(versionMsg_3_7.getBytes());
} else {
clientMinor = 3;
os.write(versionMsg_3_3.getBytes());
}
protocolTightVNC = false;
}
// Negotiate the authentication scheme.
// 协商认证方案
int negotiateSecurity(int bitPref) throws Exception {
return (clientMinor >= 7) ? selectSecurityType(bitPref)
: readSecurityType(bitPref);
}
//
// Read security type from the server (protocol version 3.3).
// 读取服务器的安全类型
int readSecurityType(int bitPref) throws Exception {
int secType = is.readInt();
switch (secType) {
case SecTypeInvalid:
readConnFailedReason();
return SecTypeInvalid; // should never be executed
case SecTypeNone:
case SecTypeVncAuth:
return secType;
case SecTypeUltra34:
if ((bitPref & 1) == 1)
return secType;
throw new Exception("Username required.");
default:
throw new Exception("Unknown security type from RFB server: "
+ secType);
}
}
//
// Select security type from the server's list (protocol versions 3.7/3.8).
// 从服务器的列表中读取安全类型
int selectSecurityType(int bitPref) throws Exception {
int secType = SecTypeInvalid;
// Read the list of security types.
int nSecTypes = is.readUnsignedByte();
if (nSecTypes == 0) {
readConnFailedReason();
return SecTypeInvalid; // should never be executed
}
byte[] secTypes = new byte[nSecTypes];
readFully(secTypes);
// Find out if the server supports TightVNC protocol extensions
// 查明服务器是否支持TightVNC协议的扩展
for (int i = 0; i < nSecTypes; i++) {
if (secTypes[i] == SecTypeTight) {
protocolTightVNC = true;
os.write(SecTypeTight);
return SecTypeTight;
}
}
// Find first supported security type.
// 找到第一个支持的安全类型
for (int i = 0; i < nSecTypes; i++) {
if (secTypes[i] == SecTypeNone || secTypes[i] == SecTypeVncAuth) {
secType = secTypes[i];
break;
}
}
if (secType == SecTypeInvalid) {
throw new Exception("Server did not offer supported security type");
} else {
os.write(secType);
}
return secType;
}
//
// Perform "no authentication".
// 执行“无认证”
void authenticateNone() throws Exception {
if (clientMinor >= 8)
readSecurityResult("No authentication");
}
//
// Perform standard VNC Authentication.
// 执行标准VNC认证
void authenticateVNC(String pw) throws Exception {
byte[] challenge = new byte[16];
readFully(challenge);
if (pw.length() > 8)
pw = pw.substring(0, 8); // Truncate to 8 chars
// Truncate password on the first zero byte.
int firstZero = pw.indexOf(0);
if (firstZero != -1)
pw = pw.substring(0, firstZero);
byte[] key = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
System.arraycopy(pw.getBytes(), 0, key, 0, pw.length());
DesCipher des = new DesCipher(key);
des.encrypt(challenge, 0, challenge, 0);
des.encrypt(challenge, 8, challenge, 8);
os.write(challenge);
readSecurityResult("VNC authentication");
}
//
// Read security result.
// Throws an exception on authentication failure.
// 读取安全结果，如果认证失败抛出异常。
void readSecurityResult(String authType) throws Exception {
int securityResult = is.readInt();
switch (securityResult) {
case VncAuthOK:
System.out.println(authType + ": success");
break;
case VncAuthFailed:
if (clientMinor >= 8)
readConnFailedReason();
throw new Exception(authType + ": failed");
case VncAuthTooMany:
throw new Exception(authType + ": failed, too many tries");
default:
throw new Exception(authType + ": unknown result " + securityResult);
}
}
//
// Read the string describing the reason for a connection failure,
// and throw an exception.
// 读取描述连接失败的原因
void readConnFailedReason() throws Exception {
int reasonLen = is.readInt();
byte[] reason = new byte[reasonLen];
readFully(reason);
String reasonString = new String(reason);
Log.v(TAG, reasonString);
throw new Exception(reasonString);
}
// 在各方之间交换秘钥时会用到DH类（即使第三方偷听者获取到了传输的值，也不能得到秘钥）
void prepareDH() throws Exception {
long gen = is.readLong();
long mod = is.readLong();
dh_resp = is.readLong();
dh = new DH(gen, mod);
long pub = dh.createInterKey();
os.write(DH.longToBytes(pub));
}
void authenticateDH(String us, String pw) throws Exception {
long key = dh.createEncryptionKey(dh_resp);
DesCipher des = new DesCipher(DH.longToBytes(key));
byte user[] = new byte[256];
byte passwd[] = new byte[64];
int i;
System.arraycopy(us.getBytes(), 0, user, 0, us.length());
if (us.length() < 256) {
for (i = us.length(); i < 256; i++) {
user[i] = 0;
}
}
System.arraycopy(pw.getBytes(), 0, passwd, 0, pw.length());
if (pw.length() < 64) {
for (i = pw.length(); i < 64; i++) {
passwd[i] = 0;
}
}
des.encryptText(user, user, DH.longToBytes(key));
des.encryptText(passwd, passwd, DH.longToBytes(key));
os.write(user);
os.write(passwd);
readSecurityResult("VNC authentication");
}
//
// Initialize capability lists (TightVNC protocol extensions).
// 初始化容量列表（TightVNC协议的扩展）
void initCapabilities() {
tunnelCaps = new CapsContainer();
authCaps = new CapsContainer();
serverMsgCaps = new CapsContainer();
clientMsgCaps = new CapsContainer();
encodingCaps = new CapsContainer();
// Supported authentication methods
// 支持的认证类型
authCaps.add(AuthNone, StandardVendor, SigAuthNone, "No authentication");
authCaps.add(AuthVNC, StandardVendor, SigAuthVNC,
"Standard VNC password authentication");
// Supported encoding types
// 支持的编码类型
encodingCaps.add(EncodingCopyRect, StandardVendor, SigEncodingCopyRect,
"Standard CopyRect encoding");
encodingCaps.add(EncodingRRE, StandardVendor, SigEncodingRRE,
"Standard RRE encoding");
encodingCaps.add(EncodingCoRRE, StandardVendor, SigEncodingCoRRE,
"Standard CoRRE encoding");
encodingCaps.add(EncodingHextile, StandardVendor, SigEncodingHextile,
"Standard Hextile encoding");
encodingCaps.add(EncodingZRLE, StandardVendor, SigEncodingZRLE,
"Standard ZRLE encoding");
encodingCaps.add(EncodingZlib, TridiaVncVendor, SigEncodingZlib,
"Zlib encoding");
encodingCaps.add(EncodingTight, TightVncVendor, SigEncodingTight,
"Tight encoding");
// Supported pseudo-encoding types
// 支持的伪编码类型
encodingCaps.add(EncodingCompressLevel0, TightVncVendor,
SigEncodingCompressLevel0, "Compression level");
encodingCaps.add(EncodingQualityLevel0, TightVncVendor,
SigEncodingQualityLevel0, "JPEG quality level");
encodingCaps.add(EncodingXCursor, TightVncVendor, SigEncodingXCursor,
"X-style cursor shape update");
encodingCaps.add(EncodingRichCursor, TightVncVendor,
SigEncodingRichCursor, "Rich-color cursor shape update");
encodingCaps.add(EncodingPointerPos, TightVncVendor,
SigEncodingPointerPos, "Pointer position update");
encodingCaps.add(EncodingLastRect, TightVncVendor, SigEncodingLastRect,
"LastRect protocol extension");
encodingCaps.add(EncodingNewFBSize, TightVncVendor,
SigEncodingNewFBSize, "Framebuffer size change");
}
//
// Setup tunneling (TightVNC protocol extensions)
// 设置通道（TightVNC协议的扩展）
void setupTunneling() throws IOException {
int nTunnelTypes = is.readInt();
if (nTunnelTypes != 0) {
readCapabilityList(tunnelCaps, nTunnelTypes);
// We don't support tunneling yet.
writeInt(NoTunneling);
}
}
//
// Negotiate authentication scheme (TightVNC protocol extensions)
// 协商认证方案（TightVNC协议的扩展）
int negotiateAuthenticationTight() throws Exception {
int nAuthTypes = is.readInt();
if (nAuthTypes == 0)
return AuthNone;
readCapabilityList(authCaps, nAuthTypes);
for (int i = 0; i < authCaps.numEnabled(); i++) {
int authType = authCaps.getByOrder(i);
if (authType == AuthNone || authType == AuthVNC) {
writeInt(authType);
return authType;
}
}
throw new Exception("No suitable authentication scheme found");
}
//
// Read a capability list (TightVNC protocol extensions)
// 读容量列表（TightVNC协议的扩展）
void readCapabilityList(CapsContainer caps, int count) throws IOException {
int code;
byte[] vendor = new byte[4];
byte[] name = new byte[8];
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
code = is.readInt();
readFully(vendor);
readFully(name);
caps.enable(new CapabilityInfo(code, vendor, name));
}
}
//
// Write a 32-bit integer into the output stream.
// 向输出流切一个32位的整数
byte[] writeIntBuffer = new byte[4];
void writeInt(int value) throws IOException {
writeIntBuffer[0] = (byte) ((value >> 24) & 0xff);
writeIntBuffer[1] = (byte) ((value >> 16) & 0xff);
writeIntBuffer[2] = (byte) ((value >> 8) & 0xff);
writeIntBuffer[3] = (byte) (value & 0xff);
os.write(writeIntBuffer);
}
//
// Write the client initialisation message
// 写入客户端初始化信息
void writeClientInit() throws IOException {
os.write(0);
}
//
// Read the server initialisation message
// 读取服务器初始化信息
String desktopName;
int framebufferWidth, framebufferHeight;
int bitsPerPixel, depth;
boolean bigEndian, trueColour;
int redMax, greenMax, blueMax, redShift, greenShift, blueShift;
void readServerInit() throws IOException {
framebufferWidth = is.readUnsignedShort();
framebufferHeight = is.readUnsignedShort();
bitsPerPixel = is.readUnsignedByte();
depth = is.readUnsignedByte();
bigEndian = (is.readUnsignedByte() != 0);
trueColour = (is.readUnsignedByte() != 0);
redMax = is.readUnsignedShort();
greenMax = is.readUnsignedShort();
blueMax = is.readUnsignedShort();
redShift = is.readUnsignedByte();
greenShift = is.readUnsignedByte();
blueShift = is.readUnsignedByte();
byte[] pad = new byte[3];
readFully(pad);
int nameLength = is.readInt();
byte[] name = new byte[nameLength];
readFully(name);
desktopName = new String(name);
// Read interaction capabilities (TightVNC protocol extensions)
// 读取交互能力（TightVNC协议的扩展）
if (protocolTightVNC) {
int nServerMessageTypes = is.readUnsignedShort();
int nClientMessageTypes = is.readUnsignedShort();
int nEncodingTypes = is.readUnsignedShort();
is.readUnsignedShort();
readCapabilityList(serverMsgCaps, nServerMessageTypes);
readCapabilityList(clientMsgCaps, nClientMessageTypes);
readCapabilityList(encodingCaps, nEncodingTypes);
}
inNormalProtocol = true;
}
//
// Set new framebuffer size
// 设置新的帧缓存framebuffer的大小
void setFramebufferSize(int width, int height) {
framebufferWidth = width;
framebufferHeight = height;
}
//
// Read the server message type
// 读取服务器消息类型
int readServerMessageType() throws IOException {
int msgType = is.readUnsignedByte();
return msgType;
}
//
// Read a FramebufferUpdate message
// 读取一个更新帧缓存的消息
int updateNRects;
void readFramebufferUpdate() throws IOException {
is.readByte();
updateNRects = is.readUnsignedShort();
// If the session is being recorded:
/*-
if (rec != null) {
rec.writeByte(FramebufferUpdate);
rec.writeByte(0);
rec.writeShortBE(updateNRects);
}
*/
numUpdatesInSession++;
}
// Read a FramebufferUpdate rectangle header
// 读取一个更新帧缓存矩形的首部
int updateRectX, updateRectY, updateRectW, updateRectH, updateRectEncoding;
void readFramebufferUpdateRectHdr() throws Exception {
updateRectX = is.readUnsignedShort();
updateRectY = is.readUnsignedShort();
updateRectW = is.readUnsignedShort();
updateRectH = is.readUnsignedShort();
updateRectEncoding = is.readInt();
if (updateRectEncoding == EncodingZlib
|| updateRectEncoding == EncodingZRLE
|| updateRectEncoding == EncodingTight)
wereZlibUpdates = true;
if (updateRectEncoding != RfbProto.EncodingPointerPos
&& (updateRectEncoding < 0 || updateRectEncoding > MaxNormalEncoding))
return;
if (updateRectX + updateRectW > framebufferWidth
|| updateRectY + updateRectH > framebufferHeight) {
throw new Exception("Framebuffer update rectangle too large: "
+ updateRectW + "x" + updateRectH + " at (" + updateRectX
+ "," + updateRectY + ")");
}
}
// Read CopyRect source X and Y.
//
int copyRectSrcX, copyRectSrcY;
void readCopyRect() throws IOException {
copyRectSrcX = is.readUnsignedShort();
copyRectSrcY = is.readUnsignedShort();
}
//
// Read a ServerCutText message
//
String readServerCutText() throws IOException {
byte[] pad = new byte[3];
readFully(pad);
int len = is.readInt();
byte[] text = new byte[len];
readFully(text);
return new String(text);
}
//
// Read an integer in compact representation (1..3 bytes).
// Such format is used as a part of the Tight encoding.
// Also, this method records data if session recording is active and
// the viewer's recordFromBeginning variable is set to true.
//
int readCompactLen() throws IOException {
int[] portion = new int[3];
portion[0] = is.readUnsignedByte();
int byteCount = 1;
int len = portion[0] & 0x7F;
if ((portion[0] & 0x80) != 0) {
portion[1] = is.readUnsignedByte();
byteCount++;
len |= (portion[1] & 0x7F) << 7;
if ((portion[1] & 0x80) != 0) {
portion[2] = is.readUnsignedByte();
byteCount++;
len |= (portion[2] & 0xFF) << 14;
}
}
/*-
if (rec != null && recordFromBeginning)
for (int i = 0; i < byteCount; i++)
rec.writeByte(portion[i]);
*/
return len;
}
//
// Write a FramebufferUpdateRequest message
// 写入一个要求更新帧缓存的消息
byte[] framebufferUpdateRequest = new byte[10];
synchronized void writeFramebufferUpdateRequest(int x, int y, int w, int h,
boolean incremental) throws IOException {
framebufferUpdateRequest[0] = (byte) FramebufferUpdateRequest;
framebufferUpdateRequest[1] = (byte) (incremental ? 1 : 0);
framebufferUpdateRequest[2] = (byte) ((x >> 8) & 0xff);
framebufferUpdateRequest[3] = (byte) (x & 0xff);
framebufferUpdateRequest[4] = (byte) ((y >> 8) & 0xff);
framebufferUpdateRequest[5] = (byte) (y & 0xff);
framebufferUpdateRequest[6] = (byte) ((w >> 8) & 0xff);
framebufferUpdateRequest[7] = (byte) (w & 0xff);
framebufferUpdateRequest[8] = (byte) ((h >> 8) & 0xff);
framebufferUpdateRequest[9] = (byte) (h & 0xff);
os.write(framebufferUpdateRequest);
}
//
// Write a SetPixelFormat message
// 写入一个设置像素格式的消息
synchronized void writeSetPixelFormat(int bitsPerPixel, int depth,
boolean bigEndian, boolean trueColour, int redMax, int greenMax,
int blueMax, int redShift, int greenShift, int blueShift,
boolean fGreyScale) // sf@2005)
throws IOException {
byte[] b = new byte[20];
b[0] = (byte) SetPixelFormat;
b[4] = (byte) bitsPerPixel;
b[5] = (byte) depth;
b[6] = (byte) (bigEndian ? 1 : 0);
b[7] = (byte) (trueColour ? 1 : 0);
b[8] = (byte) ((redMax >> 8) & 0xff);
b[9] = (byte) (redMax & 0xff);
b[10] = (byte) ((greenMax >> 8) & 0xff);
b[11] = (byte) (greenMax & 0xff);
b[12] = (byte) ((blueMax >> 8) & 0xff);
b[13] = (byte) (blueMax & 0xff);
b[14] = (byte) redShift;
b[15] = (byte) greenShift;
b[16] = (byte) blueShift;
b[17] = (byte) (fGreyScale ? 1 : 0); // sf@2005
os.write(b);
}
//
// Write a FixColourMapEntries message. The values in the red, green and
// blue arrays are from 0 to 65535.
// 颜色Map条目
synchronized void writeFixColourMapEntries(int firstColour, int nColours,
int[] red, int[] green, int[] blue) throws IOException {
byte[] b = new byte[6 + nColours * 6];
b[0] = (byte) FixColourMapEntries;
b[2] = (byte) ((firstColour >> 8) & 0xff);
b[3] = (byte) (firstColour & 0xff);
b[4] = (byte) ((nColours >> 8) & 0xff);
b[5] = (byte) (nColours & 0xff);
for (int i = 0; i < nColours; i++) {
b[6 + i * 6] = (byte) ((red[i] >> 8) & 0xff);
b[6 + i * 6 + 1] = (byte) (red[i] & 0xff);
b[6 + i * 6 + 2] = (byte) ((green[i] >> 8) & 0xff);
b[6 + i * 6 + 3] = (byte) (green[i] & 0xff);
b[6 + i * 6 + 4] = (byte) ((blue[i] >> 8) & 0xff);
b[6 + i * 6 + 5] = (byte) (blue[i] & 0xff);
}
os.write(b);
}
//
// Write a SetEncodings message
// 写入设置编码消息
synchronized void writeSetEncodings(int[] encs, int len) throws IOException {
byte[] b = new byte[4 + 4 * len];
b[0] = (byte) SetEncodings;
b[2] = (byte) ((len >> 8) & 0xff);
b[3] = (byte) (len & 0xff);
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
b[4 + 4 * i] = (byte) ((encs[i] >> 24) & 0xff);
b[5 + 4 * i] = (byte) ((encs[i] >> 16) & 0xff);
b[6 + 4 * i] = (byte) ((encs[i] >> 8) & 0xff);
b[7 + 4 * i] = (byte) (encs[i] & 0xff);
}
os.write(b);
}
//
// Write a ClientCutText message
// 写入一个客户端切割文本的消息
synchronized void writeClientCutText(String text) throws IOException {
byte[] b = new byte[8 + text.length()];
b[0] = (byte) ClientCutText;
b[4] = (byte) ((text.length() >> 24) & 0xff);
b[5] = (byte) ((text.length() >> 16) & 0xff);
b[6] = (byte) ((text.length() >> 8) & 0xff);
b[7] = (byte) (text.length() & 0xff);
System.arraycopy(text.getBytes(), 0, b, 8, text.length());
os.write(b);
}
//
// A buffer for putting pointer and keyboard events before being sent. This
// is to ensure that multiple RFB events generated from a single Java Event
// will all be sent in a single network packet. The maximum possible
// length is 4 modifier down events, a single key event followed by 4
// modifier up events i.e. 9 key events or 72 bytes.
//
byte[] eventBuf = new byte[72];
int eventBufLen;
/**
* Write a pointer event message. We may need to send modifier key events
* around it to set the correct modifier state.
*
* @param x
* @param y
* @param modifiers
* @param pointerMask
* @throws IOException
*/
synchronized void writePointerEvent(int x, int y, int modifiers,
int pointerMask) throws IOException {
eventBufLen = 0;
writeModifierKeyEvents(modifiers);
eventBuf[eventBufLen++] = (byte) PointerEvent;
eventBuf[eventBufLen++] = (byte) pointerMask;
eventBuf[eventBufLen++] = (byte) ((x >> 8) & 0xff);
eventBuf[eventBufLen++] = (byte) (x & 0xff);
eventBuf[eventBufLen++] = (byte) ((y >> 8) & 0xff);
eventBuf[eventBufLen++] = (byte) (y & 0xff);
//
// Always release all modifiers after an "up" event
//
if (pointerMask == 0) {
writeModifierKeyEvents(0);
}
os.write(eventBuf, 0, eventBufLen);
}
void writeCtrlAltDel() throws IOException {
final int DELETE = 0xffff;
final int CTRLALT = VncCanvas.CTRL_MASK | VncCanvas.ALT_MASK;
try {
// Press
eventBufLen = 0;
writeModifierKeyEvents(CTRLALT);
writeKeyEvent(DELETE, true);
os.write(eventBuf, 0, eventBufLen);
// Release
eventBufLen = 0;
writeModifierKeyEvents(CTRLALT);
writeKeyEvent(DELETE, false);
// Reset VNC server modifiers state
writeModifierKeyEvents(0);
os.write(eventBuf, 0, eventBufLen);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//
// Write a key event message. We may need to send modifier key events
// around it to set the correct modifier state. Also we need to translate
// from the Java key values to the X keysym values used by the RFB protocol.
//
synchronized void writeKeyEvent(int keySym, int metaState, boolean down)
throws IOException {
eventBufLen = 0;
if (down)
writeModifierKeyEvents(metaState);
if (keySym != 0)
writeKeyEvent(keySym, down);
// Always release all modifiers after an "up" event
if (!down)
writeModifierKeyEvents(0);
os.write(eventBuf, 0, eventBufLen);
}
//
// Add a raw key event with the given X keysym to eventBuf.
//
private void writeKeyEvent(int keysym, boolean down) {
eventBuf[eventBufLen++] = (byte) KeyboardEvent;
eventBuf[eventBufLen++] = (byte) (down ? 1 : 0);
eventBuf[eventBufLen++] = (byte) 0;
eventBuf[eventBufLen++] = (byte) 0;
eventBuf[eventBufLen++] = (byte) ((keysym >> 24) & 0xff);
eventBuf[eventBufLen++] = (byte) ((keysym >> 16) & 0xff);
eventBuf[eventBufLen++] = (byte) ((keysym >> 8) & 0xff);
eventBuf[eventBufLen++] = (byte) (keysym & 0xff);
}
//
// Write key events to set the correct modifier state.
//
int oldModifiers = 0;
void writeModifierKeyEvents(int newModifiers) {
if ((newModifiers & VncCanvas.CTRL_MASK) != (oldModifiers & VncCanvas.CTRL_MASK))
writeKeyEvent(0xffe3, (newModifiers & VncCanvas.CTRL_MASK) != 0);
if ((newModifiers & VncCanvas.SHIFT_MASK) != (oldModifiers & VncCanvas.SHIFT_MASK))
writeKeyEvent(0xffe1, (newModifiers & VncCanvas.SHIFT_MASK) != 0);
if ((newModifiers & VncCanvas.META_MASK) != (oldModifiers & VncCanvas.META_MASK))
writeKeyEvent(0xffe7, (newModifiers & VncCanvas.META_MASK) != 0);
if ((newModifiers & VncCanvas.ALT_MASK) != (oldModifiers & VncCanvas.ALT_MASK))
writeKeyEvent(0xffe9, (newModifiers & VncCanvas.ALT_MASK) != 0);
oldModifiers = newModifiers;
}
//
// Compress and write the data into the recorded session file. This
// method assumes the recording is on (rec != null).
//
public void startTiming() {
timing = true;
// Carry over up to 1s worth of previous rate for smoothing.
if (timeWaitedIn100us > 10000) {
timedKbits = timedKbits * 10000 / timeWaitedIn100us;
timeWaitedIn100us = 10000;
}
}
public void stopTiming() {
timing = false;
if (timeWaitedIn100us < timedKbits / 2)
timeWaitedIn100us = timedKbits / 2; // upper limit 20Mbit/s
}
public long kbitsPerSecond() {
return timedKbits * 10000 / timeWaitedIn100us;
}
public long timeWaited() {
return timeWaitedIn100us;
}
public void readFully(byte b[]) throws IOException {
readFully(b, 0, b.length);
}
public void readFully(byte b[], int off, int len) throws IOException {
long before = 0;
timing = false; // for test
if (timing)
before = System.currentTimeMillis();
is.readFully(b, off, len);
if (timing) {
long after = System.currentTimeMillis();
long newTimeWaited = (after - before) * 10;
int newKbits = len * 8 / 1000;
// limit rate to between 10kbit/s and 40Mbit/s
if (newTimeWaited > newKbits * 1000)
newTimeWaited = newKbits * 1000;
if (newTimeWaited < newKbits / 4)
newTimeWaited = newKbits / 4;
timeWaitedIn100us += newTimeWaited;
timedKbits += newKbits;
}
}
synchronized void writeOpenChat() throws Exception {
os.write(TextChat); // byte type
os.write(0); // byte pad 1
os.write(0); // byte pad 2
os.write(0); // byte pad 2
writeInt(CHAT_OPEN); // int message length
}
synchronized void writeCloseChat() throws Exception {
os.write(TextChat); // byte type
os.write(0); // byte pad 1
os.write(0); // byte pad 2
os.write(0); // byte pad 2
writeInt(CHAT_CLOSE); // int message length
}
synchronized void writeFinishedChat() throws Exception {
os.write(TextChat); // byte type
os.write(0); // byte pad 1
os.write(0); // byte pad 2
os.write(0); // byte pad 2
writeInt(CHAT_FINISHED); // int message length
}
String readTextChatMsg() throws Exception {
byte[] pad = new byte[3];
readFully(pad);
int len = is.readInt();
if (len == CHAT_OPEN) {
// Remote user requests chat
// /viewer.openChat();
// Respond to chat request
writeOpenChat();
return null;
} else if (len == CHAT_CLOSE) {
// Remote user ends chat
// /viewer.closeChat();
return null;
} else if (len == CHAT_FINISHED) {
// Remote user says chat finished.
// Not sure why I should care about this state.
return null;
} else {
// Remote user sends message!!
if (len > 0) {
byte[] msg = new byte[len];
readFully(msg);
return new String(msg);
}
}
return null;
}
public synchronized void writeChatMessage(String msg) throws Exception {
os.write(TextChat); // byte type
os.write(0); // byte pad 1
os.write(0); // byte pad 2
os.write(0); // byte pad 2
byte[] bytes = msg.getBytes("8859_1");
byte[] outgoing = bytes;
if (bytes.length > 4096) {
outgoing = new byte[4096];
System.arraycopy(bytes, 0, outgoing, 0, 4096);
}
writeInt(outgoing.length); // int message length
os.write(outgoing); // message
}
}
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原文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/songshimvp1/article/details/51481962
