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16 世纪法国外交家Blaise de Vigenère设计了一种多表密码加密算法——Vigenère密码。Vigenère 密码的加密解密算法简单易用，且破译难度比较高，曾在美国南北战争中为南军所广泛使用。
在密码学中，我们称需要加密的信息为明文，用 M 表示；称加密后的信息为密文，用C 表示；而密钥是一种参数，是将明文转换为密文或将密文转换为明文的算法中输入的数据，记为k。 在Vigenère密码中， 密钥k是一个字母串， k=k1k2…kn。当明文M=m1m2…mn时，得到的密文C=c1c2…cn，其中ci=mi®ki，运算®的规则如下表所示：
Vigenère加密在操作时需要注意：
1. ®运算忽略参与运算的字母的大小写，并保持字母在明文 M中的大小写形式；
2. 当明文M的长度大于密钥k的长度时，将密钥k 重复使用。
例如，明文M=Helloworld，密钥k=abc 时，密文C=Hfnlpyosnd。
|
明文 |
H |
e |
l |
l |
o |
w |
o |
r |
l |
D |
|
密钥 |
a |
b |
c |
a |
b |
c |
a |
b |
c |
a |
|
密文 |
H |
f |
n |
l |
p |
y |
o |
s |
n |
d |
输入共2行。
第一行为一个字符串，表示密钥k，长度不超过100，其中仅包含大小写字母。第二为一个字符串，表示经加密后的密文，长度不超过1000，其中仅包含大小写字母
输出共1行，一个字符串，表示输入密钥和密文所对应的明文
CompleteVictory
Yvqgpxaimmklongnzfwpvxmniytm
Wherethereisawillthereisaway
对于 100%的数据，输入的密钥的长度不超过 100，输入的密文的长度不超过 1000，且都仅包含英文字母。
#include<iostream> #include<cstring> using namespace std; char k[101],m[1001]; int ki[101],mi[1001],lk,lm,sk,sm,x,y,s;//表打的太可爱=。= int f[26][26]={{97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122}, {98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,97}, {99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,97,98}, {100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,97,98,99}, {101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,97,98,99,100}, {102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,97,98,99,100,101}, {103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,97,98,99,100,101,102}, {104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,97,98,99,100,101,102,103}, {105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104}, {106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105}, {107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106}, {108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107}, {109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108}, {110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109}, {111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110}, {112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111}, {113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112}, {114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113}, {115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114}, {116,117,118,119,120,121,122,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115}, {117,118,119,120,121,122,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116}, {118,119,120,121,122,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117}, {119,120,121,122,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118}, {120,121,122,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119}, {121,122,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120}, {122,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121}}; int main() { cin>>k+1>>m+1; lk=strlen(k+1); lm=strlen(m+1); while(sm<lm) { if(sk==lk) sk=0; int o=0,j; x=int(m[++sm]); y=int(k[++sk])-97; if(x<97) { x+=32; o=1; } if(y<0) y+=32; for(j=0; j<=25; j++) { if(f[j][y]==x) break; } if(o==1) cout<<char(j+97-32); else cout<<char(j+97); } return 0; }
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原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/dxy1174868024/p/5637747.html
