LayoutInflater inflater = getLayoutInflater();
View layout = inflater.inflate(R.layout.toast_layout,
            (ViewGroup) findViewById(R.id.toast_layout_root));
 
ImageView image = (ImageView) layout.findViewById(R.id.image);
image.setImageResource(R.drawable.android);
TextView text = (TextView) layout.findViewById(R.id.text);
text.setText("Hello! This is a custom toast!");
 
Toast toast = new Toast(getApplicationContext());
toast.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER_VERTICAL, 0, 0);
toast.setDuration(Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
toast.setView(layout);
toast.show();

String ns = Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE;
NotificationManager mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(ns);

1. 用户正在日历里新建一个事件，它想到需要到邮箱中复制一段信息。
2. 用户选择主界面 > 邮箱.
3. 在邮箱界面时，日历弹出了一个新会议通知。
4. 用户点击通知，将会跳转到日历中的 activity，显示这次会议的具体信息.
5. 用户看完了会议信息，按下返回键，将会回到邮箱界面，也是当时收到通知后离开的那个界面.

/**
 * 这个方法创建了一个Intent 对象数组，这些intent 代表了activity 栈中传入的消息细节，当从通知中启动时会被使用。
 */
static Intent[] makeMessageIntentStack(Context context, CharSequence from,
        CharSequence msg) {
    // 用户深入应用程序中时，一个代表数据的典型通知发布了出来
    // 为了实现这个，需要创建一个intents 数组来表示显示的层级顺序。
    .
    Intent[] intents = new Intent[4];
 
    // First:该实例的跟activity 
    // 这是一个让Intent 启动或重置应用栈的简便方法
    intents[0] = Intent.makeRestartActivityTask(new ComponentName(context,
            com.example.android.apis.ApiDemos.class));
 
    // "App"
    intents[1] = new Intent(context, com.example.android.apis.ApiDemos.class);
    intents[1].putExtra("com.example.android.apis.Path", "App");
    // "App/Notification"
    intents[2] = new Intent(context, com.example.android.apis.ApiDemos.class);
    intents[2].putExtra("com.example.android.apis.Path", "App/Notification");
 
    // 现在，这个activity展示在了用户面前。当然它的所有数据也一并展示。
    intents[3] = new Intent(context, IncomingMessageView.class);
    intents[3].putExtra(IncomingMessageView.KEY_FROM, from);
    intents[3].putExtra(IncomingMessageView.KEY_MESSAGE, msg);
 
    return intents;
}
 
/**
 * 状态栏通知相关的图标和扩展条目
 */
void showAppNotification() {
    // 查找 notification manager service
    NotificationManager nm = (NotificationManager)getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
 
    // 模拟数据的细节
    CharSequence from = "Joe";
    CharSequence message;
    switch ((new Random().nextInt()) % 3) {
        case 0: message = "r u hungry?  i am starved"; break;
        case 1: message = "im nearby u"; break;
        default: message = "kthx. meet u for dinner. cul8r"; break;
    }
 
    // 当用户点击这个通知时，PendingIntent 会启动我们的activity 
    // 注意FLAG_CANCEL_CURRENT 
    // 如果已经有一个匹配的intent 在等待，取消并替换它为数组中最新的intent 
    PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivities(this, 0,
            makeMessageIntentStack(this, from, message), PendingIntent.FLAG_CANCEL_CURRENT);
 
    // The ticker text, this uses a formatted string so our message could be localized
    String tickerText = getString(R.string.imcoming_message_ticker_text, message);
 
    // 构造Notification object.
    Notification notif = new Notification(R.drawable.stat_sample, tickerText,
            System.currentTimeMillis());
 
    // 在通知面板显示的信息
    notif.setLatestEventInfo(this, from, message, contentIntent);
 
    // 我们要这个通知发出提示音，震动和闪烁led灯
    // 注：如果你要使用这些功能，你应该有一个选项面板以便于用户可以根据自己喜好开启或关闭这些功能，
    notif.defaults = Notification.DEFAULT_ALL;
 
    //注：我们使用的是R.layout.incoming_message_panel 作为我们通知的id
    // 它可以是你想的任何整数
    // 但是为了方便，使用了与字符有个的资源id
    // 它在你的应用中永远会是独一的数字。
    nm.notify(R.string.imcoming_message_ticker_text, notif);
}

在一个日历的通知中，通知启动的界面通常不属于应用程序的进程。比如当用户收到日历的通知时，选择这个通知将会启动一个特殊界面来显示代办事项—这个界面仅能从通知中启动，无法通过日历导航过去.

下面的代码发送了一条这样的通知，与上面的通知相似，但是 PendingIntent 只能展示一个activity，也就是专门用来显示代办事项的activity.

/**
 * 这个通知是状态栏通知
 */
void showInterstitialNotification() {
    //查找 the notification manager service
    NotificationManager nm = (NotificationManager)getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
 
    // The details of our fake message
    CharSequence from = "Dianne";
    CharSequence message;
    switch ((new Random().nextInt()) % 3) {
        case 0: message = "i am ready for some dinner"; break;
        case 1: message = "how about thai down the block?"; break;
        default: message = "meet u soon. dont b late!"; break;
    }
 
    // The PendingIntent to launch our activity if the user selects this
    // notification.  Note the use of FLAG_CANCEL_CURRENT so that, if there
    // is already an active matching pending intent, cancel it and replace
    // it with the new Intent.
    Intent intent = new Intent(this, IncomingMessageInterstitial.class);
    intent.putExtra(IncomingMessageView.KEY_FROM, from);
    intent.putExtra(IncomingMessageView.KEY_MESSAGE, message);
    intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK | Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK);
    PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0,
            intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_CANCEL_CURRENT);
 
    // The ticker text, this uses a formatted string so our message could be localized
    String tickerText = getString(R.string.imcoming_message_ticker_text, message);
 
    // construct the Notification object.
    Notification notif = new Notification(R.drawable.stat_sample, tickerText,
            System.currentTimeMillis());
 
    // Set the info for the views that show in the notification panel.
    notif.setLatestEventInfo(this, from, message, contentIntent);
 
    // We‘ll have this notification do the default sound, vibration, and led.
    // Note that if you want any of these behaviors, you should always have
    // a preference for the user to turn them off.
    notif.defaults = Notification.DEFAULT_ALL;
 
    // Note that we use R.layout.incoming_message_panel as the ID for
    // the notification.  It could be any integer you want, but we use
    // the convention of using a resource id for a string related to
    // the notification.  It will always be a unique number within your
    // application.
    nm.notify(R.string.imcoming_message_ticker_text, notif);
}

<activity android:name=".app.IncomingMessageInterstitial"
        android:label="You have messages"
        android:theme="@style/ThemeHoloDialog"
        android:launchMode="singleTask"
        android:taskAffinity=""
        android:excludeFromRecents="true">
</activity>

/**
 * 切换app 一个新的activity 栈已经开启代替目前运行的activity之后，该activity 结束。
 */
void switchToApp() {
    //展示给给用户选择启动哪个app
    // 
    CharSequence from = getIntent().getCharSequenceExtra(IncomingMessageView.KEY_FROM);
    CharSequence msg = getIntent().getCharSequenceExtra(IncomingMessageView.KEY_MESSAGE);
    // Build the new activity stack, launch it, and finish this UI.
    Intent[] stack = IncomingMessage.makeMessageIntentStack(this, from, msg);
    startActivities(stack);
    finish();
}

String ns = Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE;
NotificationManager mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(ns);

int icon = R.drawable.notification_icon;        // icon from resources
CharSequence tickerText = "Hello";              // ticker-text
long when = System.currentTimeMillis();         // notification time
Context context = getApplicationContext();      // application Context
CharSequence contentTitle = "My notification";  // message title
CharSequence contentText = "Hello World!";      // message text
 
Intent notificationIntent = new Intent(this, MyClass.class);
PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, notificationIntent, 0);
 
// the next two lines initialize the Notification, using the configurations above
Notification notification = new Notification(icon, tickerText, when);
notification.setLatestEventInfo(context, contentTitle, contentText, contentIntent);

notification.defaults |= Notification.DEFAULT_SOUND;

notification.sound = Uri.parse("file:///sdcard/notification/ringer.mp3");

notification.sound = Uri.withAppendedPath(Audio.Media.INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "6");

notification.defaults |= Notification.DEFAULT_VIBRATE;

long[] vibrate = {0,100,200,300};
notification.vibrate = vibrate;

notification.defaults |= Notification.DEFAULT_LIGHTS;

notification.ledARGB = 0xff00ff00;
notification.ledOnMS = 300;
notification.ledOffMS = 1000;
notification.flags |= Notification.FLAG_SHOW_LIGHTS;

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/layout"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:padding="10dp" >
    <ImageView android:id="@+id/image"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_marginRight="10dp" />
    <TextView android:id="@+id/title"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_toRightOf="@id/image"
        style="@style/NotificationTitle" />
    <TextView android:id="@+id/text"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_toRightOf="@id/image"
        android:layout_below="@id/title"
        style="@style/NotificationText" />
</RelativeLayout>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <style name="NotificationText">
      <item name="android:textColor">?android:attr/textColorPrimary</item>
    </style>
    <style name="NotificationTitle">
      <item name="android:textColor">?android:attr/textColorPrimary</item>
      <item name="android:textStyle">bold</item>
    </style>
    <!-- If you want a slightly different color for some text,
         consider using ?android:attr/textColorSecondary -->
</resources>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <style name="NotificationText" parent="android:TextAppearance.StatusBar.EventContent" />
    <style name="NotificationTitle" parent="android:TextAppearance.StatusBar.EventContent.Title" />
</resources>

RemoteViews contentView = new RemoteViews(getPackageName(), R.layout.custom_notification_layout);
contentView.setImageViewResource(R.id.image, R.drawable.notification_image);
contentView.setTextViewText(R.id.title, "Custom notification");
contentView.setTextViewText(R.id.text, "This is a custom layout");
notification.contentView = contentView;

Intent notificationIntent = new Intent(this, MyClass.class);
PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, notificationIntent, 0);
notification.contentIntent = contentIntent;

mNotificationManager.notify(CUSTOM_VIEW_ID, notification);