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mvc的模板特别类似设计模式中模板方法模式，结合Layout中RenderSection和RenderBody方法可以将部分html展现逻辑延迟到具体的视图页面去实现里面实现。结合我们增删改查的逻辑，我们的用户界面，我们将页面分为这几个区域，实现部分逻辑以后，部分留给具体的页面去实现。例如图片中新增，编辑，删除，导入，导出，查询都是架构自带的操作，至于复制就给页面扩展，查询条件也留给具体的页面中扩展，模板中给出RenderSection即可。
这个执行顺序的问题可以通过调试去查找答案，大致是返回页面后，先执行具体页面的逻辑，当第一个@{} 代码段执行完毕之后，会检查有没有Layout页面，如果有则进入Layout顺序执行，如果Layout页面有RenderSection则会去字页面检查有没有定义，如果定义则执行，页面中除了RenderSection部分都会当作RenderBody中执行,但是实际程序运行中，页面会全部动态编译成dll去执行。具体可以查看Razor引擎模板的相关内容。
mvc定义了一套元数据机制，在模板中可以通过ViewData.ModelMatedata去访问这样可以搭配attribute做出很多扩展的设计，具体案例会在本文后面做详细说明。
@using Coralcode.Framework.Mvc.Models.MiniUI
@using HCC.Web.Utils
@{
Layout = null;
//如果不使用父类默认设定操作按钮，请重新制定参数
if (ViewBag.DataOperation == null)
{
ViewBag.DataOperation =
MiniUIDataOperation.Add | MiniUIDataOperation.Edit | MiniUIDataOperation.Delete
| MiniUIDataOperation.ExportTemplate | MiniUIDataOperation.Import | MiniUIDataOperation.Export;
}
MiniUIDataOperation dataOperation = (MiniUIDataOperation)ViewBag.DataOperation;
if (ViewBag.AddEditDialogHeight == null)
{
ViewBag.AddEditDialogHeight = 600;
}
if (ViewBag.AddEditDialogWidth == null)
{
ViewBag.AddEditDialogWidth = 800;
}
string refreshUrl=ViewBag.ListUrl;
if (ViewBag.ShowPager)
{
refreshUrl = ViewBag.PageUrl;
}
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />
<title></title>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/Html; charset=UTF-8" />
@Styles.Render("~/content/miniuicss")
@Scripts.Render("~/script/miniuijs", "~/script/tooljs")
</head>
<body>
<style type="text/css">
html, body {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
border: 0;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
overflow: hidden;
}
</style>
<div id="datagrid_toolbar">
<div class="mini-toolbar" style="border-bottom: 0; padding: 0px;">
<table style="width: 100%;">
<tr>
<td style="width: 100%;">
<div id="operation">
@if ((dataOperation & MiniUIDataOperation.Add) != 0)
{
<a class="mini-button" iconcls="icon-add" onclick="add()">增加</a>
}
@if ((dataOperation & MiniUIDataOperation.Edit) != 0)
{
<a class="mini-button" iconcls="icon-edit" onclick="edit()">编辑</a>
}
@if ((dataOperation & MiniUIDataOperation.Delete) != 0)
{
<a class="mini-button" iconcls="icon-remove" onclick="remove()">删除</a>
}
@if ((dataOperation & MiniUIDataOperation.ExportTemplate) != 0)
{
<a class="mini-button" iconcls="icon-download" href=‘@ViewBag.ExportTemplateUrl‘>导出模板</a>
}
@if ((dataOperation & MiniUIDataOperation.Import) != 0)
{
<a class="mini-button" iconcls="icon-upload" onclick="importAction()">导入</a>
}
@if ((dataOperation & MiniUIDataOperation.Export) != 0)
{
<a class="mini-button" iconcls="icon-download" href=‘@ViewBag.ExportUrl‘>导出</a>
}
@if ((dataOperation & MiniUIDataOperation.Register) != 0)
{
<a class="mini-button" iconcls="icon-user" onclick="RegisterLesson()">预约</a>
}
@if ((dataOperation & MiniUIDataOperation.Sign) != 0)
{
<a class="mini-button" iconcls="icon-tip" onclick=‘SignLesson()‘>签到</a>
}
@if ((dataOperation & MiniUIDataOperation.InputUser) != 0)
{
string currentMember = string.Empty;
var userIdName = UserHelper.GetCookieIdName();
if (userIdName != null)
{
currentMember = string.Format("(当前‘{0}‘)",userIdName.Item2);
}
<a class="mini-button" iconcls="icon-user" id="a_userName" onclick=‘InputUserMemberView()‘>获取会员@{@currentMember}</a>
}
@RenderSection("ExtendedOperation", false)
</div>
</td>
<td style="white-space: nowrap;">
<div id="query">
@RenderSection("Query", false)
<a class="mini-button" iconcls="icon-search" onclick="LoadData()">查询</a>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<!--撑满页面-->
<div class="mini-fit">
<div id="datagrid1" class="mini-datagrid" style="width: 100%; height: 100%;" showpager="@ViewBag.ShowPager" idfield="id" multiselect="true">
<div property="columns">
@Html.Partial("_HeaderPartial", (List<DataGridColumn>)ViewBag.Header)
</div>
</div>
</div>
@RenderBody()
@* ReSharper disable once SyntaxIsNotAllowed *@
<script type="text/javascript">
mini.parse();
var grid = mini.get("datagrid1");
var url = ‘@Html.Raw(ViewBag.EditUrl)‘;
var importUrl = ‘@Html.Raw(ViewBag.ImportUrl)‘;
var title = ‘@ViewBag.Title‘;
grid.set({
url: "@Html.Raw(refreshUrl)",
pageSize:20,
pageIndex:10,
sizeList:[10,20,50,100]
});
function LoadData() {
var data="{" + $("#query input[name]").map(function() {
return $(this).attr("name") + ":" + "‘"+$(this).val()+"‘";
}).get().join(", ")+"}";
grid.load(mini.decode(data,false));
}
//todo 这里如果需要查询怎么办
LoadData();
var dynamicUrlParams = "";
@if ((dataOperation & MiniUIDataOperation.Add) != 0)
{
<text>
function add() {
mini.open({
url: url,
title: "新增" + title,
width: @ViewBag.AddEditDialogWidth,
height: @ViewBag.AddEditDialogHeight,
onload: function() {
var iframe = this.getIFrameEl();
var data = { action: "new" };
//iframe.contentWindow.SetData(data);
},
ondestroy: function(action) {
grid.reload();
}
});
}
</text>
}
@if ((dataOperation & MiniUIDataOperation.Edit) != 0)
{
<text>
function edit() {
var row = grid.getSelected();
if (row) {
var editUrl = url + (url.indexOf(‘?‘) > 0 ? ‘&‘ : ‘?‘) + "id=" + row.Id;
mini.open({
url: editUrl,
title: "编辑" + title,
width: @ViewBag.AddEditDialogWidth,
height: @ViewBag.AddEditDialogHeight,
ondestroy: function(action) {
grid.reload();
}
});
} else {
alert("请选中一条记录");
}
}
</text>
}
@if ((dataOperation & MiniUIDataOperation.Delete) != 0)
{
<text>
function remove() {
var rows = grid.getSelecteds();
if (rows.length > 0) {
if (confirm("确定删除选中记录？")) {
var ids = [];
for (var i = 0, l = rows.length; i < l; i++) {
var r = rows[i];
ids.push(r.Id);
}
var id = ids.join(‘,‘);
grid.loading("操作中，请稍后......");
var deleteUrl = ‘@Html.Raw(ViewBag.DeleteUrl)‘;
deleteUrl = deleteUrl + (deleteUrl.indexOf(‘?‘) > 0 ? ‘&‘ : ‘?‘) + "ids=" + id;
$.ajax({
type: ‘post‘,
url: deleteUrl,
success: function(data) {
if (data.State == 0) {
grid.reload();
return;
}
grid.unmask();
alert(data.Data);
},
error: function() {
}
});
}
} else {
alert("请选中一条记录");
}
}
</text>
}
@if ((dataOperation & MiniUIDataOperation.Import) != 0)
{
<text>
function importAction() {
mini.open({
url: importUrl,
title: "导入" + title,
width: 600,
height: 300,
ondestroy: function(action) {
grid.reload();
}
});
}
</text>
}
@if ((dataOperation & MiniUIDataOperation.Register) != 0)
{
<text>
function RegisterLesson() {
var rows = grid.getSelecteds();
if (rows.length < 1) {
alert("请选中一条记录");
return;
}
if (rows.length > 1) {
alert("每次只能预订一节课程");
return;
}
var ids = [];
for (var i = 0, l = rows.length; i < l; i++) {
var r = rows[i];
ids.push(r.Id);
}
var id = ids.join(‘,‘);
grid.loading("操作中，请稍后......");
var registerLessonUrl = ‘@Html.Raw(ViewBag.RegisterLessonUrl)‘;
registerLessonUrl = registerLessonUrl
+ (registerLessonUrl.indexOf(‘?‘) > 0 ? ‘&‘ : ‘?‘) + "ids=" + id
+ "&"+dynamicUrlParams;
$.ajax({
type: ‘post‘,
url: registerLessonUrl,
success: function (data) {
if (data.State == 0) {
grid.reload();
return;
}
grid.unmask();
alert(data.Data);
},
error: function () {
}
});
}
</text>
}
@if ((dataOperation & MiniUIDataOperation.Sign) != 0)
{
<text>
</text>
}
@if ((dataOperation & MiniUIDataOperation.InputUser) != 0)
{
<text>
function InputUserMemberView(){
mini.prompt("请输入会员号码：", "请输入",
function (action, value) {
if (action != "ok") {
return;
}
var userLoginUrl = ‘/Portal/User/Login?number=‘+value+ "&"+dynamicUrlParams;
$.ajax({
type: ‘post‘,
url: userLoginUrl,
success: function (data) {
if (data.State == 0) {
$("#a_userName").children("span").html("获取会员(当前‘"+data.Data+"‘)")
return;
}
alert(data.Data);
},
error: function () {
}
});
}
);
}
</text>
}
function onDateRenderer(e) {
var value = e.value;
if (value) return mini.formatDate(value, ‘yyyy-MM-dd‘);
return "";
}
function onDateTimeRenderer(e) {
var value = e.value;
if (value) return mini.formatDate(value, ‘yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:dd‘);
return "";
}
function onTimeRenderer(e) {
var value = e.value;
if (value) return mini.formatDate(value, ‘hh:mm:dd‘);
return "";
}
</script>
@RenderSection("Script", false)
</body>
</html>
MVC的模板加载顺序，基于mvc的模板顺序，我们可以在自模板中定义出页面操作，如果子页面没有定义，则在模板中给出默认定义。
Flags的枚举 由于页面操作是可以交叉的，所以我们采用flags的枚举来作为判断依据，flags枚举其实就是二进制的位操作，建议没用过的好好去研究下。在很多地方都很有用，特别是条件组合的情况下。
结合RennderSection的设计，模板并不知道操作和查询条件有多少，所以我们做成流式布局，操作左对齐，查询右对齐，在少数操作和少数查询的时候效果还不错，
@{
Layout = null;
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" />
<title></title>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/Html; charset=UTF-8" />
<script type="text/javascript" src="@Url.Content("~/Content/js/jquery-1.6.2.min.js")"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="@Url.Content("~/Content/js/boot.js")"></script>
@Styles.Render("~/content/miniuicss")
@Scripts.Render("~/script/miniuijs")
@Scripts.Render("~/script/tooljs")
<link href="@Url.Content("~/Content/css/edit.css")" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet"/>
<script type="text/javascript" src="@Url.Content("~/Content/js/jquery.form.js")"></script>
</head>
<body style="margin: 0px;height: 100%">
<form method="post" id="formmain" style="width: 100%; height: 100%">
<div class="mini-fit" style="padding: 5px">
<table style="table-layout: fixed; width: 100%;">
@RenderBody()
</table>
</div>
<div class="mini-toolbar" style="text-align:center;padding-top:8px;padding-bottom:8px; " borderStyle="border:1;">
<a id="submit" class="mini-button" iconcls="icon-ok" onclick="submit()">确定</a>
<span style="display: inline-block; width: 25px;"></span>
<a id="cancel" class="mini-button" iconcls="icon-cancel" onclick="onCancel(this)">取消</a>
</div>
</form>
@Scripts.Render("~/script/jquery.validate")
<script type="text/javascript">
function submit() {
$.ajax({
type: "Post",
data:$("form").serialize(),
success: function (jsonResult) {
if (jsonResult.State === 0) {
CloseWindow("save");
return;
}
alert(jsonResult.Data);
}
});
};
function onCancel(e) {
CloseWindow("cancel");
}
function CloseWindow(action) {
if (window.CloseOwnerWindow) window.CloseOwnerWindow(action);
else window.close();
}
</script>
@RenderSection("Script", false)
</body>
</html>
编辑模板操作ajax提交的方式，将提交逻辑封装在模板页中，子页面只需要填充输入字段即可这里要特别提醒，尽量做到编辑界面的简洁，将那些复杂的输入作为编辑模板扩展，这部分将在下一节中说明。
布局中，将操作放在最下方提供提交和取消两个操作即可满足要求。剩下与输入相关的部分可以在具体页面中去做扩展。最终我们是要实现Html.EditForModel的扩展，暂时精力有限没有做到这一步，最后在更精简的设计中看是否有时间去实现这个逻辑。当然由于部分页面输入逻辑比较复杂，所以即使做出来了，也不能替代全部的编辑页面。
我们查看mvc的源代码可以发现，mvc结合DataType提供了编辑和显示两种模板类型。放在Views/Shared的EditTemplate和DisplayTemplate中，同时在模板中也可以获取到对应模型属性的元数据，这里要特别注意，不要给html.textbox这类输入方法中提供name属性，mvc自己会在name中默认拼接上元数据中的属性名。掌握这种方式之后可以做在编辑页面做出更简洁的设计，如果你扩展的类型够多，那么将会给程序员编程提供很大的便利.
我们选用DataType.MultilineText作为富文本的扩展，将ViewModel属性标记[DataType(DataType.MultilineText)]，然后再编辑的时候只需Html.EditFor()即可实现自动调用，我们选用UEditer作为复文本框，只需简单几行代码就可以实现富文本框的扩展。
@model string
@Scripts.Render("~/script/ueditor")
@Styles.Render("~/content/ueditor")
@Html.TextArea("", Model, new { id = ViewData.ModelMetadata.PropertyName })
<script type="text/javascript">
var editor = new baidu.editor.ui.Editor();
editor.render(‘@ViewData.ModelMetadata.PropertyName‘);
</script>
在mvc的DataType的枚举中有DateTime,Date,Time三种和时间相关的类型,这里用mini ui自带的时间控件做的扩展，使用的时候只需要结合属性的DateTypeAttribute和
Html.EditFor即可。
DateTime扩展
@model DateTime
@{
DateTime value = DateTime.Now;
if (Model != DateTime.MinValue)
{
value=Model ;
}
}
@Html.TextBox("", value, new { @class = "mini-datepicker", format = "yyyy-MM-dd H:mm:ss", timeFormat = "H:mm:ss", showTime = "true" ,width=165})
Date扩展
@model DateTime
@{
DateTime value = DateTime.Now;
if (Model != DateTime.MinValue)
{
value = Model;
}
}
@Html.TextBox("", value, new { @class = "mini-datepicker", format = "yyyy-MM-dd", showTime = "false" })
Time扩展
@model DateTime
@{
DateTime value = DateTime.Now;
if (Model != DateTime.MinValue)
{
value = Model;
}
}
@Html.TextBox(ViewData.ModelMetadata.PropertyName, value, new { @class = "mini-timespinner", format = "H:mm:ss" })
首先看看整体的压面布局，分为顶栏，左边菜单，右边内容，底部关于这种布局。上边部分就很简单，给出用户信息和登出操作就好了。这里我使用miniui自带的树形控件做的菜单，结合样式miniui自带样式就可以简洁的实现如图的效果
菜单加载就用miniui的tree就很方便了，用Identify和ParentId作为父子关系即可，其中parent属性忽略掉。
var tree = mini.get("leftTree");
tree.loadList(data.Data, "Identify", "ParentId");
两行js语句即可
public class MenuModel : IViewModel
{
/// <summary>
/// 标识
/// </summary>
public string Identify { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 标题
/// </summary>
public string Text { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 父节点
/// </summary>
[JsonIgnore]
public MenuModel Parent { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 父节点标识
/// </summary>
public string ParentId { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 链接
/// </summary>
public string Url { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 等级
/// </summary>
public int Level
{
get
{
if (Parent == null)
return 0;
return Parent.Level + 1;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 子节点
/// </summary>
public List<MenuModel> Children { get; set; }
public long Id { get; set; }
}
using System.Collections.Generic;
using HCC.Core.ViewModel;
namespace HCC.Core.Services
{
public interface IMenuService
{
/// <summary>
/// 根节点
/// </summary>
MenuModel Root { get; }
/// <summary>
/// 菜单注册
/// </summary>
/// <param name="menuName">菜单名称</param>
/// <param name="url">页面地址</param>
/// <param name="parentId">上级菜单</param>
/// <param name="menuId">菜单Id</param>
MenuModel Regist(string menuName, string url, string parentId, string menuId);
/// <summary>
/// 菜单注册
/// </summary>
/// <param name="menuName">菜单名称</param>
/// <param name="url">页面地址</param>
/// <param name="parentId">上级菜单</param>
/// <param name="menuId">菜单Id</param>
MenuModel Regist(string menuName, string url, string parentId);
/// <summary>
/// 注销菜单
/// </summary>
/// <param name="menuId"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
MenuModel Unregist(string menuId);
/// <summary>
/// 根据菜单ID获取菜单
/// </summary>
/// <param name="menuId"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
MenuModel FindById(string menuId);
/// <summary>
/// 获取子菜单
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
List<MenuModel> GetChildrenMenus(string parentId);
/// <summary>
/// 根据级别获取菜单
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
List<MenuModel> GetByLevel(List<int> levels);
/// <summary>
/// 获取全部菜单
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
List<MenuModel> GetAll();
/// <summary>
/// 重新注册菜单
/// </summary>
void ResetMenu();
}
}
注意其中菜单服务这里，可以订阅eventbus事件来动态更新菜单
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using Coralcode.Framework.Aspect;
using Coralcode.Framework.Data.Repository.Core;
using Coralcode.Framework.Data.Specification;
using Coralcode.Framework.Mapper;
using Coralcode.Framework.MessageBus.Event;
using Coralcode.Framework.Services;
using Coralcode.Framework.Utils;
using HCC.Core.Model;
using HCC.Core.ViewModel;
namespace HCC.Core.Services.Imp
{
[Inject(RegisterType = typeof (IMenuService), LifetimeManagerType = LifetimeManagerType.ContainerControlled)]
public class MenuService : CrudCoralService<Menu, MenuModel>, IMenuService
{
internal static Dictionary<string, MenuModel> MenuCache = new Dictionary<string, MenuModel>();
public MenuService(IRepository<Menu> repository, IEventBus eventBus)
: base(repository, eventBus)
{
Root = new MenuModel
{
Identify = "root",
Text = "后台管理",
Url = "",
Children = new List<MenuModel>(),
Parent = null
};
MenuCache.Add(Root.Identify, Root);
var allMenus = Repository.GetAll().ToList();
allMenus.ForEach(item => { Regist(item.Text, item.Url, item.ParentId, item.Identify); });
}
/// <summary>
/// 根节点
/// </summary>
public MenuModel Root { get; private set; }
public MenuModel Regist(string menuName, string url, string parentId, string menuId)
{
if (MenuCache.ContainsKey(menuId))
return MenuCache[menuId];
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(parentId) || !MenuCache.ContainsKey(parentId))
return null;
var menu = new MenuModel
{
Identify = menuId,
Text = menuName,
Url = url,
Children = new List<MenuModel>(),
ParentId = parentId,
Parent = MenuCache[parentId]
};
AddMenu(menu);
MenuCache.Add(menu.Identify, menu);
MenuCache[parentId].Children.Add(menu);
return menu;
}
public MenuModel Regist(string menuName, string url, string parentId)
{
return Regist(menuName, url, parentId, GeneralMenuId(parentId, menuName));
}
public MenuModel Unregist(string menuId)
{
MenuModel model;
if (!MenuCache.TryGetValue(menuId, out model))
return null;
model.Parent.Children.Remove(model);
UnregistChildren(model);
Repository.UnitOfWork.Commit();
return model;
}
public MenuModel FindById(string menuId)
{
return !MenuCache.ContainsKey(menuId) ? null : MenuCache[menuId];
}
public List<MenuModel> GetChildrenMenus(string parentId)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(parentId))
return DataMapperProvider.Mapper.Convert<List<MenuModel>, List<MenuModel>>(Root.Children);
if (MenuCache.ContainsKey(parentId))
return DataMapperProvider.Mapper.Convert<List<MenuModel>, List<MenuModel>>(MenuCache[parentId].Children);
return null;
}
public List<MenuModel> GetByLevel(List<int> levels)
{
return MenuCache.Values.Where(item => levels.Contains(item.Level)).ToList();
}
/// <summary>
/// 重新注册菜单
/// </summary>
public void ResetMenu()
{
//删掉之前的菜单
var menus = Repository.GetAll().ToList();
if (menus.Count != 0)
{
menus.ForEach(item => { Repository.Remove(item); });
Repository.UnitOfWork.CommitAndRefreshChanges();
MenuCache.Clear();
MenuCache.Add(Root.Identify, Root);
}
//课程管理
var lessonMenu = Regist("课程管理", "", "root", "lessonmanager");
Regist("私教课", "/portal/privatelesson/index", lessonMenu.Identify, "privatelesson");
Regist("公开课", "/portal/publiclesson/index", lessonMenu.Identify, "publiclesson");
Regist("体验课", "/portal/triallesson/index", lessonMenu.Identify, "triallesson");
Regist("会员活动", "/portal/useractivity/index", lessonMenu.Identify, "useractivity");
//人员管理
var userManagerMenu = Regist("人员管理", "", "root", "personmanager");
Regist("教练", "/portal/coach/index", userManagerMenu.Identify, "coachmanager");
Regist("人员", "/portal/user/index", userManagerMenu.Identify, "usermanager");
//系统管理
var systemManagerMenu = Regist("系统管理", "", "root", "systemmanager");
Regist("管理员", "/portal/manager/index", systemManagerMenu.Identify, "manager");
Regist("新闻管理", "/portal/news/index", systemManagerMenu.Identify, "news");
Regist("留言管理", "/portal/message/index", systemManagerMenu.Identify, "message");
Regist("课程模板", "/portal/lessontemplate/index", systemManagerMenu.Identify, "lessontemplate");
Regist("系统设置", "/portal/systemsetting/index", systemManagerMenu.Identify, "systemsetting");
//统计查询
var stasticsMenu = Regist("统计", "", "root", "systemstastistics");
Regist("统计", "/portal/statistic/index", stasticsMenu.Identify, "stastistics");
}
private void UnregistChildren(MenuModel menu)
{
menu.Children.ForEach(item =>
{
if (MenuCache.ContainsKey(item.Identify))
RemoveMenu(item);
UnregistChildren(item);
});
RemoveMenu(menu);
}
private void AddMenu(MenuModel menu)
{
if (MenuCache.ContainsKey(menu.Identify))
return;
var model = Repository.GetFirst(new DirectSpecification<Menu>(item => item.Identify == menu.Identify));
if (model != null)
return;
Repository.Add(Convert(menu));
Repository.UnitOfWork.Commit();
}
private void RemoveMenu(MenuModel menu)
{
if (MenuCache.ContainsKey(menu.Identify))
MenuCache.Remove(menu.Identify);
var model = Repository.GetFirst(new DirectSpecification<Menu>(item => item.Identify == menu.Identify));
if (model == null)
return;
Repository.Remove(model);
}
private string GeneralMenuId(params string[] keys)
{
return StringUtil.FormatKey(keys.ToArray());
}
}
}
菜单缓存采用和两种模式一种是根节点的树形模式，一种是字段缓存，这样既可以从树
去访问，也可以从字典根据key去访问。
Ps:界面代码比较乱，后面放出demo时候再整理，快了，由于最近确实比较忙，更新比较慢，见谅
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原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/Skyven/p/5674865.html
