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本文记录了三种生成二维码的方式,Java后台生成、jquery生成、js生成
Java后台生成比较浪费资源
Jquery canvas生成模式需要浏览器支持h5,table生成的二维码存在宽高不等
Js生成的二维码暂时未发现不妥之处
建议使用js生成,引用qrcode一个js插件即可。
1、获取jar包支持pom.xml
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
<artifactId>core</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
<artifactId>javase</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
</dependency>
2、 思路:
1、 获取需要生成二维码的内容
2、 定义需要生成图片格式、宽度、高度、以及白边的宽度
3、 转流
4、 画图
3、代码
package com.maociyuan.cnblogs.home.service.qrcode;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;
import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatWriter;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
public class QRCodeService {
private static final int BLACK = 0xff000000;
private static final int WHITE = 0xFFFFFFFF;
/**
* 生成QRCode二维码<br>
* 在编码时需要将com.google.zxing.qrcode.encoder.Encoder.java中的<br>
* static final String DEFAULT_BYTE_MODE_ENCODING = "ISO8859-1";<br>
* 修改为UTF-8,否则中文编译后解析不了<br>
*/
public BufferedImage encode(String contents, int width, int height) {
BufferedImage bi = null;
try {
Map<EncodeHintType, Object> hints = new HashMap<EncodeHintType, Object>();
hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "utf-8"); // 内容所使用字符集编码
hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 0);
BitMatrix bitMatrix =
new MultiFormatWriter().encode(contents, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height,
hints);
int margin = 5; // 自定义白边边框宽度
bitMatrix = updateBit(bitMatrix, margin); // 生成新的bitMatrix
// 因为二维码生成时,白边无法控制,去掉原有的白边,再添加自定义白边后,二维码大小与size大小就存在差异了,为了让新生成的二维码大小还是size大小,根据size重新生成图片
bi = toBufferedImage(bitMatrix);
bi = zoomInImage(bi, width, height);// 根据size放大、缩小生成的二维码片
/*
* BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(contents, format, width,
* height); writeToFile(bitMatrix, "jpg", file);
*/
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return bi;
}
/**
* 生成二维码图片<br>
*
* @param matrix
* @param format 图片格式
* @param file 生成二维码图片位置
* @throws IOException
*/
public static void writeToFile(BitMatrix matrix, String format, File file) throws IOException {
BufferedImage image = toBufferedImage(matrix);
if (!ImageIO.write(image, format, file)) {
throw new IOException("Could not write an image of format " + format + " to " + file);
}
}
/**
* 生成二维码图片<br>
*
* @param matrix
* @param format 图片格式
* @param stream 生成二维码图片輸出流
* @throws IOException
*/
public static void writeToStream(BitMatrix matrix, String format, OutputStream stream)
throws IOException {
BufferedImage image = toBufferedImage(matrix);
if (!ImageIO.write(image, format, stream)) {
throw new IOException("Could not write an image of format " + format);
}
}
/**
* 生成二维码内容<br>
*
* @param matrix
* @return
*/
public static BufferedImage toBufferedImage(BitMatrix matrix) {
int width = matrix.getWidth();
int height = matrix.getHeight();
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
image.setRGB(x, y, matrix.get(x, y) == true ? BLACK : WHITE);
}
}
return image;
}
private static BitMatrix updateBit(BitMatrix matrix, int margin) {
int tempM = margin * 2;
int[] rec = matrix.getEnclosingRectangle(); // 获取二维码图案的属性
int resWidth = rec[2] + tempM;
int resHeight = rec[3] + tempM;
BitMatrix resMatrix = new BitMatrix(resWidth, resHeight); // 按照自定义边框生成新的BitMatrix
resMatrix.clear();
for (int i = margin; i < resWidth - margin; i++) { // 循环,将二维码图案绘制到新的bitMatrix中
for (int j = margin; j < resHeight - margin; j++) {
if (matrix.get(i - margin + rec[0], j - margin + rec[1])) {
resMatrix.set(i, j);
}
}
}
return resMatrix;
}
public static BufferedImage zoomInImage(BufferedImage originalImage, int width, int height) {
BufferedImage newImage = new BufferedImage(width, height, originalImage.getType());
Graphics g = newImage.getGraphics();
g.drawImage(originalImage, 0, 0, width, height, null);
g.dispose();
return newImage;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String text = "http://www.cnblogs.com/maociyuan/"; // 二维码内容
int width = 150; // 二维码图片宽度
int height = 150; // 二维码图片高度
String format = "jpg";// 二维码的图片格式
Hashtable<EncodeHintType, Object> hints = new Hashtable<EncodeHintType, Object>();
hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "utf-8"); // 内容所使用字符集编码
hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 0);
BitMatrix bitMatrix =
new MultiFormatWriter().encode(text, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height, hints);
int margin = 5; // 自定义白边边框宽度
bitMatrix = updateBit(bitMatrix, margin); // 生成新的bitMatrix
// 因为二维码生成时,白边无法控制,去掉原有的白边,再添加自定义白边后,二维码大小与size大小就存在差异了,为了让新生成的二维码大小还是size大小,根据size重新生成图片
BufferedImage bi = toBufferedImage(bitMatrix);
bi = zoomInImage(bi, width, height);// 根据size放大、缩小生成的二维码片
// 生成二维码
File outputFile = new File("d:" + File.separator + "new.jpg");
ImageIO.write(bi, "png", outputFile); // 生成二维码图
writeToFile(bitMatrix, format, outputFile);
}
}
1、加载jquery.qrcode.js、jquery.min.js
2、创建一个用于包含 QRcode 图片的 DOM 元素,比如 div:
<div id="qrcode"></div>
3、通过下面代码生成QRcode 分table和canvas
$(‘#qrcodeTable‘).qrcode({
render : "table",
width:150,
height:150,
text : “http://www.cnblogs.com/maociyuan/”
});
$(‘#qrcodeCanvas‘).qrcode({
render : "canvas",
width:150,
height:150,
text : “http://www.cnblogs.com/maociyuan/”
});
1、加载qrcode.js
2、创建一个用于包含 QRcode 图片的 DOM 元素,比如 div:
<div id="qrcode"></div>
3、然后通过下面代码生成 QRcode:
var qrcode = new QRCode(document.getElementById("qrcode"), {
width : 150,
height : 150
});
qrcode.makeCode("http://www.cnblogs.com/maociyuan/");
<html>
<head>
<title>QRCode generator</title>
<style>
.inputdiv{
position: absolute;
left: 40%;
top: 20%;
width:200px;
height:200px;
margin-left:-100px;
margin-top:-100px;
}
.qrcode{
position: absolute;
left: 45%;
top: 25%;
width:200px;
height:200px;
margin-left:-100px;
margin-top:-100px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript" src="jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="jquery.qrcode.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="qrcode.js"></script>
<div class="inputdiv">
<input id="text" type="text" value="http://www.cnblogs.com/maociyuan/你大爷" style="width:500px;"></input>
</div>
<div class ="qrcode">
<p>二维码:table 高度:<span id="heightTable"></span></p>
<div id="qrcodeTable"></div>
<p>二维码:canvas 高度:<span id="heightCanvas"></span></p>
<div id="qrcodeCanvas"></div>
<p>二维码:js 高度:<span id="heightJsQrcode"></span></p>
<div id="qrcode"></div>
</div>
<script>
function qrcodeTable(){
var elText = document.getElementById("text").value;
if (!elText) {
alert("Input a text");
elText.focus();
return;
}
$(‘#qrcodeTable‘).empty();
$(‘#qrcodeTable‘).qrcode({
render : "table",
width:150,
height:150,
text : elText
});
$("#heightTable").text($("#qrcodeTable").height());
}
function qrcodeCanvas(){
var elText = document.getElementById("text").value;
if (!elText) {
alert("Input a text");
elText.focus();
return;
}
$(‘#qrcodeCanvas‘).empty();
$(‘#qrcodeCanvas‘).qrcode({
render : "table",
width:150,
height:150,
text : elText
});
$("#heightCanvas").text($("#qrcodeTable").height());
}
var qrcode = new QRCode(document.getElementById("qrcode"), {
width : 150,
height : 150
});
function makeCode () {
var elText = document.getElementById("text");
if (!elText.value) {
alert("Input a text");
elText.focus();
return;
}
qrcode.makeCode(elText.value);
$("#heightJsQrcode").text($("#qrcode").height());
}
makeCode();
qrcodeTable();
qrcodeCanvas();
$("#text").
on("blur", function () {
makeCode();
qrcodeTable();
qrcodeCanvas();
}).
on("keydown", function (e) {
if (e.keyCode == 13) {
makeCode();
qrcodeTable();
qrcodeCanvas();
}
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
附一个转utf-8的js函数
function toUtf8(str) {
var out, i, len, c;
out = "";
len = str.length;
for(i = 0; i < len; i++) {
c = str.charCodeAt(i);
if ((c >= 0x0001) && (c <= 0x007F)) {
out += str.charAt(i);
} else if (c > 0x07FF) {
out += String.fromCharCode(0xE0 | ((c >> 12) & 0x0F));
out += String.fromCharCode(0x80 | ((c >> 6) & 0x3F));
out += String.fromCharCode(0x80 | ((c >> 0) & 0x3F));
} else {
out += String.fromCharCode(0xC0 | ((c >> 6) & 0x1F));
out += String.fromCharCode(0x80 | ((c >> 0) & 0x3F));
}
}
return out;
}
参考资料
https://github.com/jeromeetienne/jquery-qrcode
http://happyqing.iteye.com/blog/2292524
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/maociyuan/p/5725411.html