Ansible是一种集成系统的配置管理工具，使用Ansible可以批量管理服务器，应用的部署，批量的执行命令，并且Ansible还是一款轻量的开源软件，Ansible部署简单，使用yum包就可安装，但是功能的确相当的丰富，所以今天特地来聊聊Ansible。Ansible还有一个特点就是无需安装agent，使用ssh认证就可以远程控制服务器，这也是我喜欢他的一个原因，如果你python够牛的话，还可以自己定制模块，并且还有api接口，许多自动化运维平台都是调用他的。首先，先看一下安装过程：
系统：centos6.5
Python版本：python -V
Python 2.6.6
Yum安装
rpm -Uvh http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
Yum -y install ansible
pip安装
//安装依赖环境
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ git python-devel python-setuptools python-simplejson
#下载sshpass的yum源
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
wget http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:Strahlex/CentOS_CentOS-6/home:Strahlex.repo
#刷新yum源数据库
yum makecache
#安装sshpass
yum -y install sshpass
#安装pip
tar zxf pip-1.5.4.tar.gz
cd pip-1.5.4
python setup.py install
#使用pip安装ansible的模块
pip install markupsafe paramiko PyYAML jinja2 httplib2 pycrypto-on-pypi
#使用pip安装ansible
pip install ansible
#查看ansible版本 如果出现版本号，则安装成功
ansible --version
安装后配置
#创建/etc/ansible
mkdir /etc/ansible
#创建主配置文件
vim /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
##内容可从文章后面复制##
#创建/hosts文件
vim /etc/ansible/hosts
#进行ping测试
ansible -i hosts all -m ping
错误：
原因：服务端没有客户端ssh秘钥
解决思路：将客户端秘钥导入到服务端
解决方法：
1、在服务端运行ssh命令到相关客户端，并保存秘钥
2、在ansible主配置文件中打开选项host_key_checking = False
ansible主配置文件内容 #可直接复制到/etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
[defaults]
#inventory = /etc/ansible/hosts
# ↑指定ansible主机文件
#library = /usr/share/my_modules/
#remote_tmp = $HOME/.ansible/tmp
#local_tmp = $HOME/.ansible/tmp
#forks = 5
# ↑默认并行处理量
#poll_interval = 15
#sudo_user = root
# ↑默认执行命令的用户
#ask_sudo_pass = True
#ask_pass = True
# ↑是否需要输入密码
#transport = smart
#remote_port = 22
# ↑默认远程端口
#module_lang = C
#module_set_locale = True
#gathering = implicit
#gather_subset = all
#roles_path = /etc/ansible/roles
host_key_checking = False
# ↑关闭客户机key检查
#stdout_callback = skippy
#callback_whitelist = timer, mail
#task_includes_static = True
#handler_includes_static = True
#sudo_exe = sudo
#sudo_flags = -H -S -n
#timeout = 10
#ssh连接超时时间
#remote_user = root
# ↑远程ssh用户
#log_path = /var/log/ansible.log
# ↑日志记录文件位置
#module_name = command
#executable = /bin/sh
#hash_behaviour = replace
#private_role_vars = yes
#jinja2_extensions = jinja2.ext.do,jinja2.ext.i18n
#private_key_file = /path/to/file
# ↑本地密码文件，第一行为密码
#vault_password_file = /path/to/vault_password_file
#ansible_managed = Ansible managed: {file} modified on %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S by {uid} on {host}
#ansible_managed = Ansible managed: {file} on {host}
#display_skipped_hosts = True
#display_args_to_stdout = False
#error_on_undefined_vars = False
#system_warnings = True
#deprecation_warnings = True
#action_plugins = /usr/share/ansible/plugins/action
#callback_plugins = /usr/share/ansible/plugins/callback
#connection_plugins = /usr/share/ansible/plugins/connection
#lookup_plugins = /usr/share/ansible/plugins/lookup
#vars_plugins = /usr/share/ansible/plugins/vars
#filter_plugins = /usr/share/ansible/plugins/filter
#test_plugins = /usr/share/ansible/plugins/test
#strategy_plugins = /usr/share/ansible/plugins/strategy
#bin_ansible_callbacks = False
#nocows = 1
#cow_selection = default
#cow_selection = random
#cow_whitelist=bud-frogs,bunny,cheese,daemon,default,dragon,elephant-in-snake,elephant,eyes,\
#nocolor = 1
#fact_caching = memory
#retry_files_enabled = False
#retry_files_save_path = ~/.ansible-retry
#squash_actions = apk,apt,dnf,package,pacman,pkgng,yum,zypper
#no_log = False
#no_target_syslog = False
#allow_world_readable_tmpfiles = False
#var_compression_level = 9
#module_compression = ‘ZIP_DEFLATED‘
#max_diff_size = 1048576
[privilege_escalation]
#become=True
#become_method=sudo
#become_user=root
#become_ask_pass=False
[paramiko_connection]
#record_host_keys=False
#pty=False
[ssh_connection]
#ssh_args = -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s
#control_path = %(directory)s/ansible-ssh-%%h-%%p-%%r
#pipelining = False
#scp_if_ssh = True
#sftp_batch_mode = False
[accelerate]
#accelerate_port = 5099
#accelerate_timeout = 30
#accelerate_connect_timeout = 5.0
#accelerate_daemon_timeout = 30
#accelerate_multi_key = yes
[selinux]
#special_context_filesystems=nfs,vboxsf,fuse,ramfs
#libvirt_lxc_noseclabel = yes
[colors]
#highlight = white
#verbose = blue
#warn = bright purple
#error = red
#debug = dark gray
#deprecate = purple
#skip = cyan
#unreachable = red
#ok = green
#changed = yellow
#diff_add = green
#diff_remove = red
#diff_lines = cyan
本文出自 “西门吹牛” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://taixin.blog.51cto.com/11725086/1844375
原文地址：http://taixin.blog.51cto.com/11725086/1844375
