标签：varnish 负载均衡 动静分离 反向代理 缓存加速
app3:172.16.0.54
varnish 简介
安装配置varnish
[root@varnish1 ~]# yum install varnish-3.0.4 -y
[root@varnish1 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/varnish #varnish 的配置文件
NFILES = 131072 #打开的最大文件数
MEMLOCK = 82000# 82M，日志使用的共享内存
NPROCS = "unlimited" #最大的线程数
RELOAD_VCL = 1 # 每次重启都重新编译加载vcl。
VARNISH_VCL_CONF=/etc/varnish/default.vcl #默认使用的vcl文件
VARNISH_LISTEN_PORT=80 # vanish 监听的端口
VARNISH_ADMIN_LISTEN_ADDRESS=127.0.0.1 #
VARNISH_ADMIN_LISTEN_PORT=6082# varnish 管理监听的ip和端口
VARNISH_SECRET_FILE=/etc/varnish/secret #varnish 管理的 秘钥文件
VARNISH_MIN_THREADS=50 #varnish 启动的最小线程数
VARNISH_MAX_THREADS=1000 #最大线程数
VARNISH_THREAD_TIMEOUT=120 # 线程的超时过期时间，线程空闲超过设定的时间，线程就会被释放掉。
#VARNISH_STORAGE_FILE=/var/lib/varnish/varnish_storage.bin #varnish 使用文件来存储
#VARNISH_STORAGE_SIZE=1G #使用多大的文件
VARNISH_MEMORY_SIZE=100M #varnish 使用内存来存储
VARNISH_STORAGE="malloc,${VARNISH_MEMORY_SIZE}" #varnish使用malloc方式来缓存。
#VARNISH_STORAGE="file,${VARNISH_STORAGE_FILE},${VARNISH_STORAGE_SIZE}" #varnish使用file的方式缓存。
VARNISH_TTL=120 #缺省TTL
DAEMON_OPTS="-a ${VARNISH_LISTEN_ADDRESS}:${VARNISH_LISTEN_PORT} -f ${VARNISH_VCL_CONF} -T ${VARNISH_ADMIN_LISTEN_ADDRESS}:${VARNISH_ADMIN_LISTEN_PORT} -t ${VARNISH_TTL} -w ${VARNISH_MIN_THREADS},${VARNISH_MAX_THREADS},${VARNISH_THREAD_TIMEOUT} -u varnish -g varnish -S ${VARNISH_SECRET_FILE} -s ${VARNISH_STORAGE}"#######################################################################
[root@varnish1 ~]# vim /etc/varnish/default.vcl #vcl的配置文件
probe staticcheck {
.url = "/test.html"; #请求的url
.interval = 60s; #探测的周期
.timeout = 3s; # 每次探测的过期时长
.window = 8; #基于最近多少次的探测进行，默认是8；
.threshold = 4; #在.window中指定的次数中，至少有多少次是成功的才判定后端主机正健康运行；
.initial = 3; #Varnish启动时对后端主机至少需要多少次的成功探测，默认同.threshold；
.expected_response = 200; #期望后端主机响应的状态码，默认为200；
}
#健康状态检查，检查静态
probe dycheck {
.url = "/test.php";
.interval = 60s;
.timeout = 3s;
.window = 8;
.threshold = 4;
.initial = 3;
.expected_response = 200;
}
#健康状态检查，检查动态
backend app1 {
.host = "172.16.0.52";
.port = "80";
.probe = dycheck;
}
backend app2 {
.host = "172.16.0.54";
.port = "80";
.probe = dycheck;
}
backend s1 {
.host = "127.0.0.1";
.port = "8080";
.probe = staticcheck;
}
#定义2个app主机，1个静态主机
director appservers round-robin {
# .retries = 5;
{.backend = app1;}
{.backend = app2;}
}
#定义一个负载均衡组，使用round-robin算法。
acl purgers {
"127.0.0.1";
"192.168.1.0"/24;
}
#定义 可以purge的acl。
sub vcl_recv {
if (req.request == "PURGE") {
if (!client.ip ~ purgers) {
error 405 "Method not allowed";
} #如果client 不是本地或者是192.168.1.0/24 网段的就不允许purge。
return (lookup);
}
if (req.http.x-forwarded-for) {
set req.http.X-Forwarded-For =
req.http.X-Forwarded-For + ", " + client.ip;
} else {
set req.http.X-Forwarded-For = client.ip;
} #定义后端web 可以记录真实的client的ip。
if (req.request != "GET" &&
req.request != "HEAD" &&
req.request != "PUT" &&
req.request != "POST" &&
req.request != "TRACE" &&
req.request != "OPTIONS" &&
req.request != "DELETE") {
return (pipe);
} #如果请求的不是get，head，put，post，trace，options，delete 就直接给pipe。
if (req.http.Authenticate || req.http.Authorization) {
return (pass);
} #请求的有认证信息的，直接给pass，交给后端处理。
if (req.request != "GET" && req.request != "HEAD"){
return (pass);
}# 请求的不是get，head方法，直接给pass，交给后端处理。
if (req.url ~ "^/$") {
unset req.http.cookie;
} #把首页去掉cookie。
if (req.url ~ "^/[^?]+\..(jpeg|jpg|png|gif|bmp|tif|tiff|ico|wmf|js|css|ejs|swf|txt|zip|exe|html|htm)(\?.*|)$") {
unset req.http.cookie;
set req.url = regsub (req.url,"\?.*$",""); #去掉Query Stings
if (req.http.Accept-Encoding){
if (req.url ~ "\.(jpg|png|gif|jpeg|)") {
remove req.http.Accept-Encoding;
}
elseif (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "gzip") {
set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "gzip";
}elseif (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "deflate") {
set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "deflate";
}else{
remove req.http.Accept-Encoding;
}# 静态文件的压缩处理
}
return (lookup);
}
if (req.url ~ "\.(php|cgi)($|\?)"){
set req.backend = appservers;
return (pass); #是动态文件交给后端appservers处理
} else {
set req.backend = s1;
return (lookup); #静态文件交个s1处理
}
}
sub vcl_hash {
hash_data(req.url);
if (req.http.host) {
hash_data(req.http.host);
} else {
hash_data(server.ip);
}
if (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "gzip") {
hash_data("gzip");
}
elseif (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "deflate") {
hash_data("deflate");
}
return (hash); #对Accept-Encoding 进行hash
}
sub vcl_hit {
if (req.request == "PURGE") {
purge;
error 200 "Purged";
} # 请求是purge的 就返回200，成功。
}
sub vcl_miss{
if (req.request == "PURGE") {
purge;
error 404 "NOT in cache";
} #请求 是purge，返回404.
}
sub vcl_pass {
if (req.request == "PURGE") {
error 502 "PURGE on a passed object";
} #请求是purge，返回502.
}
sub vcl_fetch {
if (req.url ~ "^/$") {
unset beresp.http.set-cookie;
} #对应主页去除cookie。
if (beresp.status == 500 || beresp.status == 501 || beresp.status == 502 || beresp.status ==503 || beresp.status ==504) {
set beresp.saintmode = 20s;
return (restart);
} # 如果status是500,501,502,503,504，则启动saintmode。
if (beresp.http.Pragma ~ "no-cache" || beresp.http.Cache-Control ~ "no-cache" || beresp.http.Cache-Control ~ "private" ) {
return (hit_for_pass);
}
if (beresp.http.Set-Cookie || beresp.ttl <= 0s || beresp.Vary == "*" ) {
set beresp.ttl = 120s;
return (hit_for_pass);
}
if (req.request == "GET" && req.url ~ "\.(html|ejs|jpg|jpeg|png|xsl|xml|swf|ico|gif|css|js|htm)$") {
set beresp.ttl = 600s;
}
if (req.request == "GET" && req.url ~ "^/[^?]+\.(css|js|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|tiff|tif|ico|swf|exe|zip|bmp|wmf)(\?.*|)$" ) {
set beresp.ttl = 300s;
}
if (!req.backend.healthy){
set req.grace = 1m;
}
return (deliver);
}
sub vcl_deliver {
if (obj.hits > 0) {
set resp.http.X-Cache = "HIT from" + " " + server.ip;
}
else {
set resp.http.X-Cache = "miss";
}
return (deliver);
}[root@varnish1 ~]# /etc/init.d/varnish start
[root@varnish1 ~]# varnishlog
0 CLI - Wr 200 19 PONG 1397943276 1.0
0 Backend_health - s1 Still healthy 4--X-RH 8 4 8 0.000689 0.001174 HTTP/1.1 200 OK
0 Backend_health - app1 Still healthy 4--X-RH 8 4 8 0.033177 0.010798 HTTP/1.1 200 OK
0 Backend_health - app2 Still healthy 4--X-RH 8 4 8 0.003488 0.003647 HTTP/1.1 200 OK
0 CLI - Rd ping
0 CLI - Wr 200 19 PONG 1397943279 1.0
会看到 健康状态检查的。检测varnish
第一次访问，查看x-cache 是miss的。第二次访问如下图
可以看到是 X-Cache：HIT from 192.168.1.151
使用varnishstat
命中率还是蛮高的哦
测试下purge：
防盗链配置：
在vcl_recv中添加：
if (req.http.referer ~ "http://.*") {
if (!(req.http.referer ~ "http://.*\.baidu\.com" ||
req.http.referer ~ "http://.*\.google\.com.*" ||
req.http.referer ~ "http://.*\.sogou\.com" ||
req.http.referer ~ "http://.*\.soso\.com" ||
req.http.referer ~ "http://.*\.so\.com")) {
set req.http.host = "www.mytest.com";
set req.url = "/templets/default/images/logo.gif";
}
return (lookup);
}不缓存大文件（比如大于10M）
sub vcl_recv {
if (req.http.x-pipe && req.restarts > 0) {
remove req.http.x-pipe;
return (pipe);
}
}
sub vcl_fetch {
if (beresp.http.Content-Length ~ "[0-9]{7,}") {
set req.http.x-pipe = "1";
return (restart);
}
}本文没有介绍DZ的安装，以及nginx的配置。nginx记录client的真实ip配置：
log_format mylogformat ‘ $http_x_forwarded_for- $remote_user [$time_local] ‘
‘ "$request" ‘
‘ "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" ‘;
access_log /var/log/nginx/access3_log mylogformat;本文出自 “小鱼儿” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://xiaoyuer3.blog.51cto.com/8622790/1408003
varnish的缓存加速，以及动静分离，负载均衡,布布扣,bubuko.com
标签：varnish 负载均衡 动静分离 反向代理 缓存加速
原文地址：http://xiaoyuer3.blog.51cto.com/8622790/1408003
