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在上一节提到,Openvswitch的内核模块openvswitch.ko会在网卡上注册一个函数netdev_frame_hook,每当有网络包到达网卡的时候,这个函数就会被调用。
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static
struct sk_buff *netdev_frame_hook(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
???if (unlikely(skb->pkt_type == PACKET_LOOPBACK))
??????return skb;
? ???port_receive(skb);
???return NULL;
}
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调用port_receive即是调用netdev_port_receive
#define port_receive(skb) netdev_port_receive(skb, NULL)
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void netdev_port_receive(struct sk_buff *skb, struct ip_tunnel_info *tun_info)
{
???struct vport *vport;
? ???vport = ovs_netdev_get_vport(skb->dev);
……
???skb_push(skb, ETH_HLEN);
???ovs_skb_postpush_rcsum(skb, skb->data, ETH_HLEN);
???ovs_vport_receive(vport, skb, tun_info);
???return;
error:
???kfree_skb(skb);
}
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在函数int ovs_vport_receive(struct vport *vport, struct sk_buff *skb, const struct ip_tunnel_info *tun_info)实现如下
int ovs_vport_receive(struct vport *vport, struct sk_buff *skb,
????????????const
struct ip_tunnel_info *tun_info)
{
???struct sw_flow_key key;
???......
???/* Extract flow from ‘skb‘ into ‘key‘. */
???error = ovs_flow_key_extract(tun_info, skb, &key);
???if (unlikely(error)) {
??????kfree_skb(skb);
??????return error;
???}
???ovs_dp_process_packet(skb, &key);
???return 0;
}
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在这个函数里面,首先声明了变量struct sw_flow_key key;
如果我们看这个key的定义
struct sw_flow_key {
???u8 tun_opts[255];
???u8 tun_opts_len;
???struct ip_tunnel_key tun_key; /* Encapsulating tunnel key. */
???struct {
??????u32 priority; /* Packet QoS priority. */
??????u32 skb_mark; /* SKB mark. */
??????u16 in_port; /* Input switch port (or DP_MAX_PORTS). */
???} __packed phy; /* Safe when right after ‘tun_key‘. */
???u32 ovs_flow_hash; /* Datapath computed hash value. */
???u32 recirc_id; /* Recirculation ID. */
???struct {
??????u8 src[ETH_ALEN]; /* Ethernet source address. */
??????u8 dst[ETH_ALEN]; /* Ethernet destination address. */
??????__be16 tci; /* 0 if no VLAN, VLAN_TAG_PRESENT set otherwise. */
??????__be16 type; /* Ethernet frame type. */
???} eth;
???union {
??????struct {
?????????__be32 top_lse; /* top label stack entry */
??????} mpls;
??????struct {
?????????u8 proto; /* IP protocol or lower 8 bits of ARP opcode. */
?????????u8 tos; /* IP ToS. */
?????????u8 ttl; /* IP TTL/hop limit. */
?????????u8 frag; /* One of OVS_FRAG_TYPE_*. */
??????} ip;
???};
???struct {
??????__be16 src; /* TCP/UDP/SCTP source port. */
??????__be16 dst; /* TCP/UDP/SCTP destination port. */
??????__be16 flags; /* TCP flags. */
???} tp;
???union {
??????struct {
?????????struct {
????????????__be32 src; /* IP source address. */
????????????__be32 dst; /* IP destination address. */
?????????} addr;
?????????struct {
????????????u8 sha[ETH_ALEN]; /* ARP source hardware address. */
????????????u8 tha[ETH_ALEN]; /* ARP target hardware address. */
?????????} arp;
??????} ipv4;
??????struct {
?????????struct {
????????????struct
in6_addr src; /* IPv6 source address. */
????????????struct
in6_addr dst; /* IPv6 destination address. */
?????????} addr;
?????????__be32 label; /* IPv6 flow label. */
?????????struct {
????????????struct
in6_addr target; /* ND target address. */
????????????u8 sll[ETH_ALEN]; /* ND source link layer address. */
????????????u8 tll[ETH_ALEN]; /* ND target link layer address. */
?????????} nd;
??????} ipv6;
???};
???struct {
??????/* Connection tracking fields. */
??????u16 zone;
??????u32 mark;
??????u8 state;
??????struct ovs_key_ct_labels labels;
???} ct;
? } __aligned(BITS_PER_LONG/8); /* Ensure that we can do comparisons as longs. */
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可见这个key里面是一个大杂烩,数据包里面的几乎任何部分都可以作为key来查找flow表
- tunnel可以作为key
- 在物理层,in_port即包进入的网口的ID
- 在MAC层,源和目的MAC地址
- 在IP层,源和目的IP地址
- 在传输层,源和目的端口号
- IPV6
所以,要在内核态匹配流表,首先需要调用ovs_flow_key_extract,从包的正文中提取key的值。
接下来就是要调用ovs_dp_process_packet了。
void ovs_dp_process_packet(struct sk_buff *skb, struct sw_flow_key *key)
{
???const
struct vport *p = OVS_CB(skb)->input_vport;
???struct datapath *dp = p->dp;
???struct sw_flow *flow;
???struct sw_flow_actions *sf_acts;
???struct dp_stats_percpu *stats;
???u64 *stats_counter;
???u32 n_mask_hit;
? ???stats = this_cpu_ptr(dp->stats_percpu);
? ???/* Look up flow. */
???flow = ovs_flow_tbl_lookup_stats(&dp->table, key, skb_get_hash(skb),
????????????????&n_mask_hit);
???if (unlikely(!flow)) {
??????struct dp_upcall_info upcall;
??????int error;
? ??????memset(&upcall, 0, sizeof(upcall));
??????upcall.cmd = OVS_PACKET_CMD_MISS;
??????upcall.portid = ovs_vport_find_upcall_portid(p, skb);
??????upcall.mru = OVS_CB(skb)->mru;
??????error = ovs_dp_upcall(dp, skb, key, &upcall);
??????if (unlikely(error))
?????????kfree_skb(skb);
??????else
?????????consume_skb(skb);
??????stats_counter = &stats->n_missed;
??????goto
out;
???}
? ???ovs_flow_stats_update(flow, key->tp.flags, skb);
???sf_acts = rcu_dereference(flow->sf_acts);
???ovs_execute_actions(dp, skb, sf_acts, key);
? ???stats_counter = &stats->n_hit;
? out:
???/* Update datapath statistics. */
???u64_stats_update_begin(&stats->syncp);
???(*stats_counter)++;
???stats->n_mask_hit += n_mask_hit;
???u64_stats_update_end(&stats->syncp);
}
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这个函数首先在内核里面的流表中查找符合key的flow,也即ovs_flow_tbl_lookup_stats,如果找到了,很好说明用户态的流表已经放入内核,则走fast path就可了。于是直接调用ovs_execute_actions,执行这个key对应的action。
如果不能找到,则只好调用ovs_dp_upcall,让用户态去查找流表。会调用static int queue_userspace_packet(struct datapath *dp, struct sk_buff *skb, const struct sw_flow_key *key, const struct dp_upcall_info *upcall_info)
它会调用err = genlmsg_unicast(ovs_dp_get_net(dp), user_skb, upcall_info->portid);通过netlink将消息发送给用户态。在用户态,有线程监听消息,一旦有消息,则触发udpif_upcall_handler。
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Slow Path & Fast Path
Slow Path:
当Datapath找不到flow rule对packet进行处理时
Vswitchd使用flow rule对packet进行处理。
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Fast Path:
将slow path的flow rule放在内核态,对packet进行处理
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Unknown Packet Processing
Datapath使用flow rule对packet进行处理,如果没有,则有vswitchd使用flow rule进行处理
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- 从Device接收Packet交给事先注册的event handler进行处理
- 接收Packet后识别是否是unknown packet,是则交由upcall处理
- vswitchd对unknown packet找到flow rule进行处理
- 将Flow rule发送给datapath
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Openvswitch原理与代码分析(4):网络包的处理过程
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/popsuper1982/p/5870181.html