转换流: InputStreamReader 和 OutputStreamWriter

public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
        
        String path  = "d:/chars.txt";
        //saveFile( path );
        
        //String path = "e:/javaex623/BreakTest.java";
        
        readFile( path );
    }
    
    //解决FileInputStream类的对象在读取汉字并显示时乱码理解
    public static void readFile( String path ) throws FileNotFoundException , IOException {
        FileInputStream  fis = null;
        InputStreamReader  isr = null;
        
        try {
            fis = new FileInputStream( path );
            isr = new InputStreamReader( fis , "utf-8"); //将fis文件的字节输入流转换成字符输入流。
            
            int x = isr.read(); //fis.read();
            while( x != -1 ){
                System.out.print( (char) x  );
                
                x = isr.read(); //fis.read();
            }
        
            System.out.println("\n读取完毕。");
            
        } finally {
            if( isr != null )
                isr.close();
            
            if( fis != null )
                fis.close();
        }
    }
    
    //解决用FileOutputStream对汉字存盘时失真现象
    public static void saveFile( String path ) throws FileNotFoundException , IOException {
        FileOutputStream  fos = null;
        char[] chs = {‘欢‘,‘迎‘,‘你‘,‘们‘,‘来‘,‘到‘,‘尚‘,‘学‘,‘堂‘,‘学‘,‘习‘,‘!‘};
        
        OutputStreamWriter  osw = null;
        
        try { 
            fos = new FileOutputStream( path );
            
            //将给定的字符转换成字节，再以字节流方式输出到fos文件的字节输出流中。即：最后以字节方式存盘。
            osw = new OutputStreamWriter( fos , "utf-8" );  //在存盘时，以"UTF-8"字符编码集来管理文字
            
            for(int i = 0; i < chs.length;  i++ ){
                osw.write( chs[i] );  //fos.write( chs[i] );
            }
            
            osw.flush(); //fos.flush();
            
            System.out.println("\n已将 " + Arrays.toString( chs ) + " 存盘到 " + path + "文件中了。");
        }finally {
            if( osw != null )
                osw.close();
            if( fos != null ){
                fos.close();
            }
        }

    }

package com.bjsxt.d821;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

public class ReadHomePageTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        URL  obj = null;
        InputStreamReader  isr = null;
        
        try {
            obj = new URL( "http://www.baidu.com" );
            
            isr = new InputStreamReader( obj.openStream() , "utf-8");
            
            int x = isr.read();
            while( x != -1 ){
                System.out.print( (char)x  );
                x = isr.read();
            }
            
            System.out.println("\n读取 百度主页内容完毕。 ");
            
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                isr.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        
    }
}