标签：recognized primary default contain careful
1.LVM
1.划分物理分区并把分区id修改为8e
[root@desktop24 ~]# fdisk /dev/vdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x708b697d.
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p):
Using default response p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-20971519, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-20971519, default 20971519):+500M
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 500 MiB is set
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
e extended
Select (default p):
Using default response p
Partition number (2-4, default 2):
First sector (1026048-20971519, default 1026048):
Using default value 1026048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (1026048-20971519, default 20971519):+500M
Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 500 MiB is set
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1,2, default 2):
Hex code (type L to list all codes): l
0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
1 FAT12 27 Hidden NTFS Win 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FSdata
6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS /.
7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux plaintext de DellUtility
8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access
a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6Aux a5 FreeBSD ee GPT
f W95 Ext‘d (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor
12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary
16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS /HFS+ fb VMware VMFS
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE
18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX be Solaris boot ff BBT
1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition ‘Linux‘ to ‘Linux LVM‘
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1,2, default 2): 1
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition ‘Linux‘ to ‘Linux LVM‘
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/vdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x708b697d
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vdb1 2048 1026047 512000 8e Linux LVM
/dev/vdb2 1026048 2050047 512000 8e Linux LVM
Command (m for help): wq
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@desktop24 ~]# partprobe
再添加一个分区
[root@desktop24 ~]# pvcreate /dev/vdb1
Physical volume "/dev/vdb1"successfully created
[root@desktop24 ~]# vg taxing /dev/vdb1
bash: vg: command not found...
[root@desktop24 ~]# vgcreate taxing /dev/vdb1
Volume group "taxing"successfully created
[root@desktop24 ~]# lvcreate -L 100M -n timo taxing
Logical volume "timo"created
[root@desktop24 ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/taxing/timo
meta-data=/dev/taxing/timo isize=256 agcount=4,agsize=6400 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=25600, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=853, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0,rtextents=0
[root@desktop24 ~]# mount /dev/taxing/timo /mnt/
[root@desktop24 ~]# df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1 104739003805212 6668688 37% /
devtmpfs 481120 0 481120 0% /dev
tmpfs 496708 84 496624 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 496708 13072 483636 3% /run
tmpfs 496708 0 496708 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/taxing-timo 98988 5280 93708 6% /mnt
设备可以无限扩大，文件系统受限制
[root@desktop24 ~]# lvextend -L 200M /dev/taxing/timo 扩展lv(文件设备)
Extending logical volume timo to 200.00MiB
Logical volume timo successfullyresized
[root@desktop24 ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/taxing/timo 延伸格式更新文件(类似mkfs_xfs,,,)在线扩展
meta-data=/dev/mapper/taxing-timo isize=256 agcount=4, agsize=6400 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=25600, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=853, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0,rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 25600 to 51200
[root@desktop24 ~]# pvcreate /dev/vdb2 创建pv物理卷
Physical volume "/dev/vdb2"successfully created
[root@desktop24 ~]# vgextend taxing /dev/vdb2 扩展vg卷组
Volume group "taxing"successfully extended
[root@desktop24 ~]# lvextend -L 600M /dev/taxing/timo 扩展lv到指定大小
Extending logical volume timo to 600.00MiB
Logical volume timo successfullyresized
[root@desktop24 ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/taxing/timo 延拓文件大小
meta-data=/dev/mapper/taxing-timo isize=256 agcount=8, agsize=6400 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=51200, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=853, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 51200 to 153600
监控命令
[root@desktop24 Desktop]# watch -n 1 ‘echo "=== pvinfo ===";pvs;echo"=== vginfo ===";vgs;echo === lvinfo ===;lvs;df -h /mnt‘
缩小
[root@desktop24 Desktop]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/taxing-timo xfs文件不支持缩小
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
38400 inodes, 153600 blocks
7680 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=157286400
5 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
7680 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
[root@desktop24 Desktop]# resize2fs /dev/taxing/timo 200M 缩小设备文件大小
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Please run ‘e2fsck -f /dev/taxing/timo‘ first.
[root@desktop24 Desktop]# e2fsck -f /dev/taxing/timo 检测设备文件
e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/taxing/timo: 11/38400 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 6740/153600blocks
[root@desktop24 Desktop]# resize2fs /dev/taxing/timo 200M 先缩小设备文件大小
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/taxing/timo to 51200 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/taxing/timo is now 51200 blocks long.
[root@desktop24 Desktop]# lvreduce -L 300M /dev/taxing/timo 再缩小系统文件大小
WARNING: Reducing active logical volumeto 300.00 MiB
THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystemetc.)
Do you really want to reduce timo? [y/n]: y
Reducing logical volume timo to 300.00MiB
Logical volume timo successfullyresized
[root@desktop24 Desktop]# pvmove /dev/vdb1 /dev/vdb2 把系统文件1的数据移动到系统文件2上
/dev/vdb1: Moved: 37.3%
/dev/vdb1: Moved: 100.0%
[root@desktop24 Desktop]# vgreduce taxing /dev/vdb1 把系统文件/dev/vdb1从卷组中剔除
Removed "/dev/vdb1" fromvolume group "taxing"
[root@desktop24 Desktop]# pvremove /dev/vdb1 移除系统文件/dev/vdb1
Labels on physical volume"/dev/vdb1" successfully wiped
[root@desktop24 Desktop]# fdisk /dev/vdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1,2, default 2):
Partition 2 is deleted
Command (m for help): wq
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device orresource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.
[root@desktop24 Desktop]# partprobe
Error: Partition(s) 2 on /dev/vdb have been written, but we have been unable toinform the kernel of the change, probably because it/they are in use. As a result, the old partition(s) will remainin use. You should reboot now beforemaking further changes.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 1
Partition 1 is deleted
[root@desktop24 Desktop]# fdisk /dev/vdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 1
Partition 1 is deleted
[root@desktop24 Desktop]# partprobe
Error: Partition(s) 2 on /dev/vdb have been written, but we have been unable toinform the kernel of the change, probably because it/they are in use. As a result, the old partition(s) will remainin use. You should reboot now beforemaking further changes.
[root@desktop24 Desktop]# fdisk /dev/vdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 1
Partition 1 is deleted
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/vdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x708b697d
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): wq
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device orresource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.
[root@desktop24 Desktop]# partprobe
Error: Partition(s) 2 on /dev/vdb have been written, but we have been unable toinform the kernel of the change, probably because it/they are in use. As a result, the old partition(s) will remainin use. You should reboot now beforemaking further changes.
[root@desktop24 Desktop]# vgreduce --removemissing
Please give volume group name
Run `vgreduce --help‘ for moreinformation.
[root@desktop24 Desktop]# vgreduce --removemissing taxing
PVJoduaI-RPH9-xZQ6-MnhZ-q78e-450f-zIu2vU not recognised. Is the devicemissing?
PVJoduaI-RPH9-xZQ6-MnhZ-q78e-450f-zIu2vU not recognised. Is the devicemissing?
Wrote out consistent volume grouptaxing
含有数据的设备不能删除
设备文件快照
[root@desktop24 Desktop]# lvcreate -L 300M -n zed -s /dev/taxing/timo
Logical volume "zed"created
[root@desktop24 Desktop]# mount /dev/taxing/zed /mnt/
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move LogCpy%Sync Convert
timo taxing owi-a-s--- 300.00m
zed taxing swi-aos--- 300.00m timo 0.00
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/taxing-zed 181M 616K 166M 1% /mnt
标签：recognized primary default contain careful
原文地址：http://12118369.blog.51cto.com/12108369/1871429
