图灵奖牛人介绍

年YEAR

获奖者Recipients

贡献Known For

1966

Alan J. Perlis 1922 – 1990

编程技术和编译器 IT, ALGOL

1967

Maurice Wilkes 1913 –  2010

第一台计算机EDSAC  EDSAC, Mercury Delay Line Memory,  Microprogramming, Library

1968

Richard Hamming 1915 – 1998

数字方法，编码系统，错误检测、纠错码 Hamming code,  window, numbers, distance

1969

Marvin Minsky 1927 - 2016

人工智能   AI

1970

James H. Wilkinson 1919 - 1986

数字分析 Wilkinson matrix
 Wilkinson‘s polynomial

1971

John McCarthy 1927 - 2011

人工智能 AI; Lisp; Circumscription;  Situation calculus

1972

Edsger W. Dijkstra 1930 - 2002

算法 Dijkstra‘s algorithm

1973

Charles W. Bachman 1924 -

数据库 Integrated Data Store

1974

Donald E. Knuth 1938 -

算法 The Art of Computer Programming

1975

Allen Newell 1927 - 1992

人工智能，人类识别 Information Processing  Language Soar， Logic Theory Machine, General Problem  Solver, Bounded rationality Satisficing

Herbert A. Simon 1916 - 2001

1976

Michael O. Rabinand 1931 -

非确定性状态机、算法、自动化
 Nondeterministic finite automata
 Randomized algorithms

Dana S. Scott 1932 -

1977

John Backus 1924 - 2007

Fortran编程语言 Speedcoding, FORTRAN, ALGOL, Backus–Naur  form, Function-level programming

1978

Robert W. Floyd 1936 - 2001

算法分析 Floyd–Warshall  algorithm, Floyd–Steinberg dithering, Floyd‘s  cycle-finding algorithm

1979

Kenneth E. Iverson 1920 - 2004

编程语言 Programming languages: APL, J

1980

Tony Hoare 1934 -

算法, 编程语言

1981

Edgar F. Codd 1923 - 2003

关系型数据库   OLAP, Relational model
 Codd‘s 12 rules, Boyce–Codd normal form

1982

Stephen A. Cook 1939 -

NP问题, 计算复杂度 NP-completeness, Propositional  proof complexity, Cook-Levin theorem

1983

Ken Thompson 1943 -

UNIX操作系统 Unix, B, UTF-8, Go

Dennis M. Ritchie 1941 - 2011

UNIX操作系统 ALTRAN, B, C, Unix

1984

Niklaus Wirth 1934 -

编程语言 Algol, Euler, Pascal, Modula,  Oberon

1985

Richard M. Karp 1935 -

网络算法, NP问题  Edmonds–Karp algorithm,
 Karp‘s 21 NP-complete problems, Hopcroft–Karp  algorithm, Karp–Lipton theorem, Rabin–Karp string search algorithm

1986

John Hopcroftand 1939 -

算法和数据结构 Algorithms and data structures

Robert Tarjan 1948 -

1987

John Cocke 1925 - 2002

RISC指令集 RISC, CYK algorithm

1988

Ivan Sutherland 1938 -

计算机图形 Father of computer graphics
 Sketchpad

1989

William Kahan 1933 -

数字分析, 浮点数 IEEE  754, Kahan summation algorithm

1990

Fernando J. Corbató 1926 -

大型分时复用计算机系统 Multics

1991

Robin Milner 1934 - 2010

并发系统 LCF, ML，  CCS

1992

Butler W. Lampson 1943 -

工作站, 网络, 操作系统 SDS 940, Xerox Alto

1993

Juris Hartmanisand 1928 -

计算复杂度理论

Richard E. Stearns 1936 -

1994

Edward Feigenbaum 1936 -

人工智能、专家系统 Expert system, DENDRAL  project

Raj Reddy 1937 -

1995

Manuel Blum 1938 -

计算复杂度理论 Blum complexity axioms,  speedup theorem, Blum Shub, Blum-Goldwasser cryptosystem

1996

Amir Pnueli 1941 - 2009

计算机理论-时间逻辑  Temporal Logic

1997

Douglas Engelbart 1925 - 2013

鼠标, 超文本, 交互式计算 Computer mouse, Hypertext, Groupware, Interactive computing

1998

Jim Gray 1944 - 2007

数据库 OLTP, ACID

1999

Frederick P. Brooks 1931 -

大型机, 人月神话  OS/360, The Mythical Man-Month

2000

Andrew Chi-Chih Yao 1946 -

计算机理论 伪随机数, 加密,  Yao‘s Principle

2001

Ole-Johan Dahland 1931 - 2002

面向对象编程 Simula Object-oriented  programming

Kristen Nygaard 1926 - 2002

2002

Ronald L. Rivest 1947 -

RSA加密算法

Adi Shamir 1952 -

Leonard M. Adleman 1945 -

2003

Alan Kay 1940 -

视窗，笔记本 Dynabook, Smalltalk, graphical  user interface windows, object-oriented programming

2004

Vinton G. Cerfand 1943 -

网络 TCP/IP, Internet Society

Robert E. Kahn 1938 -

2005

Peter Naur 1928 - 2016

编程语言 ALGOL

2006

Frances E. Allen 1932 -

编译器 High-performance computing,  parallel computing, compiler organization, optimization

2007

Edmund M. Clarke 1945 -

建模检测 Development of Model-Checking

E. Allen Emersonand 1954 -

Joseph Sifakis 1946 -

2008

Barbara Liskov 1939 -

分布式，编程语言 Venus (operating system), CLU  and Argus, Thor (object-orientated database),
 Liskov substitution principle

2009

Charles P. Thacker 1943 -

个人计算机, PC, 以太网  Alto (computer)

2010

Leslie G. Valiant 1949 -

计算理论 Valiant–Vazirani  theorem, Counting problem (complexity)

2011

Judea Pear 1936 -

人工智能 Artificial Intelligence,  Causality, Bayesian Networks

2012

Silvio Micali 1954 -

加密复杂度理论 Goldwasser–Micali cryptosystem
 Zero-knowledge proof, Pseudorandom Functions
 Peppercoin

Shafi Goldwasser 1958 -

2013

Leslie Lamport 1941 -

PAXOS, TLA, 分布式 Sequential consistency, Atomic Register Hierarchy,  Lamport‘s bakery algorithm, Byzantine fault tolerance, Paxos

2014

Michael Stonebraker 1943 -

数据库 Ingres, Postgres, Vertica,  Streambase, Illustra, VoltDB, SciDB

2015

Martin E. Hellman 1945 -

密码学 Diffie–Hellman  key exchange

Whitfield Diffie 1944