Maven在生成环境的使用及其配置说明

Public Repositories

Group(组)

包括了 Releases、Snapshots、3^rd party 、Central、Sonatype Repository

3^rd party

Hosted（本地库）

主要用于上传远程仓库没有的jar如：ojdbc-1.6.jar dubbo-2.8.4.jar jcaptcha-2.0-alpha-1.jar

Epublib-core-3.0.jar fastdfs-client-java-1.25.jar

Apache Snapshots

Proxy(代理)

https://repository.apache.org/snapshots/

Central

Proxy(代理) 中央库

http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/

阿里云的中央库速度比较快

Releases

稳定版本

Simba项目稳定版本发布地址

Sonatype

开发版本

Simba 项目开发版本发布地址

MAVEN_HOME

F:\tools\apache-maven-3.2.3

配置path 加入: %MAVEN_HOME% %MAVEN_HOME%\bin

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"

          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">

  <localRepository>F:\maven_repo</localRepository>

  <pluginGroups>

  </pluginGroups>

  <proxies>

  </proxies>

  <servers>

<server>

<id>nexus-snapshots</id>

<username>admin</username>

<password>admin123</password>

</server>

<server>

<id>nexus-releases</id>

<username>admin</username>

<password>admin123</password>

</server>

  </servers>

  <mirrors>

<mirror>

<id>nexus</id>

        <mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>     

        <url>http://192.168.210.185:8081/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>

    </mirror>

  </mirrors>

  <profiles>

<profile>

<id>jdk-1.8</id>

<activation>

<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>

<jdk>1.8</jdk>

</activation>

<properties>

<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>

<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>

<maven.compiler.compilerVersion>1.8</maven.compiler.compilerVersion>

</properties>

</profile>

<!-- 指定默认的开发环境 -->

<profile>

      <id>environment</id>

  <!-- 默认激活 -->

      <activation>

        <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>

      </activation>

  <properties>

<environment.type>dev</environment.type>

  </properties>

    </profile>

<profile>

<!-- 生产环境 -->

<id>product</id>

<activation>

<property>

<name>environment.type</name>

<value>pro</value>

</property>

</activation>

<properties>

<profiles.active>pro</profiles.active>

<jdbc.driverClassName>jdbc.driverClassName.prosetting</jdbc.driverClassName>

<jdbc.url>urlsetting</jdbc.url>

<jdbc.username>usernamesetting</jdbc.username>

<jdbc.password>passwordsetting</jdbc.password>

</properties>

</profile>

<profile>

       <id>nexus</id>

       <repositories>

         <repository>

           <id>nexus</id>

           <name>Nexus</name>

           <url>http://192.168.210.185:8081/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>

           <releases><enabled>true</enabled></releases>

           <snapshots><enabled>true</enabled></snapshots>

         </repository>

       </repositories>

       <pluginRepositories>

         <pluginRepository>

           <id>nexus</id>

             <name>Nexus</name>

             <url>http://192.168.210.185:8081/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>

             <releases><enabled>true</enabled></releases>

             <snapshots><enabled>true</enabled></snapshots>

         </pluginRepository>

       </pluginRepositories>

     </profile>

  </profiles>

  <activeProfiles>

    <activeProfile>nexus</activeProfile>

  </activeProfiles>

</settings>

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<localRepository>F:\maven_repo</localRepository>

本地仓库地址

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<server>

<id>nexus-snapshots</id>

<username>admin</username>

<password>admin123</password>

</server>

<server>

<id>nexus-releases</id>

<username>admin</username>

<password>admin123</password>

</server>

Maven打包发布时候需要的账号密码。

Snapshots测试版本

Releases 稳定版本

注：可以为不同的项目配置不同的账号及其密码

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<mirror>

<id>nexus</id>

        <mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>     

        <url>http://192.168.210.185:8081/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>

    </mirror>

配置镜像

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<profile>

       <id>nexus</id>

       <repositories>

         <repository>

           <id>nexus</id>

           <name>Nexus</name>

           <url>http://192.168.210.185:8081/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>

           <releases><enabled>true</enabled></releases>

           <snapshots><enabled>true</enabled></snapshots>

         </repository>

       </repositories>

       <pluginRepositories>

         <pluginRepository>

           <id>nexus</id>

             <name>Nexus</name>

             <url>http://192.168.210.185:8081/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>

             <releases><enabled>true</enabled></releases>

             <snapshots><enabled>true</enabled></snapshots>

         </pluginRepository>

       </pluginRepositories>

     </profile>

  </profiles>

配置

Repositories

pluginRepositories

地址到nexus

本地项目下载jar从nexus上下载(包括maven 插件的jar)

5

  <activeProfiles>

    <activeProfile>nexus</activeProfile>

  </activeProfiles>

激活 Profile

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<profile>

<id>jdk-1.8</id>

<activation>

<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>

<jdk>1.8</jdk>

</activation>

<properties>

<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>

<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>

<maven.compiler.compilerVersion>1.8</maven.compiler.compilerVersion>

</properties>

</profile>

指定开发环境默认JDK版本为JDK1.8

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<!-- 指定默认的开发环境 -->

<profile>

      <id>environment</id>

  <!-- 默认激活 -->

      <activation>

        <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>

      </activation>

  <properties>

<environment.type>dev</environment.type>

  </properties>

    </profile>

激活开发环境配置

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<profile>

<!-- 生产环境 -->

<id>product</id>

<activation>

<property>

<name>environment.type</name>

<value>pro</value>

</property>

</activation>

<properties>

<profiles.active>pro</profiles.active>

<jdbc.driverClassName>jdbc.driverClassName.prosetting</jdbc.driverClassName>

<jdbc.url>urlsetting</jdbc.url>

<jdbc.username>usernamesetting</jdbc.username>

<jdbc.password>passwordsetting</jdbc.password>

</properties>

</profile>

激活product生成环境配置

打包时候会替生产环境的相应配置

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<groupId>com.rjsoft.simba.common</groupId>

<artifactId>simba-common-parent</artifactId>

<packaging>pom</packaging>

<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

<name>parent</name>

父pom.xml坐标 groupId、artifactId

父pom.xml的packaging类型必须是pom

Version 版本号其中SNAPSHOT表示发布到snapshot仓库

Name 名称

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<modules>

<module>../simba-common</module>

<module>../simba-common-core</module>

<module>../simba-common-web</module>

<module>../simba-component-redis</module>

<module>../simba-component-fastdfs</module> 

<module>../simba-config-uums</module>

<module>../simba-facade-uums</module>

<module>../simba-service-uums</module> 

<module>../simba-web-uums</module>

<module>../simba-server-api/simba-uums-api</module>

</modules>

Modules 包含的模块

方便统一构建

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<url>http://maven.apache.org/</url>

项目帮助地址、在生成站点信息时候使用 mvn site

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<properties>

<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>

<!-- Simba： 项目的工程版本号 begin -->

<!-- common projects -->

<simba-common.version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</simba-common.version>

用户自定义变量。 Maven包含5种变量：

系统属性

自定义属性

project.*

settings.*

env.*

Maven内置变量说明：

${basedir} 项目根目录

${project.build.directory} 构建目录，缺省为target

${project.build.outputDirectory} 构建过程输出目录，缺省为target/classes

${project.build.finalName} 产出物名称，缺省为${project.artifactId}-${project.version}

${project.packaging} 打包类型，缺省为jar

${project.xxx} 当前pom文件的任意节点的内容

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<distributionManagement>

<repository>

<id>nexus-releases</id>

<name>nexus-releases</name>

<url>http://192.168.210.185:8081/nexus/content/repositories/releases/</url>

</repository>

<snapshotRepository>

<id>nexus-snapshots</id>

<name>nexus-snapshots</name>

<url>http://192.168.210.185:8081/nexus/content/repositories/snapshots/</url>

</snapshotRepository>

</distributionManagement>

部署地址。包含正式版本部署地址、开发版部署地址

命令：mvn clean deploy

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<dependencyManagement>

<dependencies>

<!--Spring begin -->

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>

<version>${spring.version}</version>

</dependency>

父pom统一定义依赖的jar文件的版本号。子模块只要指定groupId 和 artifactId 即可，无需指定版本号

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>

</dependency>

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<build>

  <plugins>

  <plugin>

<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>

<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>

</plugin>

<plugin>

<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>

<artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>

</plugin>

<plugin>

        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>

        <artifactId>maven-surefire-report-plugin</artifactId>

      </plugin>

  </plugins>

  </build>

插件使用

maven-surefire-report-plugin

用于生成HTML格式的报告

maven-compiler-plugin

编译源代码

maven-source-plugin

提供项目自动将源码打包并发布的功能

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<parent>

<groupId>com.rjsoft.simba.common</groupId>

<artifactId>simba-common-parent</artifactId>

<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

<relativePath>../simba-common-parent</relativePath>

  </parent>

指定parent. Parent 中配置依赖包的版面、公共插件等信息

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<groupId>com.rjsoft.simba.service</groupId>

  <artifactId>simba-service-uums</artifactId>

  <packaging>jar</packaging>

Simba service uums的坐标

因为是dubbo的服务提供者 使用jar的方式打包

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<dependencies>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>

</dependency>

依赖的包。其中jar依赖的版本version在simba-common-parent中定义

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<resource>

<targetPath>${project.build.directory}/classes</targetPath>

<directory>src/main/resources</directory>

<filtering>true</filtering>

<includes>

<include>**/*.xml</include>

<include>**/*.properties</include>

</includes>

</resource>

打包时候将相应的配置文件进行打包。如果不太确定配置文件的类型可以使用：

<include>**/*</include>

Filtering true 表示：

是否使用过滤器。其中的配置文件在构建的时候会被pom中定义的属性替换掉。实现一个项目部署到不同的环境

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<resource>

<targetPath>${project.build.directory}/classes/META-INF/spring</targetPath>

<directory>src/main/resources/spring</directory>

<filtering>true</filtering>

<includes>

<include>spring-context.xml</include>

</includes>

</resource>

Dubbo采用standalone（独立运行，不需要tomcat等容器）需要将配置文件spring-context.xml打包到/META-INF/spring下面。Dubbo手册中描述：

Spring Container

· 自动加载META-INF/spring目录下的所有Spring配置。

· 配置：(配在java命令-D参数或者dubbo.properties中)

· dubbo.spring.config=classpath*:META-INF/spring/*.xml ----配置spring配置加载位置

<plugin>

<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>

<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>

<configuration>

<classesDirectory>target/classes/</classesDirectory>

<archive>

<manifest>

<mainClass>com.alibaba.dubbo.container.Main</mainClass>

<!-- 打包时 MANIFEST.MF文件不记录的时间戳版本 -->

<useUniqueVersions>false</useUniqueVersions>

<addClasspath>true</addClasspath>

<classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>

</manifest>

<manifestEntries>

<Class-Path>.</Class-Path>

</manifestEntries>

</archive>

</configuration>

</plugin>

<plugin>

<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>

<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>

<executions>

<execution>

<id>copy-dependencies</id>

<phase>package</phase>

<goals>

<goal>copy-dependencies</goal>

</goals>

<configuration>

<type>jar</type>

<includeTypes>jar</includeTypes>

<outputDirectory>

${project.build.directory}/lib

</outputDirectory>

</configuration>

</execution>

</executions>

</plugin>

插件maven-jar-plugin：

打包jar文件时，配置manifest文件，加入lib包的jar依赖

插件maven-dependency-plugin：

解决Maven插件在Eclipse内执行了一系列的生命周期引起冲突 

mvn clean

清除产生的项目

mvn test

运行测试

mvn install

在本地Repository中安装jar

mvn deploy

发布

mvn compile

编译源代码

mvn test-compile

编译测试代码

mvn site

产生site

mvn package

打包

mvn -Dtest package

组合使用goal命令，如只打包不测试

mvn jar:jar

只打jar包

mvn test -skipping compile -skipping test-compile

只测试而不编译，也不测试编译

( -skipping 的灵活运用，当然也可以用于其他组合命令) 

mvn archetype:create 
   -DgroupId=packageName 
   -DartifactId=projectName

创建Maven的普通java项目

mvn archetype:create 
    -DgroupId=packageName    
    -DartifactId=webappName 
   -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp

创建Maven的Web项目

mvn eclipse:eclipse

生成eclipse项目

mvn idea:idea

生成idea项目

mvn eclipse:clean

清除eclipse的一些系统设置

mvn help:describe -Dplugin=help
mvn help:describe -Dplugin=help -Dfull
mvn help:describe -Dplugin=compiler -Dmojo=compiler -Dfull
mvn help:describe-pom  
mvn help:describe -Dplugin=eclipse 

maven 插件帮助信息

mvn help:effective-pom

查看有效pom

mvn cobertura:cobertura

代码覆盖率

mvn install -PrunTest

指明使用的profiles

mvn clean install -Denvironment.type=prod

指明自定义参数的值

mvn help:active-profiles

查看生效的profile