标签：ram 面向连接 响应 indexof array hostname res bsp length
类
1、InetAddress InetSocketAddress
2、URL
3、TCP:ServerSocket Socket
4、UDP:DatagramSocket DatagramPacket
1、InetAddress:封装计算机的ip地址和dns,没有端口
方法:
getHostAddress() 返回ip地址
getHostName() 返回域名|本机为计算机名
InetAddress.getLocalHost();
InetAddress.getByName("ip地址|域名");
2、InetSocketAddress:封装端口
1)、创建对象:
InetSocketAddress(String hostname, int port)
InetSocketAddress(InetAddress addr, int port)
2)、方法：
getAddress()//返回IP
getHostName() //返回hostname
getPort() //返回端口
3、URI:统一资源标识符，用来标识唯一资源
URL:统一资源定位器，是一种具体的URI
4部分组成：协议、存放资源的主机域名、端口、资源文件名
一、创建
URL(String spec) :绝对路径构建
URL url = new URL(" http://www.baidu.com:80/index.html#aa?username=bjsxt");
URL(URL context, String spec) :相对路径构建
url = new URL("http://www.baidu.com:80/a/");
url = new URL(url, "b.txt");//相对路径
System.out.println(url.toString());
输出：http://www.baidu.com:80/a/b.txt
二、方法
System.out.println("协议:"+url.getProtocol());
System.out.println("域名:"+url.getHost());
System.out.println("端口:"+url.getPort());
System.out.println("资源:"+url.getFile());
System.out.println("相对路径:"+url.getPath());
System.out.println("锚点:"+url.getRef()); //锚点
System.out.println("参数:"+url.getQuery());//?参数 :存在锚点 返回null ,不存在，返回正确
三、流
openStream();//返回inputstream
UDP:以数据为中心，非面向连接，不安全，数据可能丢失，效率高(面向数据)
类：DataGramSocket DatagramPacket
1、客户端
1)、创建DatagramSocket +指定端口
2)、准备数据 字节数组
3)、打包 DatagramPacket + 服务器地址 及端口
4）、发送
5）、释放资源
//创建服务器端+端口
DatagramSocket server = new DatagramSocket(8888);
//准备接受容器
byte[] container = new byte[1024];
//封装成包 datagramPacket(byte[] buf,ing length)
DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(container,container.length);
//接受数据
server.receive(packet);
//分析数据
byte[] data = packet.getData();
int len = packet.getLength();
System.out.println(new String(data,0,len));
//释放资源
server.close();
2、服务器端：
1）、创建服务端 datagramSocket 类 +指定端口
2）、准备接受容器 字节数组 DatagramPacket
3）、包接受数据
4）、分析
5）、释放资源
//创建客户端+端口
DatagramSocket client = new DatagramSocket(6666);
//准备数据
String msg = "udp编程";
byte[] data = msg.getBytes();
//打包（发送的地点及端口）
DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length, new InetSocketAddress("localhost",8888));
//发送’
client.send(packet);
//释放资源
client.close();
byte[] data = null;
DataArrayOutputStream
传递数据和类型
使用dataInputStream/dataoutputstream
/*
* 字节数据+data 输入流
*/
public static double convert(byte[] data) throws IOException{
DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(data));
double num = dis.readDouble();
return num;
}
/*
* double转字节数组
*/
public byte[] convert(double data) throws IOException{
ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(bos);
dos.writeDouble(data);
dos.flush();
dos.close();
byte[] byteArray = bos.toByteArray();
return byteArray;
}
Socket通信
基于tcp，面向连接，安全可靠，效率低，类似于打电话
一、面向连接：请求-响应，request-response
二、socket编程
1、服务器端serverSocket
//创建服务器，指定端口
ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(8888);
//接受客户端连接 注射室
Socket socket = server.accept();
System.out.println("一个客户端建立连接");
//发送数据+接受数据
String msg = "欢迎使用";
/*BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
bw.write(msg);
bw.newLine();
bw.flush();*/
DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
dos.writeUTF(msg);
dos.flush();
2、客户端Socket
//创建客户端 不许指定服务器端+端口
Socket client = new Socket("localhost", 8888);
//接受数据+发送数据
/*BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(client.getInputStream()));
String echo = br.readLine();//阻塞式方法*/
DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(client.getInputStream());
String echo = dis.readUTF();
System.out.println(echo);
聊天室：
package socket; import java.io.DataInputStream; import java.io.DataOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.net.ServerSocket; import java.net.Socket; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; public class Demo { private List<MyChannel> all = new ArrayList<MyChannel>(); public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { new Demo().start(); } public void start() throws IOException{ //创建服务器，指定端口 ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(8888); while(true){ Socket socket = server.accept(); MyChannel channel = new MyChannel(socket); all.add(channel);//加入容器统一管理 new Thread(channel).start();//一条道路 } } /* * 一个客户端一条道路 */ class MyChannel implements Runnable { private DataInputStream dis; private DataOutputStream dos; private boolean isRunning = true; private String name; public MyChannel(Socket client) { try { //输入流，接受数据 dis = new DataInputStream(client.getInputStream()); //输出流，发送数据 dos = new DataOutputStream(client.getOutputStream()); this.name = dis.readUTF(); this.send("欢迎进入聊天室"); sendOthers(this.name +"进入了聊天室",true); } catch (IOException e) { isRunning = false; CloseUtil.closeAll(dis,dos); } } /* * 读取数据 */ private String receive(){ String msg = ""; try { msg = dis.readUTF(); System.out.println("服务器接收到客户端数据"+msg); } catch (IOException e) { isRunning = false; CloseUtil.closeAll(dis); all.remove(this);//移除自身 } return msg; } /* *发送数据 */ public void send(String msg){ System.out.println("服务器向其他客户端转发消息"+msg); if(null == msg || msg.equals("")){ return; } try { dos.writeUTF(msg); dos.flush(); } catch (IOException e) { isRunning = false; CloseUtil.closeAll(dos); all.remove(this);//移除自身 } } /* * 发送给其他客户端 */ private void sendOthers(String msg,boolean sys){ //是否为私聊，以@开头标识私聊 if(msg.startsWith("@") && msg.indexOf(":") > -1){//私聊 //获取name String name = msg.substring(1,msg.indexOf(":")); String content = msg.substring(msg.indexOf(":")+1);//indexOf左闭右开 for(MyChannel other:all){ if(other.name.equals(name)){ other.send(this.name + "对你说"+content); } } }else{ for(MyChannel other:all){ if(other == this){ //如果是自己不发送 continue; } if(sys){//系统信息 other.send("系统消息:"+msg); } else{ //发送给其他客户端 other.send(this.name +"对所人说:"+msg); } } } } @Override public void run() { while(isRunning){ sendOthers(receive(),false); } } } }
package socket; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.DataInputStream; import java.io.DataOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.net.Socket; public class DemoClient { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { System.out.println("请输入名称"); BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); String name = br.readLine(); if(name.equals("")){ return; } //创建客户端 不许指定服务器端+端口 Socket client = new Socket("localhost", 8888); new Thread(new Send(client,name)).start(); new Thread(new Receive(client)).start(); } } /* * 发送数据 */ class Send implements Runnable{ //控制台输入流 private BufferedReader console; //管道输出流 private DataOutputStream dos ; //名称 private String name ; //判断 private boolean inRunning = true; public Send() { console = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); } public Send(Socket client,String name){ this(); try { dos = new DataOutputStream(client.getOutputStream()); this.name = name; send(this.name); } catch (IOException e) { inRunning = false; CloseUtil.closeAll(dos,console); } } //从控制台接受数据 private String getMsgFrommConsole(){ try { return console.readLine(); } catch (IOException e) { // e.printStackTrace(); inRunning = false; CloseUtil.closeAll(dos,console); } return ""; } //发送数据 public void send(String msg){ if(null != msg && !msg.equals("")){ try { dos.writeUTF(msg); dos.flush(); } catch (IOException e) { //e.printStackTrace(); inRunning = false; CloseUtil.closeAll(dos,console); } } } @Override public void run() { while(inRunning){ send(getMsgFrommConsole()); } } } /* * 接受数据 */ class Receive implements Runnable{ private DataInputStream dis ; private boolean isRunning = true; public Receive() { } public Receive(Socket client) { try { dis = new DataInputStream(client.getInputStream()); } catch (IOException e) { isRunning = false; CloseUtil.closeAll(dis); } } /* * 接受数据 */ public String receive(){ String msg = ""; try { msg = dis.readUTF(); } catch (IOException e) { isRunning = false; CloseUtil.closeAll(dis); } return msg; } @Override public void run() { while(isRunning){ System.out.println(receive()); } } }
package socket; import java.io.Closeable; /* * 关闭流 */ public class CloseUtil { public static void closeAll(Closeable... io){//可变参数 for(Closeable temp:io){ try{ if(null != temp){ temp.close(); } }catch(Exception e){ } } } }
标签：ram 面向连接 响应 indexof array hostname res bsp length
原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/qull/p/6623925.html
