一、msf基本命令
1.ping
2.arp_sweep 利用arp请求枚举本地局域网中所有活跃的主机
use auxiliary/scanner/discovery/arp_sweep
3.udp_sweep UDP数据包枚举活跃主机
msf > use auxiliary/scanner/discovery/udp_sweep
二、Nmap进行主机扫描
个人感悟：
不能使用sT扫描参数
略（在我完成nmap综合学习后补全）
TARGET SPECIFICATION: #目标规格 Can pass hostnames, IP addresses, networks, etc. #选取主机名，IP，或者网络 Ex: scanme.nmap.org, microsoft.com/24, 192.168.0.1; 10.0.0-255.1-254 -iL <inputfilename>: Input from list of hosts/networks #导入列表中的目标 -iR <num hosts>: Choose random targets #（利用列表中的主机编号）导出任意目标 --exclude <host1[,host2][,host3],...>: Exclude hosts/networks --excludefile <exclude_file>: Exclude list from file HOST DISCOVERY: #活跃主机发掘策略 -sL: List Scan - simply list targets to scan #简单列表扫描策略 -sn: Ping Scan - disable port scan #仅使用ping命令扫描，不进行端口扫描 -Pn: Treat all hosts as online -- skip host discovery #仅扫描出在线主机 #不对主机进一#步扫描 -PS/PA/PU/PY[portlist]: TCP SYN/ACK, UDP or SCTP discovery to given ports #使用SYSN/ACK/UDP/SCTP技术挖掘端口 -PE/PP/PM: ICMP echo, timestamp, and netmask request discovery probes #使用ICMP echo .timestamp,netmask 请求作为探针 -PO[protocol list]: IP Protocol Ping #使用ip协议ping指令扫描 -n/-R: Never do DNS resolution/Always resolve [default: sometimes] #选择是否使用DNS解析 --dns-servers <serv1[,serv2],...>: Specify custom DNS servers --system-dns: Use OS‘s DNS resolver --traceroute: Trace hop path to each host #对路由路径进行跟踪 SCAN TECHNIQUES: #扫描策略 -sS/sT/sA/sW/sM: TCP SYN/Connect()/ACK/Window/Maimon scans -sU: UDP Scan -sN/sF/sX: TCP Null, FIN, and Xmas scans --scanflags <flags>: Customize TCP scan flags -sI <zombie host[:probeport]>: Idle scan #使用僵尸主机地址进行扫描 -sY/sZ: SCTP INIT/COOKIE-ECHO scans 、 -sO: IP protocol scan -b <FTP relay host>: FTP bounce scan PORT SPECIFICATION AND SCAN ORDER: #端口扫描策略 -p <port ranges>: Only scan specified ports #扫描特定端口 Ex: -p22; -p1-65535; -p U:53,111,137,T:21-25,80,139,8080,S:9 --exclude-ports <port ranges>: Exclude the specified ports from scanning -F: Fast mode - Scan fewer ports than the default scan #快速扫描 -r: Scan ports consecutively - don‘t randomize #连续端口扫描 --top-ports <number>: Scan <number> most common ports --port-ratio <ratio>: Scan ports more common than <ratio> SERVICE/VERSION DETECTION: -sV: Probe open ports to determine service/version info #判断版本信息 --version-intensity <level>: Set from 0 (light) to 9 (try all probes) --version-light: Limit to most likely probes (intensity 2) --version-all: Try every single probe (intensity 9) --version-trace: Show detailed version scan activity (for debugging) SCRIPT SCAN: #脚本扫描策略 -sC: equivalent to --script=default --script=<Lua scripts>: <Lua scripts> is a comma separated list of directories, script-files or script-categories --script-args=<n1=v1,[n2=v2,...]>: provide arguments to scripts --script-args-file=filename: provide NSE script args in a file --script-trace: Show all data sent and received --script-updatedb: Update the script database. --script-help=<Lua scripts>: Show help about scripts. <Lua scripts> is a comma-separated list of script-files or script-categories. OS DETECTION: #对系统进行判断 -O: Enable OS detection --osscan-limit: Limit OS detection to promising targets --osscan-guess: Guess OS more aggressively TIMING AND PERFORMANCE: 对扫描间歇时间进行设定 Options which take <time> are in seconds, or append ‘ms‘ (milliseconds), ‘s‘ (seconds), ‘m‘ (minutes), or ‘h‘ (hours) to the value (e.g. 30m). -T<0-5>: Set timing template (higher is faster) --min-hostgroup/max-hostgroup <size>: Parallel host scan group sizes --min-parallelism/max-parallelism <numprobes>: Probe parallelization --min-rtt-timeout/max-rtt-timeout/initial-rtt-timeout <time>: Specifies probe round trip time. --max-retries <tries>: Caps number of port scan probe retransmissions. --host-timeout <time>: Give up on target after this long --scan-delay/--max-scan-delay <time>: Adjust delay between probes --min-rate <number>: Send packets no slower than <number> per second --max-rate <number>: Send packets no faster than <number> per second FIREWALL/IDS EVASION AND SPOOFING: -f; --mtu <val>: fragment packets (optionally w/given MTU) -D <decoy1,decoy2[,ME],...>: Cloak a scan with decoys #使用欺骗地址 -S <IP_Address>: Spoof source address -e <iface>: Use specified interface #使用特定接口 -g/--source-port <portnum>: Use given port number #使用特定端口进行扫描 --proxies <url1,[url2],...>: Relay connections through HTTP/SOCKS4 proxies --data <hex string>: Append a custom payload to sent packets --data-string <string>: Append a custom ASCII string to sent packets --data-length <num>: Append random data to sent packets --ip-options <options>: Send packets with specified ip options --ttl <val>: Set IP time-to-live field --spoof-mac <mac address/prefix/vendor name>: Spoof your MAC address --badsum: Send packets with a bogus TCP/UDP/SCTP checksum OUTPUT: #对扫描结果进行输出 -oN/-oX/-oS/-oG <file>: Output scan in normal, XML, s|<rIpt kIddi3, and Grepable format, respectively, to the given filename. -oA <basename>: Output in the three major formats at once -v: Increase verbosity level (use -vv or more for greater effect) -d: Increase debugging level (use -dd or more for greater effect) --reason: Display the reason a port is in a particular state --open: Only show open (or possibly open) ports #仅显示开放或可能开放端口 --packet-trace: Show all packets sent and received #显示所有发送和接受到的包数据 --iflist: Print host interfaces and routes (for debugging) --append-output: Append to rather than clobber specified output files --resume <filename>: Resume an aborted scan --stylesheet <path/URL>: XSL stylesheet to transform XML output to HTML --webxml: Reference stylesheet from Nmap.Org for more portable XML --no-stylesheet: Prevent associating of XSL stylesheet w/XML output MISC: -6: Enable IPv6 scanning #使用ipv6扫描策略扫描 -A: Enable OS detection, version detection, script scanning, and traceroute #确定系统版本，服务版本等信息 --datadir <dirname>: Specify custom Nmap data file location --send-eth/--send-ip: Send using raw ethernet frames or IP packets --privileged: Assume that the user is fully privileged --unprivileged: Assume the user lacks raw socket privileges -V: Print version number -h: Print this help summary page. EXAMPLES: nmap -v -A scanme.nmap.org nmap -v -sn 192.168.0.0/16 10.0.0.0/8 nmap -v -iR 10000 -Pn -p 80 SEE THE MAN PAGE (https://nmap.org/book/man.html) FOR MORE OPTIONS AND EXAMPLES
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