Cobbler是一个快速网络安装linux的服务，而且在经过调整也可以支持网络安装windows。该工具使用python开发，小巧轻便，使用简单的命令即可完成PXE网络安装环境的配置，同时还可以管理DHCP，DNS，以及yum包镜像。
Cobbler支持命令行管理，web界面管理，还提供了API接口，可以方便二次开发使用。
优点： 和Kickstart不同的是，使用cobbler不会因为在局域网中启动了dhcp而导致有些机器因为默认从pxe启动在重启服务器后加载tftp内容导致启动终止
[root@cobbler ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core) [root@cobbler ~]# uname -r 3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64
[root@cobbler ~]# sed -i ‘s@^SELINUX=.*@SELINUX=disabled@g‘ /etc/selinux/config [root@cobbler ~]# setenforce 0 [root@cobbler ~]# systemctl stop firewalld [root@cobbler ~]# iptables -F [root@cobbler ~]# iptables -Z [root@cobbler ~]# iptables -X
cobbler服务器地址为10.0.0.128
[root@cobbler ~]# cd /server/tools/ [root@cobbler tools]# rpm -ivh https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm [root@cobbler tools]# rpm -qa epel-release
[root@cobbler tools]# yum -y install httpd dhcp tftp bind bind-chroot caching-nameserver python-ctypes cobbler cobbler-web pykickstart xinetd [root@cobbler ~]# rpm -ql cobbler #查看安装的文件｛部分｝ /etc/cobbler #配置文件目录 /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template #dncp服务配置模版 /etc/cobbler/dnsmasq.template #dns服务配置模版 /etc/cobbler/iso #iso模版配置文件目录 /etc/cobbler/modules.conf #cobbler模块配置文件 /etc/cobbler/power #电源管理配置文件目录 /etc/cobbler/pxe #pxe模板文件目录 /etc/cobbler/rsync.template #rsync服务配置模板 /etc/cobbler/settings #主配置文件 /etc/cobbler/tftpd.template #ftp服务配置模版 /etc/cobbler/users.conf #web服务授权配置文件 /etc/cobbler/users.digest #web访问用户名密码配置文件 /var/lib/cobbler #<==Cobbler数据目录 /var/lib/cobbler/config #<==配置文件 /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts #<==默认存放kickstart文件 /var/lib/cobbler/loaders #<==存放的各种引导程序 /var/www/cobbler #<==系统安装镜像目录 /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror #<==导入的系统镜像列表 /var/www/cobbler/images #<==导入的系统镜像启动文件 /var/www/cobbler/repo_mirror #<==yum源存储目录 /var/log/cobbler #<==日志目录 /var/log/cobbler/install.log #<==客户端系统安装日志 /var/log/cobbler/cobbler.log #<==cobbler日志 ######启动aoache和cobbler [root@cobbler ~]# systemctl start httpd [root@cobbler ~]# systemctl start cobblerd [root@cobbler ~]# systemctl enable httpd [root@cobbler ~]# systemctl enable cobblerd [root@cobbler ~]# yum -y install net-tools #安装netstat命令 [root@cobbler ~]# netstat -ntlpua|grep httpd tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::*LISTEN 2329/httpd tcp6 0 0 :::443 :::*LISTEN 2329/httpd [root@cobbler ~]# ps -ef|grep cobbler apache 2330 2329 0 11:05 ?00:00:00 (wsgi:cobbler_w -DFOREGROUND root 2359 1 0 11:06 ?00:00:00 /usr/bin/python2 -s /usr/bin/cobblerd -F root 2481 2064 0 11:10 pts/000:00:00 grep --color=auto cobbler
运行cobbler check，根据显示提示，进行下一步操作
[root@cobbler ~]# cobbler check The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix: 1 : The ‘server‘ field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than localhost, or kickstarting features will not work. This should be a resolvable hostname or IP for the boot server as reachable by all machines that will use it. 2 : For PXE to be functional, the ‘next_server‘ field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something otherthan 127.0.0.1, and should match the IP of the boot server on the PXE network. 3 : SELinux is enabled. Please review the following wiki page for details on ensuring cobbler works correctlyin your SELinux environment: https://github.com/cobbler/cobbler/wiki/Selinux 4 : change ‘disable‘ to ‘no‘ in /etc/xinetd.d/tftp 5 : some network boot-loaders are missing from /var/lib/cobbler/loaders, you may run ‘cobbler get-loaders‘ todownload them, or, if you only want to handle x86/x86_64 netbooting, you may ensure that you have installed a*recent* version of the syslinux package installed and can ignore this message entirely. Files in this directory, should you want to support all architectures, should include pxelinux.0, menu.c32, elilo.efi, and yaboot. The ‘cobbler get-loaders‘ command is the easiest way to resolve these requirements. 6 : enable and start rsyncd.service with systemctl 7 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories 8 : ksvalidator was not found, install pykickstart 9 : The default password used by the sample templates for newly installed machines (default_password_crypted in /etc/cobbler/settings) is still set to ‘cobbler‘ and should be changed, try: "openssl passwd -1 -salt ‘random-phrase-here‘ ‘your-password-here‘" to generate new one 10 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them Restart cobblerd and then run ‘cobbler sync‘ to apply changes.
说明
需要操作的选项有
cobbler配置文件settings
tftp配置文件
cobbler get-loaders
start rsyncd.service
设置系统的默认root密码
每次对cobbler相关配置文件的修改，都需要cobbler sync，才能使设置的参数生效
[root@cobbler ~]# cp /etc/cobbler/settings{,.ori}
[root@cobbler ~]# sed -i ‘s#next_server: 127.0.0.1#next_server: 10.10.10.128#g‘ /etc/cobbler/settings
[root@cobbler ~]# sed -i ‘s#server: 127.0.0.1#server: 10.10.10.128#g‘ /etc/cobbler/settings[root@cobbler tools]# sed -i ‘s@disable.*=.*@disable = no@g‘ /etc/xinetd.d/tftp [root@cobbler ~]# grep disable /etc/xinetd.d/tftp disable = no [root@cobbler ~]# systemctl start xinetd [root@cobbler ~]# lsof -i udp:69 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME xinetd 11384 root5u IPv4 31162 0t0 UDP *:tftp
[root@cobbler ~]# openssl passwd -1 -salt ‘cobbler‘ ‘cobbler‘ $1$cobbler$M6SE55xZodWc9.vAKLJs6. [root@cobbler ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings 101 default_password_crypted: "$1$cobbler$M6SE55xZodWc9.vAKLJs6."
[root@cobbler ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings 242 manage_dhcp: 1
sed -i ‘s/pxe_just_once: 0/pxe_just_once: 1/‘ /etc/cobbler/settings
[root@cobbler ~]# systemctl start rsyncd [root@cobbler ~]# lsof -i :873 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME rsync 11481 root4u IPv4 31490 0t0 TCP *:rsync (LISTEN) rsync 11481 root5u IPv6 31491 0t0 TCP *:rsync (LISTEN)
[root@cobbler tools]# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template
注意：
1、所分配的地址必须和服务器在同一个网段内
2、不要直接修改dhcp本身的配置文件，因为cobbler会覆盖
subnet 10.10.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
option routers 10.10.10.1;
option domain-name-servers 233.5.5.5;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
range dynamic-bootp 10.10.10.100 10.10.10.120;如果显示Could not resolve host,需检查dns
[root@cobbler ~]# cobbler get-loaders task started: 2017-04-19_202510_get_loaders task started (id=Download Bootloader Content, time=Wed Apr 19 20:25:10 2017) downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/README to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/README downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.elilo to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.elilo downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.yaboot to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.yaboot downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.syslinux to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.syslinux downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/elilo-3.8-ia64.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/elilo-ia64.efi downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/yaboot-1.3.17 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/pxelinux.0-3.86 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/menu.c32-3.86 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32 downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/grub-0.97-x86.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/grub-0.97-x86_64.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi *** TASK COMPLETE ***
[root@cobbler ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd [root@cobbler ~]# cobbler sync task started: 2017-04-19_224801_sync task started (id=Sync, time=Wed Apr 19 22:48:01 2017) running pre-sync triggers cleaning trees removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/efidefault removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/s390x/profile_list copying bootloaders copying: /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0 copying: /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/menu.c32 copying: /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot -> /var/lib/tftpboot/yaboot copying: /usr/share/syslinux/memdisk -> /var/lib/tftpboot/memdisk copying: /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi copying: /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi copying distros to tftpboot copying images generating PXE configuration files generating PXE menu structure rendering DHCP files generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf rendering TFTPD files generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp cleaning link caches running post-sync triggers running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/* running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services running: dhcpd -t -q received on stdout: received on stderr: running: service dhcpd restart received on stdout: received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/* running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* *** TASK COMPLETE *** [root@cobbler ~]# netstat -ntlupa|egrep "httpd|dhcpd|rsync|xinetd" tcp0 0 0.0.0.0:873 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 11481/rsync tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::*LISTEN 11280/httpd tcp6 0 0 :::443 :::*LISTEN 11280/httpd tcp6 0 0 :::873 :::*LISTEN 11481/rsync udp0 0 0.0.0.0:55026 0.0.0.0:* 11644/dhcpd udp0 0 0.0.0.0:67 0.0.0.0:* 11644/dhcpd udp0 0 0.0.0.0:69 0.0.0.0:* 11384/xinetd udp6 0 0 :::19187:::*11644/dhcpd [root@cobbler ~]#
systemctl enable httpd.service systemctl enable xinetd.service systemctl enable cobblerd.service systemctl enable dhcpd.service systemctl enable rsyncd.service
插入centos7的光盘或镜像 插入的系统光盘要是bin即DVD的4G镜像
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt/ --name=CentOS7.3_x86_64 --arch=x86_64 task started: 2017-04-19_230926_import task started (id=Media import, time=Wed Apr 19 23:09:26 2017) Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6 Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7 Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7 Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7-x86_64: creating new distro: CentOS-7-x86_64 trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7-x86_64 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/CentOS-7-x86_64 creating new profile: CentOS-7-x86_64 associating repos checking for rsync repo(s) checking for rhn repo(s) checking for yum repo(s) starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7-x86_64 for CentOS-7-x86_64 processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7-x86_64 need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7-x86_64 looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7-x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7-x86_64/repodata *** TASK COMPLETE ***
说明：
#<== --path 镜像路径 #<== --name 为安装源定义一个名字 #<== --arch 指定安装源是32位、64位、ia64, 目前支持的选项有: x86│x86_64│ia64 #<== 安装源的唯一标识就是根据name参数来定义，本例导入成功后，安装源的唯一标识就是：CentOS-7.1-x86_64，如果重复，系统会提示导入失败。 *** TASK COMPLETE *** #<==导入完成的标志
插入centos6的光盘或镜像， 插入的系统光盘要是bin即DVD的4G镜像
[root@localhost ~]# umount /mnt/ [root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/ [root@localhost ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt/ --name=CentOS6.8_x86_64 --arch=x86_64 task started: 2017-04-19_231649_import task started (id=Media import, time=Wed Apr 19 23:16:49 2017) Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6 Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6 Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.8_x86_64-x86_64: creating new distro: CentOS6.8-x86_64 trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.8_x86_64-x86_64 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/CentOS6.8-x86_64 creating new profile: CentOS6.8-x86_64 associating repos checking for rsync repo(s) checking for rhn repo(s) checking for yum repo(s) starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.8_x86_64-x86_64 for CentOS6.8-x86_64 processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.8_x86_64-x86_64 directory /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.8_x86_64-x86_64 is missing xml comps file, skipping *** TASK COMPLETE ***
[root@localhost ~]# ls /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror CentOS6.8_x86_64-x86_64 CentOS-7-x86_64 config
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler profile list CentOS-7-x86_64 CentOS6.8-x86_64
镜像存放目录,cobbler会将镜像中的所有安装文件拷贝到本地一份，放在/var/www/cobbler/ksmirror下的CentOS-6.7-x8664目录下。因此/var/www/cobbler目录必须具有足够容纳安装文件的空间
[root@cobbler kickstarts]# cobbler profile remove --name CentOS-7-x86_64 [root@cobbler kickstarts]# cobbler profile list CentOS6.8-x86_64 CentOS7.3-x86_64 [root@cobbler kickstarts]#
cobbler check #<==核对当前设置是否有问题 cobbler list #<==列出所有的cobbler元素 cobbler report #<==列出元素的详细信息 cobbler sync #<==同步配置到数据目录，更改配置最好都要执行下 cobbler reposync #<==同步yum仓库 cobbler distro #<==查看导入的发行版系统信息 cobbler system #<==查看添加的系统信息 cobbler profile #<==查看配置信息 [root@cobbler-node1 ~]# cobbler profile usage ===== cobbler profile add cobbler profile copy cobbler profile dumpvars cobbler profile edit cobbler profile find cobbler profile getks cobbler profile list #查看已导入的内容 cobbler profile remove #删除已导入的内容 cobbler profile rename cobbler profile report
以下实验均按照次ks文件内容操作
[root@cobbler kickstarts]# pwd /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts #该文件下还有许多模版可以参考 [root@cobbler ~]# vim /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos6.8-ks.cfg # Clear the Master Boot Record zerombr # Partition clearing information clearpart --all # Disk partitioning information part /boot --asprimary --fstype="ext4" --size=200 --ondisk sda part swap --asprimary --fstype="swap" --size=1024 --ondisk sda part / --asprimary --fstype="ext4" --grow --size=1 --ondisk sda %pre $SNIPPET(‘log_ks_pre‘) $SNIPPET(‘kickstart_start‘) $SNIPPET(‘pre_install_network_config‘) # Enable installation monitoring $SNIPPET(‘pre_anamon‘) %packages $SNIPPET(‘func_install_if_enabled‘) $SNIPPET(‘puppet_install_if_enabled‘) %post --nochroot $SNIPPET(‘log_ks_post_nochroot‘) %end %post $SNIPPET(‘log_ks_post‘) # Start yum configuration $yum_config_stanza # End yum configuration $SNIPPET(‘post_install_kernel_options‘) $SNIPPET(‘post_install_network_config‘) $SNIPPET(‘func_register_if_enabled‘) $SNIPPET(‘puppet_register_if_enabled‘) $SNIPPET(‘download_config_files‘) $SNIPPET(‘koan_environment‘) $SNIPPET(‘redhat_register‘) $SNIPPET(‘cobbler_register‘) # Enable post-install boot notification $SNIPPET(‘post_anamon‘) # Start final steps $SNIPPET(‘kickstart_done‘) # End final steps
请参照规范将文件放到/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts目录下,然后执行如下操作
[root@localhost kickstarts]# cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS6.8-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS6.8_x86_64.cfg [root@localhost kickstarts]# cobbler sync 说明：上边仅仅是个栗子！！！【ks文件需要自己修改上传】
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler distro report --name=CentOS6.8-x86_64
Name : CentOS6.8-x86_64
Architecture : x86_64
TFTP Boot Files: {}
Breed : redhat
Comment:
Fetchable Files: {}
Initrd : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.8_x86_64-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img
Kernel : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.8_x86_64-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz
Kernel Options : {}
Kernel Options (Post Install) : {}
Kickstart Metadata : {‘tree‘: ‘http://@@http_server@@/cblr/links/CentOS6.8-x86_64‘}
Management Classes : []
OS Version : rhel6
Owners : [‘admin‘]
Red Hat Management Key : <<inherit>>
Red Hat Management Server : <<inherit>>
Template Files : {}
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/pxe/pxedefault.template MENU TITLE Cobbler | http://cobbler.yanqi.io/ [root@localhost ~]# cobbler sync
如何指定某台服务器使用指定ks文件？ 区分一台服务器的最简单的方法就是物理MAC地址。物理服务器的MAC地址在服务器上的标签上写了。虚拟机的MAC查看如下：
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler system add --name=yanqi --mac=00:0C:29:4C:56:7D --profile=CentOS6.8-x86_64 --ip-address=10.10.10.111 --subnet=255.255.255.0 --gateway=10.10.10.100 --interface=eth0 --static=1 --hostname=yanqi.cobbler.com --name-servers="233.5.5.5 8.8.8.8" --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/sample.ks
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler system list
yanqi
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler sync
[root@localhost ~]# tailf -12 /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
group {
host generic1 {
hardware ethernet 00:0C:29:4C:56:7D;
fixed-address 10.10.10.111;
option host-name "yanqi.cobbler.com";
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
option routers 10.10.10.100;
filename "/pxelinux.0";
next-server 10.10.10.128;
}
}此时客户机，从pxe网络启动，将会自动的安装指定的系统，不需要任何选择。
https://10.10.10.128/cobbler_web
[root@cobbler ~]# htdigest /etc/cobbler/users.digest "cobbler" cobbler Adding user cobbler in realm cobbler New password: Re-type new password: [root@cobbler ~]# cobbler sync
注意此步在客户机上进行操作，客户端如果没能下载请使用阿里的yum源。
查看cobbler能重装的系统
[root@localhost ~]# koan --server=10.10.10.128 --list=profiles - looking for Cobbler at http://10.10.10.128:80/cobbler_api CentOS6.8_bin-x86_64 CentOS7.3-x86_64 CentOS6.8-x86_64 [root@localhost ~]# koan --replace-self --server=10.10.10.128 --profile=CentOS6.8_bin-x86_64 [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/grub.conf # grub.conf generated by anaconda # # Note that you do not have to rerun grub after making changes to this file # NOTICE: You have a /boot partition. This means that # all kernel and initrd paths are relative to /boot/, eg. # root (hd0,0) # kernel /vmlinuz-version ro root=/dev/sda3 # initrd /initrd-[generic-]version.img #boot=/dev/sda default=0 timeout=5 splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz hiddenmenu title kick1492939789 root (hd0,0) kernel /vmlinuz_koan ro rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_LVM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=autoKEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet ks=http://10.10.10.128/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/CentOS6.8_bin-x86_64 ksdevice=link kssendmac lang= text initrd /initrd.img_koan title CentOS 6 (2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64) root (hd0,0) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64 ro root=UUID=eb31b204-ddf5-4339-9603-a76b05141fb2 rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_LVM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=auto KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet initrd /initramfs-2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64.img
重启后，就会自动重装系统
1.添加repo [root@cobbler ~]# cobbler repo add --name=openstack-mitaka --mirror=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.3.1611/cloud/x86_64/openstack-mitaka/ --arch=x86_64 --breed=yum 2.同步repo [root@cobbler ~]# cobbler reposy
nc 3.添加repo到对应的profile [root@cobbler pxe]# cobbler profile list [root@cobbler pxe]# cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS7.3-x86_64 --repos="openstack-mitaka"
4.修改kickstart文件，添加如下。 [root@cobbler ~]# vi /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos7.3-ks.cfg %post 添加这个，将将把yum库添加进去 $yum_config_stanza %end
下次再安装系统后，openstack源地址就会指向该cobbler。
#!/usr/bin/env python
import xmlrpclib
server = xmlrpclib.Server("http://10.0.0.201/cobbler_api")
print server.get_distros()
print server.get_profiles()
print server.get_systems()
print server.get_images()
print server.get_repos()1、客户端安装koan
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install koan Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security Setting up Install Process Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.163.com * epel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.zju.edu.cn * updates: mirrors.163.com Error: xz compression not available
原因：该客户端的系统为centos6.8，大意安装了centos7的epel，解决方法：
[root@localhost ~]# yum remove epel-release #卸载epel源 [root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /var/cache/yum/x86_64/6/epel/ #清理epel 缓存 [root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-6.noarch.rpm [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install koan #可以安装了
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原文地址：http://huangyanqi.blog.51cto.com/12622147/1918669
