在上面的功能实现之前我们先来复习一下DNS 一些配置的基本格式:
ACL:
acl string {
address_match_element;
address_match_element;
... };ZONE :
#主服务器
zone string optional_class {
type master ;
file quoted_string;
...
};
#从服务器
zone string optional_class {
type slave ;
masters { MASTER_ADDRESS; }
file quoted_string;
...
};
#转发服务器
zone string optional_class {
type forward ;
forward {first|only};
forwarders { forward_address; }
...
};VIEW
# 一旦启动view，所有的zone只能定义在view中。
view string optional_class {
match-clients { address_match_element; ... };
match-destinations { address_match_element; ... };
zone string optional_class {
...
};访问控制指令：
allow-query { address_match_element; ... };
allow-transfer { address_match_element; ... };
allow-recursion { address_match_element; ... };
allow-update { address_match_element; ... };详情man named.conf
环境：两台centos6.5
IP1:192.168.1.16 , IP2:192.168.1.20
实现方式：将IP1配置成DNS服务器，在其下配置一个以IP2为域名的DNS服务器（子域）。只需在IP1的解析库文件里定义一个子域即可。
START:
关闭防火墙和selinux
首先配置IP1（192.168.1.16）：
修改配置文件
# cat /etc/named.conf
options {
listen-on port 53 { 192.168.1.16; 127.0.0.1; };//or delete this line
// listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
directory "/var/named";
dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
allow-query { any; };
recursion yes;
dnssec-enable no;
dnssec-validation no;
/* Path to ISC DLV key */
// bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key";
// managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic";
};添加zone:
# tail /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
zone "jiajie.com" IN {
type master;
file "jiajie.zone";
};配置解析库文件：
# vim /var/named/jiajie.zone $TTL 1D @ IN SOA ns1.jiajie.com. jjzgood.126.com. ( 20170509 1H 10M 5D 1D ) IN NS ns1 IN NS ns2 ns1 IN A 192.168.1.16 ns2 IN A 192.168.1.17 www IN A 192.168.1.17 * IN A 192.168.1.16 #在解析库里定义一个字域 ops IN NS ns1.ops ops IN NS ns2.ops ns1.ops IN A 192.168.1.20 ns2.ops IN A 192.168.1.21
修改权限和组：
#chmod 640 /var/named/jiajie.zone # chown :named /var/named/jiajie.zone # ll /var/named/jiajie.zone -rw-r----- 1 root named 292 5月 9 16:30 /var/named/jiajie.zone
重启服务：# service named restart
查看端口号：# ss -tlnp|grep :53
验证：
# host -t a www.jiajie.com 192.168.1.16 Using domain server: Name: 192.168.1.16 Address: 192.168.1.16#53 Aliases: www.jiajie.com has address 192.168.1.17
3.配置子域（IP2：192.168.1.20）
修改配置文件：
# cat /etc/named.conf
options {
listen-on port 53 { 192.168.1.16; 127.0.0.1; };//or delete this line
// listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
directory "/var/named";
dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
allow-query { any; };
recursion yes;
dnssec-enable no;
dnssec-validation no;
/* Path to ISC DLV key */
// bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key";
// managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic";
};添加ZONE:
# tail /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
zone "ops.jiajie.com" IN {
type master;
file "ops.jiajie.com.zone";
};配置解析库文件：
# vim /var/named/ops.jiajie.com.zone $TTL 1D @ IN SOA ns1.ops.jiajie.com. jjzgood.126.com. ( 20170509 1H 10M 5D 1D ) IN NS ns1 IN NS ns2 ns1 IN A 192.168.1.20 ns2 IN A 192.168.1.21 www IN A 192.168.1.20 * IN A 192.168.1.21
修改权限和组：
# chmod 640 /var/named/ops.jiajie.com.zone # chown named /var/named/ops.jiajie.com.zone
重启服务：# service named restart
查看端口号：# ss -tlnp|grep :53
验证：
# host -t a www.ops.jiajie.com 192.168.1.20 Using domain server: Name: 192.168.1.20 Address: 192.168.1.20#53 Aliases: www.ops.jiajie.com has address 192.168.1.20 # host -t a ftp.ops.jiajie.com 192.168.1.20 Using domain server: Name: 192.168.1.20 Address: 192.168.1.20#53 Aliases: ftp.ops.jiajie.com has address 192.168.1.21 -------------------------------------------- #注意上下两个使用的dns服务器是不同的 --------------------------------------------- # host -t a www.ops.jiajie.com 192.168.1.16 Using domain server: Name: 192.168.1.16 Address: 192.168.1.16#53 Aliases: www.ops.jiajie.com has address 192.168.1.20 [root@test1 ~]# host -t a ftp.ops.jiajie.com 192.168.1.16 Using domain server: Name: 192.168.1.16 Address: 192.168.1.16#53 Aliases: ftp.ops.jiajie.com has address 192.168.1.21
由上可以看出如果用父域来解析子域的地址是可以的，但是如果使用子域去解析父域的是解析不出来的（如下图）。此时我们可以在子域上设置一个转发服务器来解决上面的尴尬状况。
如下图：
# host -t a ftp.jiajie.com 192.168.1.20 Using domain server: Name: 192.168.1.20 Address: 192.168.1.20#53 Aliases: Host ftp.jiajie.com not found: 3(NXDOMAIN)
注意：本实验是基于上面的实验进行的。
首先在IP2（192.168.1.20）服务器上增加一个转发区域：
# tail /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
zone "jiajie.com" IN {
type forward;
forward only;
forwarders { 192.168.1.16; };
};重新加载配置服务：# rndc reload
此时我们就可以在子域上解析父域的地址了：
# host -t A ftp.jiajie.com 192.168.1.20 Using domain server: Name: 192.168.1.20 Address: 192.168.1.20#53 Aliases: ftp.jiajie.com has address 192.168.1.16
转发分为全局转发和区域转发
全局转发：凡是非本机所负责的解析区域的，统统转发给指定服务器。
option {
forward {first|only};
forwarders { address; }
};区域转发：只转发对特定区域的请求到指定服务器
zone {
type forward;
forward {first|only};
forwarders { address; }
};本实验是在上面两个实验的基础上进行修改的。
注意
一旦启用view，所有的zone都能定义在view中
一个bind可以定义多个view，每个view中可以定义一个或者多个zone。
多个view内可能需要对同一个区域进行解析，但使用不同的区域解析文件。
客户端请求到达时是自上而下检查view的。
配置：
配置IP1（192.168.1.16）
1.首先先把/etc/named.conf中的根区域移到/etc/named.rfc1912.zones文件中。
# vim /etc/named.conf
zone "." IN {
type hint;
file "named.ca";
};2.在/etc/named.conf文件首部添加一个acl
#vim /etc/named.conf
acl in_net {
192.168.1.16;
192.168.1.10;
127.0.0.0/24;
};3.添加两个view,注意第一个view将文件中的zone都圈起来，第二个view添加在文件的底部。
#将匹配acl内的IP
# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
view innet {
match-clients { in_net; };
allow-recursion { in_net; };
zone ...
...
};
}；
#匹配acl以外的IP
view outnet {
match-clients { any; };
zone "jiajie.com" IN {
type master;
file "jiajie.com.out";
allow-update { none; };
};
};4.cp /var/named/jiajie.zone /var/named/jiajie.com.out -a
5.编辑/var/named/jiajie.zone.out
# vim /var/named/jiajie.com.out $TTL 1D @ IN SOA ns1.jiajie.com. jjzgood.126.com. ( 20170509 1H 10M 5D 1D ) IN NS ns1 IN NS ns2 ns1 IN A 192.168.1.16 ns2 IN A 192.168.1.17 www IN A 2.2.2.2 * IN A 2.2.2.3
6.运行# rndc reload
7.验证：
#基于IP1（192.168.1.16）平台验证 # host www.jiajie.com 192.168.1.16 Using domain server: Name: 192.168.1.16 Address: 192.168.1.16#53 Aliases: www.jiajie.com has address 192.168.1.17 #基于IP2（192.168.1.20）平台验证 # host www.jiajie.com 192.168.1.16 Using domain server: Name: 192.168.1.16 Address: 192.168.1.16#53 Aliases: www.jiajie.com has address 2.2.2.2
windows平台验证：
由上面可以看出你虽然是访问同一个URL，但是如果你的IP地址不同，将会返回给你不同的地址，这样就实现了智能化。
2017/5/9 22:04:59
本文出自 “dianel简单不简单” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://dianel.blog.51cto.com/12170393/1923873
原文地址：http://dianel.blog.51cto.com/12170393/1923873
