标签：linux学习笔记
########配置电子邮件传输###############
##本单元涵盖的主题：
* 基本电子邮件配置
* 空壳电子邮件服务器配置
#######DNS服务###
服务端westos-mail.westos.com
1.安装
yum install bind -y
systemctl start named
2.配置文件
vim /etc/named.conf
11 // listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; };
12 // listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
13 directory "/var/named";
14 dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
15 statistics-file"/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
16 memstatistics-file"/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
17 // allow-query { localhost; };
18
32 dnssec-validation no;
vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
24 zone "westos.com" IN{
25 type master;
26 file"westos.com.zone";
27 allow-update { none; };
28 };
29 zone "qq.com" IN {
30 type master;
31 file "qq.com.zone";
32 allow-update { none; };
33 };
cp -p /var/named/named.localhost /var/named/westos.com.zone
vim westos.com.zone
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA dns.westos.com.root.westos.com. (
0 ; serial
1D ; refresh
1H ; retry
1W ; expire
3H ) ; minimum
NS dns.westos.com.
dns A 172.25.254.136
westos.com. MX 1 172.25.254.136.
vim qq.com.zone
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA dns.qq.com.root.qq.com. (
0 ; serial
1D ; refresh
1H ; retry
1W ; expire
3H ) ; minimum
NS dns.qq.com.
dns A 172.25.254.136
qq.com. MX 1 172.25.254.236.
systemctl restart named
dig -t mx westos.com
dig -t mx qq.com
客户端
systemctl stop firewalld
vim /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 172.25.254.136
dig -t mx qq.com
dig -t mx westos.com
########邮件发送与接收######
1.
postfix提供smtp协议用来投递邮件
默认端口25
/var/log/maillog ##服务日志
mail root@westos.com ##发送邮件给westos.com
Subject:hello ##主题
hello world ##邮件内容
. ##用"."来结束录入内容并发送
mailq ##查看邮件队列
postqueue -f ##重新处理邮件队列
mail ##接收方查看邮件
postsuper -d 24B0217E854 ##删除邮件序号
默认情况下邮件端口只在127.0.0.1上开启
2.配置(发送方和接收方都配置)
vim /etc/postfix/main.cf
76 myhostname = westos-mail.westos.com ##指定mta主机名称
83 mydomain = westos.com ##指定mta的域名
99 myorigin = westos.com ##指定邮件来源结尾（@后面的字符内容）
116 inet_interfaces = all ##25端口开启的网络接口
164 mydestination = $myhostname, $mydomain, localhost ##接收邮件结尾字符的指定
systemctl restart postfix
systemctl stop firewalld
测试：
[root@westos-mail ~]# mail root@qq.com
Subject: cuijiangbo
西安邮电大学
.
EOT
[root@westos-mail ~]# mailq
Mail queue is empty
接受端：
[root@qq-mail ~]# mail
Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10. Type ? for help.
"/var/spool/mail/root": 1 message 1 new
>N 1 root Mon May 22 23:59 21/741 "cuijiangbo"
& q
Held 1 message in /var/spool/mail/root
You have mail in /var/spool/mail/root
3.邮件别名
vim /etc/aliases
别名： 真名 ##邮件别名
别名： :include:/etc/postfix/filename ##邮件群发
haha:root
hello::include:/etc/postfix/qunfaname
vim /etc/postfix/filename
user1
user2
postalias /etc/aliases
测试：
mail 别名
[root@qq-mail ~]# mail admin@westos.com
[root@westos-mail ~]# mail hello@qq.com
4.远程主机发送邮件
安装：
yum install telnet -y
[root@foundation36 ~]# telnet 172.25.254.136 25 ##用25端口远程访问172.25.254.36
Trying 172.25.254.136...
Connected to 172.25.254.136.
Escape character is ‘^]‘.
220 westos-mail.westos.com ESMTP Postfix
ehlo haha ##连接172.25.254.136打招呼
250-westos-mail.westos.com
250-PIPELINING
250-SIZE 10240000
250-VRFY
250-ETRN
250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES
250-8BITMIME
250 DSN
mail from:root@westos.com ##从westos.com发送
250 2.1.0 Ok
rcpt to:root@qq.com ##发送到qq.com
250 2.1.5 Ok
hello
502 5.5.2 Error: command not recognized
data ##写邮件数据
354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF>
西安邮电大学
电子工程学院
.
250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as ED7DD17E874
quit
5.邮件客户端的访问控制
在mta上
postconf -e "smtpd_client_restrictions = check_client_accesshash:/etc/postfix/access"
vim /etc/postfix/access
172.25.254.36 REJECT ##拒绝172.25.254.36访问
postmap /etc/postfix/access ##加密并生成.db文件
systemctl restart postfix.service
测试:
[root@foundation36 ~]# telnet 172.25.254.136 25
Trying 172.25.254.136...
Connected to 172.25.254.136.
Escape character is ‘^]‘.
220 westos-mail.westos.com ESMTP Postfix
mail from:root@westos.com
250 2.1.0 Ok
rcpt to:root@qq.com
554 5.7.1 <unknown[172.25.254.36]>: Client host rejected: Accessdenied
##限制用户发送
postconf -e "smtpd_sender_restrictions = check_sender_accesshash:/etc/postfix/sender"
vim /etc/postfix/sender ##限制用户发送文件student
student@westos.com REJECT
postmap /etc/postfix/sender ##文件加密并生成.db文件
systemctl restart postfix ##重启
测试：
[root@foundation36 ~]# telnet 172.25.254.136 25
Trying 172.25.254.136...
Connected to 172.25.254.136.
Escape character is ‘^]‘.
220 westos-mail.westos.com ESMTP Postfix
mail from:student@westos.com
250 2.1.0 Ok
rcpt to:root:westos.com
554 5.7.1 <student@westos.com>: Sender address rejected: Accessdenied ##student用户拒绝发送
##限制用户接收
postconf -e"smtpd_recipient_restrictions = check_recipient_accesshash:/etc/postfix/recip"
vim /etc/postfix/recip ##限制用户接收文件
westos@westos.com REJECT ##限制westos用户
postmap /etc/postfix/recip ##文件加密并生成.db文件
systemctl restart postfix
测试：
[root@foundation36 ~]# telnet 172.25.254.136 25
Trying 172.25.254.136...
Connected to 172.25.254.136.
Escape character is ‘^]‘.
220 westos-mail.westos.com ESMTP Postfix
mail from:westos@westos.com
250 2.1.0 Ok
rcpt to:root@westos.com
250 2.1.5 Ok
data
354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF>
cui
xianyoudian^[[D^[[D^[[D^[[D
.
250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as 7197D17E87C
[root@foundation36 ~]# telnet 172.25.254.136 25
Trying 172.25.254.136...
Connected to 172.25.254.136.
Escape character is ‘^]‘.
220 westos-mail.westos.com ESMTP Postfix
mail from:root@westos.com
250 2.1.0 Ok
rcpt to:westos@westos.com
554 5.7.1 <westos@westos.com>: Recipient address rejected: Access denied##westos拒绝接收
6.##出站地址伪装
postconf -e "smtp_generic_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/generic"
vim /etc/postfix/generic
westos@westos.com hello@haha.com
postmap /etc/postfix/generic
systemctl restart postfix
测试：
发送方：
su - westos
mail root@qq.com
[westos@westos-mail ~]$ mail root@qq.com
接收方：
[root@qq-mail ~]# mail
Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10. Type? for help.
"/var/spool/mail/root": 1 message 1 new
>N 1 hello@haha.com Sat May 20 22:30 21/720 "uiii"
& 1
7.##入站地址转换
vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
zone "haha.com" IN {
type master;
file"haha.com.zone";
allow-update { none; };
};
vim /var/named/haha.com.zone
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA dns.haha.com.root.haha.com. (
0 ; serial
1D ; refresh
1H ; retry
1W ; expire
3H ) ; minimum
NS dns.haha.com.
dns A 172.25.254.136
haha.com. MX 1 172.25.254.136.
systemctl restart named
dig -t mx haha.com
dns mx 记录解析先做好
postconf -e "virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual"
vim /etc/postfix/virtual
虚拟名字 真实用户
hello@haha.com westos@westos.com
postmap /etc/postfix/virtual
systemctl restart postfix
测试：
发送方:
[root@qq-mail ~]# mail hello@haha.com
Subject: xiyou
fhsjfd
sfhkjdjkjfdj
.
EOT
接收方：
[westos@westos-mail ~]$ mail
Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10. Type? for help.
"/var/spool/mail/westos": 1 message 1 new
>N 1 root Sat May 20 22:45 22/728 "xiyou"
&
Message 1:
From root@qq.com Sat May 20 22:45:242017
Return-Path: <root@qq.com>
X-Original-To: hello@haha.com
Delivered-To: westos@westos.com
Date: Sat, 20 May 2017 22:45:23 -0400
To: hello@haha.com
Subject: xiyou
User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.5 7/5/10
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
From: root@qq.com (root)
Status: R
fhsjfd
sfhkjdjkjfdj
&
####dovecot##########
/etc/services ##端口列表
/etc/shells ##定义shell类型
1.dovecot 用来提供收件协议
pop3 110
imap 143
imaps 993
pop3s 995
给定用户名称，用户密码，dovecot程序代我们去看这个用户的邮件文件
2.安装
yum install dovecot -y
systemctl start dovecot
3.
vim /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf
24 protocols = imap pop3 lmtp
48 login_trusted_networks = 0.0.0.0/0
49 disable_plaintext_auth = no
vim /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-mail.conf
30 mail_location = mbox:~/mail:INBOX=/var/mail/%u
systemctl restart dovecot
[westos@westos-mail ~]$ mkdir /home/westos/mail/.imap -p
[westos@westos-mail ~]$ touch /home/westos/mail/.imap/INBOX
测试:
mutt -f pop://westos@172.25.254.136
mkdir /etc/skel/mail/.imap -p
touch /etc/skel/mail/.imap/INBOX
##########postfix+mariadb########
1.
vim /etc/postfix/mailuser.cf ##用户名称查询
host = localhost ##数据库所在主机
user = postuser ##登陆数据库的用户
password = postuser ##登陆数据库的用户密码
dbname = email ##postfix要查询的库的名称
table = emailtable ##postfix要查询的表的名称
select_field = username ##postfix要查询的字段
where_field = username ##用户给定postfix的查询条件
vim /etc/postfix/maildomain.cf ##用户域名查询
host = localhost
user = postuser
password = postuser
dbname = email
table = emailtable
select_field = domain
where_field = domain
vim /etc/postfix/mailbox.cf ##用户邮箱位置查询
host = localhost
user = postuser
password = postuser
dbname = email
table = emailtable
select_field = maildir
where_field = username
测试：
postmap -q "cui@cui.com"mysql:/etc/postfix/mailuser.cf
cui@cui.com
postmap -q "cui.com"mysql:/etc/postfix/maildomain.cf
cui.com
postmap -q "cui@cui.com"mysql:/etc/postfix/mailbox.cf
/mnt/cui.com/cui/
标签：linux学习笔记
原文地址：http://cuijiangbo.blog.51cto.com/12755072/1928801
