raid10

建立raid1+0双层架构的方法
先创建raid1再使用创建的raid1创建raid0
[root@ZQ ~]# ll /dev/sd*
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8,  0 Jun  4 05:35 /dev/sda
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8,  1 Jun  4 05:35 /dev/sda1
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8,  2 Jun  4 05:35 /dev/sda2
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8,  3 Jun  4 05:35 /dev/sda3
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 16 Jun  4 05:47 /dev/sdb
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 17 Jun  4 05:51 /dev/sdb1
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 18 Jun  4 05:51 /dev/sdb2
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 32 Jun  4 06:18 /dev/sdc
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 33 Jun  4 06:24 /dev/sdc1
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 34 Jun  4 06:24 /dev/sdc2
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 35 Jun  4 06:24 /dev/sdc3
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 48 Jun  4 05:35 /dev/sdd
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 64 Jun  4 21:45 /dev/sde
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 65 Jun  4 22:00 /dev/sde1
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 66 Jun  4 22:00 /dev/sde2
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 67 Jun  4 22:00 /dev/sde3
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 68 Jun  4 21:45 /dev/sde4
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 69 Jun  4 22:00 /dev/sde5
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 70 Jun  4 22:06 /dev/sde6
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 80 Jun  4 05:35 /dev/sdf


[root@ZQ ~]# fdisk /dev/sdf
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x951e738e.

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-20971519, default 2048): 
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-20971519, default 20971519): +1G
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is set

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (2-4, default 2): 2
First sector (2099200-20971519, default 2099200): 
Using default value 2099200
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2099200-20971519, default 20971519): +1G
Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is set

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (3,4, default 3): 3
First sector (4196352-20971519, default 4196352): 
Using default value 4196352
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (4196352-20971519, default 20971519): +1G
Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is set

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (3 primary, 0 extended, 1 free)
   e   extended
Select (default e): p
Selected partition 4
First sector (6293504-20971519, default 6293504): 
Using default value 6293504
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (6293504-20971519, default 20971519): +1G
Partition 4 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is set

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdf: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x951e738e

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdf1            2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
/dev/sdf2         2099200     4196351     1048576   83  Linux
/dev/sdf3         4196352     6293503     1048576   83  Linux
/dev/sdf4         6293504     8390655     1048576   83  Linux

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@ZQ ~]# ll /dev/sdf*
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 80 Jun  4 22:26 /dev/sdf
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 81 Jun  4 22:26 /dev/sdf1
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 82 Jun  4 22:26 /dev/sdf2
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 83 Jun  4 22:26 /dev/sdf3
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 84 Jun  4 22:26 /dev/sdf4


先创建两个底层的 raid1
[root@ZQ ~]# mdadm -C -v /dev/md11 -l 1 -n 2 /dev/sdf{1,2}
mdadm: Note: this array has metadata at the start and
    may not be suitable as a boot device.  If you plan to
    store ‘/boot‘ on this device please ensure that
    your boot-loader understands md/v1.x metadata, or use
    --metadata=0.90
mdadm: size set to 1047552K
Continue creating array? y
mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
mdadm: array /dev/md11 started.
[root@ZQ ~]# mdadm -C -v /dev/md12 -l 1 -n 2 /dev/sdf{3,4}
mdadm: Note: this array has metadata at the start and
    may not be suitable as a boot device.  If you plan to
    store ‘/boot‘ on this device please ensure that
    your boot-loader understands md/v1.x metadata, or use
    --metadata=0.90
mdadm: size set to 1047552K
Continue creating array? y
mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
mdadm: array /dev/md12 started.
再创建上层的raid0
[root@ZQ ~]# mdadm -C -v /dev/md10 -l 0 -n 2 /dev/md11 /dev/md12
mdadm: chunk size defaults to 512K
mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
mdadm: array /dev/md10 started.


下面就是格式化挂载，生成配置文件..............
[root@ZQ ~]# cat /proc/mdstat 
Personalities : [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] 
md10 : active raid0 md12[1] md11[0]
      2093056 blocks super 1.2 512k chunks
      
md12 : active raid1 sdf4[1] sdf3[0]
      1047552 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
      
md11 : active raid1 sdf2[1] sdf1[0]
      1047552 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
      
md5 : active raid5 sde6[5] sde1[0] sde5[3](S) sde3[4] sde2[1]
      3142656 blocks super 1.2 level 5, 32k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/4] [UUUU]
      
md1 : active raid1 sdc3[2] sdc2[1]
      1047552 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
      
md0 : active raid0 sdb2[1] sdb1[0]
      2095104 blocks super 1.2 512k chunks
 
[root@ZQ ~]# mdadm -Ds > /etc/mdadm.conf 
[root@ZQ ~]# cat !$
cat /etc/mdadm.conf
ARRAY /dev/md0 metadata=1.2 name=ZQ:0 UUID=00d9284f:6fd6b3b0:afc571c6:c5441608
ARRAY /dev/md1 metadata=1.2 name=ZQ:1 UUID=137b8247:e0ced5a2:625805ac:e9b31692
ARRAY /dev/md5 metadata=1.2 spares=1 name=ZQ:5 UUID=32056d5a:35cf0716:fd761180:cc7b848b
ARRAY /dev/md11 metadata=1.2 name=ZQ:11 UUID=cdc07c3a:a6b04c76:b343e0bf:14988216
ARRAY /dev/md12 metadata=1.2 name=ZQ:12 UUID=54b9071a:bb899ed0:d4ffb87b:226794e1
ARRAY /dev/md10 metadata=1.2 name=ZQ:10 UUID=f24de916:0a641485:5c0d2097:fbe976a3


批量停止 必须卸载下来
[root@ZQ ~]# mdadm -Ss
mdadm: Cannot get exclusive access to /dev/md5:Perhaps a running process, mounted filesystem or active volume group?
mdadm: Cannot get exclusive access to /dev/md1:Perhaps a running process, mounted filesystem or active volume group?
mdadm: Cannot get exclusive access to /dev/md0:Perhaps a running process, mounted filesystem or active volume group?
    
unused devices: <none>










raid删除

[root@ZQ ~]# fdisk /dev/sda ^C    #创建两个分区sda5和sda6
[root@ZQ ~]# mdadm  -C -v /dev/md1 -l 1 -n 2 /dev/sd5 /dev/sd6 ^C   #创建raid1
[root@ZQ ~]# mdadm -Ds > /etc/mdadm.conf ^C    #生成配置文件


开始删除
[root@ZQ ~]# umount /dev/md1 /raid1 ^C  #已挂载的就先卸载
[root@ZQ ~]# mdadm -Ss ^C # 停止raid设备
[root@ZQ ~]# rm -rf /etc/mdadm.conf ^C   #删除raid 配置文件
[root@ZQ ~]# mdadm --misc --zero -superblock /dev/sda5^C  #清除物理磁盘中的raid标识
[root@ZQ ~]# mdadm --misc --zero -superblock /dev/sda6^C  #清除物理磁盘中的raid标识

参数说明：
mdadm --misc options... devices
            report on or modify various md related devices   #报告或修改各种md相关设备
--zero -superblock： erase the MD superblock from a device       #擦除设备中的md超级块