Implementation:

Let‘s have a peak about what files we need to finish this work.

priority_queue.h

/*********************************************************
code writer	:	EOF
code date	:	2014.09.19
code file	:	priority_queue.h
e-mail		:	jasonleaster@gmail.com

code purpose	:	
	Just a header file for my implementation.
	What you should know is that you may call
init_heap() when you want to create a priority queue.
And then you could use build_heap() to create that queue
with your source--@array.

*********************************************************/
#ifndef _PRIORITY_QUEUE_H
#define _PRIORITY_QUEUE_H

	#include <stdio.h>
	#include <stdlib.h>

	#define EMPTY_HEAP	-1
	#define NOEMPTY_HEAP	 0

	#define FULL_HEAP	 1
	#define NOFULL_HEAP	 0

	struct heap
	{
		int capacity;
		int size;
		/*
		**	ATTENTION! Just a little trick.
		*/
		int element[0];
	};

	struct heap* init_heap(int max_size);
	void destroy_heap(struct heap* p_heap);

	void insert_heap(struct heap* p_heap,int element);
	int  delete_heap(struct heap* p_heap);

	void build_heap(struct heap* p_heap,int* array,int size);
	void precolate_down(struct heap* p_heap,int parent);

	int is_empty(struct heap* p_heap);	
	int is_full(struct heap* p_heap);	

	void print_heap(struct heap* p_heap);

#endif

build_heap.c

/*********************************************************
code writer	:	EOF
code date	:	2014.09.19
code file	:	build_heap.c
e-mail		:	jasonleaster@gmail.com

code purpose	:
	
	@p_heap : A pointer which point to our heap.
	@array  : A pointer which point to our input-data
		  which we want to fill heap with it.
	@size	: The size of our array.

*********************************************************/
#include "priority_queue.h"

void build_heap(struct heap* p_heap,int* array,int size)
{
	if(!p_heap || !array)
	{
		printf("In function: %s() p_heap: %p array: %p\n",__FUNCTION__,p_heap,array);
		return ;
	}

	p_heap->size = size;

	int index  = 0;
	int tmp	   = 0;
	int foo    = 0;
	int min	   = 0;

	int parent 	= 0;
	int right_child = 0;
	int left_child  = 0;
	
	for(index = 0; index < size ;index++)
	{
		p_heap->element[index+1] = array[index];
	}

	for(parent = size/2; parent > 0; parent--)
	{
		precolate_down(p_heap,parent);
	}
}

delete_heap.c

/*********************************************************
code writer	:	EOF
code date	:	2014.09.19
code file	:	delete_heap.c
e-mail		:	jasonleaster@gmail.com

*********************************************************/

#include "priority_queue.h"

int delete_heap(struct heap* p_heap)
{
	if(!p_heap)
	{
		printf("malloc failed in function %s()!\n",__FUNCTION__);
		return -1;
	}

	/*
	**	You have to know that heap data get start from
	** element[1] which is just for simplicty to implement
	** heap in array.
	*/
	int min_element  = p_heap->element[1];
	int last_element = p_heap->element[p_heap->size--];

	int me    = 0;
	int child = 0;
	
	for(me = 1;me*2 < p_heap->size; me = child)
	{
		child = me*2;

		/*
		**	Make sure that child index into the smaller one
		** between the right child and the left child.
		*/
		if(child != p_heap->size && p_heap->element[child+1]
					  < p_heap->element[child])
		{
			child++;
		}

		if(last_element > p_heap->element[child])
		{
			p_heap->element[me] = p_heap->element[child];
		}
		else
		{
			break;
		}
	}

	p_heap->element[me] = last_element;
	return min_element;
}

destroy_heap.c

/*********************************************************
code writer	:	EOF
code date	:	2014.09.19
code file	:	destroy_heap.c
e-mail		:	jasonleaster@gmail.com

code description:

	**NEVER** forget to call this function to free out
memory which p_heap point to.

*********************************************************/
#include "priority_queue.h"

void destroy_heap(struct heap* p_heap)
{
	if(!p_heap)
	{
		printf("malloc failed in function %s()!\n",__FUNCTION__);
		return ;
	}
	
	free(p_heap);
}

init_heap.c

/*********************************************************
code writer	:	EOF
code date	:	2014.09.19
code file	:	init_heap.c
e-mail		:	jasonleaster@gmail.com

code purpose	:	

	@max_size : what's the size of the heap that you
		    want to create it ?


	This function would return a pointer which point 
to the heap that you created.

*********************************************************/
#include "priority_queue.h"

struct heap* init_heap(int max_size)
{
	if(max_size < 0)
	{
		return NULL;
	}

	struct heap* p_heap = NULL;

	p_heap = (struct heap*)malloc(sizeof(int)*(max_size+1) + sizeof(struct heap));

	if(!p_heap)
	{
		printf("malloc failed in function %s()!\n",__FUNCTION__);
		return NULL;
	}

	p_heap->capacity = max_size;
	p_heap->size 	 = 0;
	
	return p_heap;
}

insert_heap.c

/*********************************************************
code writer	:	EOF
code date	:	2014.09.19
code file	:	insert_heap.c
e-mail		:	jasonleaster@gmail.com

code purpose	:	
	
	Just call this function and insert @element into
heap that @p_heap point to.

*********************************************************/
#include "priority_queue.h"

void insert_heap(struct heap* p_heap,int element)
{
	if(!p_heap)
	{
		printf("p_heap is NULL in function %s\n",__FUNCTION__);
		return ;
	}

	int child = 0;
	/*
	**	Percolate up
	*/
	for(child = ++p_heap->size; p_heap->element[child/2] > element; child/=2)
	{
		p_heap->element[child] = p_heap->element[child/2];
	}
	
	p_heap->element[child] = element;
}

is_empty.c

/*********************************************************
code writer	:	EOF
code date	:	2014.09.19
code file	:	is_empty.c
e-mail		:	jasonleaster@gmail.com

*********************************************************/
#include "priority_queue.h"

int is_empty(struct heap* p_heap)
{

	if(!p_heap)
	{
		printf("p_heap is NULL in function %s()\n",__FUNCTION__);

		return -1;
	}

	if(!p_heap->size)
	{
		return EMPTY_HEAP;
	}
	
	return NOEMPTY_HEAP;
}

is_full.c

/*********************************************************
code writer	:	EOF
code date	:	2014.09.19
code file	:	is_full.c
e-mail		:	jasonleaster@gmail.com

*********************************************************/
#include "priority_queue.h"

int is_full(struct heap* p_heap)
{

	if(!p_heap)
	{
		printf("p_heap is NULL in function %s()\n",__FUNCTION__);

		return -1;
	}

	if(p_heap->size >= p_heap->capacity)
	{
		return FULL_HEAP;
	}
	
	return NOFULL_HEAP;
}

precolate_down.c

/*********************************************************
code writer	:	EOF
code date	:	2014.09.19
code file	:	precolate_down.c
e-mail		:	jasonleaster@gmail.com

code purpose	:	

	This is a implementation of precolate_down() which
use recursion.

*********************************************************/
#include "priority_queue.h"

void precolate_down(struct heap* p_heap,int parent)
{
	/*
	**	If we got the last parent, precolate_down() end.
	*/
	if(2*parent > p_heap->size)
	{
		return;
	}
	
	int tmp = 0;
	int foo = 0;
	int min = 0;
	int right_child = 0;
	int left_child	= 0;

	tmp = p_heap->element[parent];
		
	foo         = p_heap->element[parent];
	left_child  = p_heap->element[2*parent];

	/*
	**	If we got the last parent and the size of
	** heap is even. This means that the child of the 
	** last parent is just only one.Here is the method
	** to process this situation.	
	*/
	if(p_heap->size %2 == 0 && 2*parent == p_heap->size)
	{
		if(foo > min)
		{

			tmp = p_heap->element[parent];
			p_heap->element[parent] = p_heap->element[2*parent];
			p_heap->element[2*parent] = tmp;
		}
		return ;
	}

	/*
	** If parent have two child.
	*/
	right_child = p_heap->element[2*parent+1];

	min = left_child < right_child	?
 left_child : right_child;

	if(foo > min)
	{
		if(right_child > left_child)
		{
			tmp = p_heap->element[parent];
			p_heap->element[parent] = p_heap->element[2*parent];
			p_heap->element[2*parent] = tmp;

			precolate_down(p_heap,2*parent);

		}
		else
		{
			tmp = p_heap->element[parent];
			p_heap->element[parent] = p_heap->element[2*parent+1];
			p_heap->element[2*parent+1] = tmp;
		
			precolate_down(p_heap,2*parent+1);
		}
	}
}

print_heap.c

/*********************************************************
code writer	:	EOF
code date	:	2014.09.19
code file	:	print_heap.c
e-mail		:	jasonleaster@gmail.com

code description:

	Just print out the current heap that @p_heap point
to.

*********************************************************/
#include "priority_queue.h"

void print_heap(struct heap* p_heap)
{
	if(!p_heap)
	{
		printf("You passed NULL in function %s()\n",__FUNCTION__);
		return ;
	}

	printf("The capacity of heap : %d\n",p_heap->capacity);
	printf("The size of heap:%d\n",p_heap->size);

	int index = 0;
	int tmp	  = 1;

	for(index = 0,tmp = 2;index < p_heap->size;index++)
	{
		printf("%d ",p_heap->element[index+1]);

		if(index == 0)
		{
			printf("\n");
		}
		else if(index == tmp)
		{
			tmp += 1<<tmp;

			printf("\n");
		}
	}

	printf("\n");
}

priority_queue_test.c

/*********************************************************
code writer	:	EOF
code date	:	2014.09.19
code file	:	priority_queue_test.c
e-mail		:	jasonleaster@gmail.com

code description:

	This code would help us to test our implementation
of heap.

*********************************************************/
#include "priority_queue.h"

int main()
{
	int array[] = {10,12,1,14,6,5,8,15,3,9,7,4,11,13,2};

	int size = sizeof(array)/sizeof(array[0]);

	struct heap* p_heap = NULL;

	p_heap = init_heap(size);

	if(!p_heap)
	{
		printf("Inintialize failed!\n");
		return 0;
	}

	build_heap(p_heap,array,size);

	print_heap(p_heap);

	delete_heap(p_heap);

	print_heap(p_heap);

	insert_heap(p_heap,43);

	print_heap(p_heap);

	destroy_heap(p_heap);
	return 0;
}

測试结果：

update :2015.01.12

使用Python实现Heap

"""**************************************************
Code writer : EOF
Code date   : 2015.01.10
Code file   : heap_demo.py
e-mail      : jasonleaster@gmail.com

Code purpose:
	There is a implementation of ADT-Heap which
is in Python.
        If you find something error with my code, 
please touch me by e-mail. Thank you.

*****************************************************"""

import sys

"""
These function are used for searching the 
index of parent, left child and right child
"""
def parent(i):
    return i/2

def left(i):
    return i*2

def right(i):
    return (i*2 + 1)

"""
    We store the size of heap as the first
element of Heap.
"""
def heap_size(A) :
    return A[0]

def init_input(A) :
    size = len(A)
    A = [size] + A

    return A

def max_heapify(A, i) :
    l = left(i)
    r = right(i)

    if l < heap_size(A) and A[l] > A[i] :
      largest = l
    else :
      largest = i

    if r < heap_size(A) and A[r] > A[largest] :
      largest = r

    if largest != i :
      tmp        = A[i]
      A[i]       = A[largest]
      A[largest] = tmp       
      max_heapify(A,largest)

    return A

def build_max_heap(A) :
    hs = heap_size(A)
    for i in range(hs/2,0,-1) :
      A = max_heapify(A,i)

    return A

def show_heap(A) :
    depth = 0

    depth_up_bound = 0
    tmp = heap_size(A)
    while tmp > 0:
        depth_up_bound += 1
        tmp >>= 1

    for i in range(1,heap_size(A)+1) :
        if i == (1<<depth) :
           blank = depth_up_bound - depth
           sys.stdout.write('\n' + 2*(blank)*' ')
           depth += 1

        sys.stdout.write(" %s " % A[i])

    print ""

def heap_sort(A) :
    for i in range(len(A)-1,0,-1) :
        tmp  = A[1]
        A[1] = A[i]
        A[i] = tmp
        
        """ heap size minus 1, Attention that we store 
        the value of the heap size into the A[0] """

        A[0] -= 1
        max_heapify(A,1)

    return A

#----up this line is implementation of funcs. Below this is testing code---

A = [27,17,3,16,13,10,1,5,7,12,4,8,9,0]

A = init_input(A)

print "The inputed data A = ", A

Sorted_A = build_max_heap(A)

show_heap(Sorted_A)

print "Aha! Attention the node which's value is 1," +       " this node has only one child."

print "After heap sorting"
print heap_sort(A)