1 #include "opencv2/opencv.hpp"
 2 using namespace cv;
 3 
 4 void main()
 5 {
 6     Mat srcImg = imread("E://1.jpg");
 7     Mat dstImg;
 8     Mat element = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(5, 5));
 9 
10     //morphologyEx(srcImg, dstImg, MORPH_OPEN, element);  //开运算
11     //morphologyEx(srcImg, dstImg, MORPH_CLOSE, element);  //闭运算
12     //morphologyEx(srcImg, dstImg, MORPH_GRADIENT, element);  //形态学梯度运算
13     //morphologyEx(srcImg, dstImg, MORPH_TOPHAT, element);  //顶帽运算
14     morphologyEx(srcImg, dstImg, MORPH_BLACKHAT, element);  //黒帽运算
15 
16     imshow("src", srcImg);
17     imshow("dst", dstImg);
18     waitKey(0);
19 }

 1 #include "opencv2/opencv.hpp"
 2 using namespace cv;
 3 
 4 void main()
 5 {
 6     Mat img1=imread("E://A.jpg");
 7     Mat img2=imread("E://B.jpg");
 8     Mat diff;
 9     absdiff(img1,img2,diff);//用这个做减法可以避免出现负值=0的情况
10     imshow("img1",img1);
11     imshow("img2",img2);
12     imshow("diff",diff);
13 
14     Mat gray;
15     cvtColor(diff,gray,COLOR_BGR2GRAY);//转为灰度图
16     //adaptiveThreshold(gray,gray,255,ADAPTIVE_THRESH_GAUSSIAN_C,THRESH_BINARY_INV,15,3);//自适应阈值有点不懂
17     threshold(gray,gray,5,255,THRESH_BINARY);
18     imshow("threshold",gray);
19 
20     //进行形态学操作
21     Mat element=getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT,Size(3,3));//定义结构元素
22     morphologyEx(gray,gray,MORPH_OPEN,element);//开运算
23     medianBlur(gray,gray,9);//中值滤波
24     dilate(gray,gray,element);
25     imshow("dst",gray);
26 
27     waitKey(0);
28 }