基于CommonKADS方法论实现知识库系统

Concept Person; 
ATTRIBUTES: 
Name: String; 
Age: Int; 
Stage: String; 
Interests: String;
Education: String; 
END CONCEPT Person;

CONCEPT Reading-type; 
ATTRIBUTES:
Genre: String;
END CONCEPT;

CONCEPT Reader-type;
ATTRIBUTES:
Level: String;
END CONCEPT;

CONCEPT Book;
ATTRIBUTES:
Title: String;
Author: String;
END CONCEPT;

RULE-TYPE Abstraction-rules;
DESCRIPTION: Abstract the age of a person
ANTECEDENT: Person;
CARDINALITY: 1;
CONSEQUENT: Stage;
CARDINALITY: 1;
CONNECTION-SYMBOL: Abstracts;
END-RULE-TYPE Abstraction-rules;

RULE-TYPE Genre-preferences;

DESCRIPTION: Genre selection starting from the interests

ANTECEDENT: Interests;

CARDINALITY: 1;

CONSEQUENT: Genre;

CARDINALITY: *;

CONNECTION-SYMBOL: Prefers;

END-RULE-TYPE Genre-preferences;

RULE-TYPE Level-assignation;

DESCRIPTION: Assigns a level according the education

ANTECEDENT: Education;

CARDINALITY: 1;

CONSEQUENT: Level;

CARDINALITY: 1;

CONNECTION-SYMBOL: Assigns;

END-RULE-TYPE Level-assignation;

RULE-TYPE Assign-book;

DESCRIPTION: Assign books

ANTECEDENT: Genre and Level;

CARDINALITY: *;

CONSEQUENT: Book;

CARDINALITY: *;

CONNECTION-SYMBOL: Final assignation;

END-RULE-TYPE Assign-book;

KNOWLEDGE-BASE Literary-assistant-base

USES

Abstraction-rules FROM literary-assistant-scheme;

Genre-preferences FROM literary-assistant-scheme;

Level-assignation FROM literary-assistant-scheme;

Assign-book FROM literary-assistant-scheme;

 

EXPRESSIONS

 

/* Select stage */

 

Person.age <= 13

ABSTRACT Person.stage = CHILD

 

Person.age > 13 AND Person.age <= 19

ABSTRACT Person.stage = TEENAGER

 

Person.age > 19 AND Person.age <= 40

ABSTRACT Person.stage = YOUNG

 

Person.age > 40

ABSTRACT Person.stage = ADULT

 

/* Discriminate interests */

 

Person.interests = "Music" OR Person.interests = "Painting" OR

Person.interests = "Cinema" OR Person.interests = "Sculpture"

PREFER reading-type.genre = ART

.

.

.

 

/* Adjust reader level */

 

Person.education = SECONDARY AND Person.stage = YOUNG

SELECT-LEVEL reader-type.level = ADVANCED

 

Person.education = SECONDARY AND Person.stage = ADULT

SELECT-LEVEL reader-type.level = ADVANCED

 

Person.education = UNIVERSITARY

SELECT-LEVEL reader-type.level = ADVANCED

.

.

.

/* Science section */

 

reader-type.level = CHILD AND reading-type.genre = SCIENCE

SELECT-BOOK Book.title = "Arithmetics handouts"

 

reader-type.level = BASIC AND reading-type.genre = SCIENCE

SELECT-BOOK Book.title = "Basic arithmetics and geometry "

 

reader-type.level = INTERMEDIATE AND reading-type.genre = SCIENCE

SELECT-BOOK Book.title = "Derivatives and integrals"

 

reader-type.level = ADVANCED AND reading-type.genre = SCIENCE

SELECT-BOOK Book.title = "Differential equations"

.

.

.

 

END KNOWLEDGE-BASE Literary-assistant-base;

INFERENCE Abstract

ROLES

INPUT: Person;

OUTPUT: Stage;

STATIC: Abstraction-model;

SPECIFICATION:

"Abstracts the age of a person"

END INFERENCE Abstract;

INFERENCE Select-genre

ROLES

INPUT: Interest;

OUTPUT: Genre;

STATIC: Preferences-model;

SPECIFICATION:

"Selects a genre according the user‘s interests"

END INFERENCE Abstract;

INFERENCE Select-level

ROLES

INPUT: Education,Stage;

OUTPUT: Level;

STATIC: Level-model;

SPECIFICATION:

"Selects a level according the user‘s education and stage"

END INFERENCE Abstract;

INFERENCE Select-book

ROLES

INPUT: Genre, Level;

OUTPUT: Book;

STATIC: Book-selection-model;

SPECIFICATION:

"Assigns a book according the user‘s level and selected genres"

END INFERENCE Abstract;

KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Person;

TYPE: DYNAMIC;

DOMAIN-MAPPING: Person;

END KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Person;

KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Abstraction-model;

TYPE: STATIC;

DOMAIN-MAPPING:Abstraction-rules

  FROM literary-assistant-scheme; ;

END KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Abstraction-model;

KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Stage;

TYPE: DYNAMIC;

DOMAIN-MAPPING: Stage;

END KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Stage;

KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Interest;
TYPE: DYNAMIC;
DOMAIN-MAPPING: Interest;
END KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Interest;

KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Preferences-model;
TYPE: STATIC;
DOMAIN-MAPPING:Genre preferences 
   FROM literary-assistant-scheme; ;
END KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Preferences-model;

KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Genre;
TYPE: DYNAMIC;
DOMAIN-MAPPING: Genre;
END KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Genre;

KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Education;
TYPE: DYNAMIC;
DOMAIN-MAPPING: Education;
END KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Education;

KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Stage;
TYPE: DYNAMIC;
DOMAIN-MAPPING: Education;
END KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Education;

KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Level-model;
TYPE: STATIC;
DOMAIN-MAPPING:Level-assignation 
   FROM literary-assistant-scheme; 
END KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Level-model;

KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Level;
TYPE: DYNAMIC;
DOMAIN-MAPPING: Level;
END KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Level;

KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Genre;
TYPE: DYNAMIC;
DOMAIN-MAPPING: Genre-and-Level;
END KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Genre;

KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Level;
TYPE: DYNAMIC;
DOMAIN-MAPPING: Genre-and-Level;
END KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Level;

KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Book-selection-model;
TYPE: STATIC;
DOMAIN-MAPPING:Assign-book 
   FROM literary-assistant-scheme;
END KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Book-selection-model;

KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Book;
TYPE: DYNAMIC;
DOMAIN-MAPPING: Book;
END KNOWLEDGE-ROLE Book;

TASK Literary-assistant

    GOAL:

        "Advice a book to a reader";

    ROLES:

        INPUT:

            Person: "A person who wants to read a book";

        OUTPUT:

            Book: "Some books to read";

 

    SPEC:

    "Assign a book to a person according to its education and age";

END TASK Literary-assistant;

 

TASK-METHOD Literary-assistant-sequential;

    REALIZES:

        "Literary assistant";

    DECOMPOSITION:

    INFERENCES: Abstract, Select-genre, Select-level, Select-book;

    TRANSFER-FUNCTIONS:;

    ROLES:

    INTERMEDIATE:

        Abstraction-model:

        Preferences-model:

        Level-model:

        Book-selection-model:

    CONTROL-STRUCTURE:

        Abstract(+Stage,-Person,-Abstraction-model);

        Select-genre(+Genre,-Interest,-Preferences-model);

        Select-level(+Level,-Education,-Stage,-Level-model);

        Select-Book(+Book,-Genre,-Level,-Book-selection-model);

END-TASK-METHOD Literary-assistant-sequential;

; Select level according to education

 

(defrule select_level

    ?f1<-(start_level)

    (person (education ?edu)(stage ?stg))

    (level (education ?edu)(stage ?stg)(level ?lev))

    =>

    (assert (reader-type (level ?lev)))

    (retract ?f1)

)

 

; Find interests in interest list

 

(deffunction has_person (?mat $?interests)

    (return (member$ ?mat $?interests))

)

 

; Select genre according to interests

 

(defrule select_genre

    (interests)

    (person (interests $?interests))

    (matter (interest $?cat)(genre ?genre))

    =>

    (bind ?i 1)

    (while (<= ?i (length$ $?interests))

        (bind ?mat (nth$ ?i $?interests))

        (if (has_person ?mat $?cat) then

            (assert (reading-type (genre ?genre)))

        )

    (bind ?i (+ ?i 1))

    )

)

 

; Select book according to interests

 

(defrule recommend_book

    (reader-type (level ?level))

    (reading-type (genre ?genre))

    (category (level ?level)(genre ?genre)(book ?book))

    =>

    (printout t "According to this data, you should read: " ?book crlf)

)

#include <iostream>
 
extern "C"
{
    #include "clips.h"
}
 
using namespace std;
 
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    InitializeEnvironment();
    Load("literary assistant.clp");
    // Insert the CLIPS source code here

    Reset();
    Run(-1L);
    cin.get();
    return 0;
}