传智：自己简单实现一个struts2框架的demo

package cn.itcast.config;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Created by zhen on 2017-08-04.
 * 读取struts.xml配置信息
 */
public class ConfigurationManager {
    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(ConfigurationManager.class);

    //读取Interceptor
    public static List<String> getInterceptors(){
        List<String> interceptors = null;
        SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
        InputStream inputStream = ConfigurationManager.class.getResourceAsStream("/struts.xml");
        Document document = null;
        try {
            document = saxReader.read(inputStream);
        } catch (DocumentException e) {
            logger.error(e.getMessage());
            throw new RuntimeException("配置文件解析异常" ,e);
        }
        String xpath = "//interceptor";
        List<Element> list = document.selectNodes(xpath);
        if(list != null && list.size() > 0){
            interceptors = new ArrayList<String>();
            for(Element ele: list){
                String className = ele.attributeValue("class");
                interceptors.add(className);
            }
        }
        return interceptors;
    }

    //读取Constant
    public static String getConstant(String name){
        String value = null;
        SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
        InputStream is = ConfigurationManager.class.getResourceAsStream("/struts.xml");
        Document document = null;
        try {
            document = saxReader.read(is);
        } catch (DocumentException e) {
            logger.error(e.getMessage());
            throw new RuntimeException("配置文件解析异常" ,e);
        }
        String xPath = "//constant[@name=‘" + name + "‘]";
        List<Element> ele = document.selectNodes(xPath);
        if(ele != null && ele.size() > 0){
            value = ele.get(0).attributeValue("value");
        }
        return value;
    }

    //读取Action
    public static Map<String, ActionConfig> getActions(){
        Map<String, ActionConfig> actions = null;
        SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
        InputStream is = ConfigurationManager.class.getResourceAsStream("/struts.xml");
        Document document = null;
        try {
            document = saxReader.read(is);
        } catch (DocumentException e) {
            logger.error(e.getMessage());
            throw new RuntimeException("配置文件解析异常" ,e);
        }
        String xPath = "//action";
        List<Element> list = document.selectNodes(xPath);
        if(list != null && list.size() > 0){
            actions = new HashMap<String, ActionConfig>();
            for(Element element : list){
                ActionConfig actionConfig = new ActionConfig();
                String name = element.attributeValue("name");
                String method = element.attributeValue("method");
                String className = element.attributeValue("class");
                Map<String, String> results = null;
                List<Element> resultElements = element.elements("result");
                if(resultElements != null && resultElements.size() > 0){
                    results = new HashMap();
                    for(Element ele: resultElements){
                        String resultName = ele.attributeValue("name");
                        String resultValue = ele.getTextTrim();
                        results.put(resultName, resultValue);
                    }
                }
                actionConfig.setName(name);
                actionConfig.setMethod(method == null || method.trim().equals("") ? "execute" : method.trim());
                actionConfig.setClassName(className);
                actionConfig.setResults(results);
                actions.put(name, actionConfig);
            }
        }
        return actions;
    }




}

package cn.itcast.invocation;

import cn.itcast.config.ActionConfig;
import cn.itcast.context.ActionContext;
import cn.itcast.interceptor.Interceptor;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by zhen on 2017-08-06.
 */
public class ActionInvocation {
    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(ActionInvocation.class);
    private Iterator<Interceptor> interceptors;
    private Object action;
    private ActionConfig actionConfig;
    private ActionContext actionContext;
    private String resultUrl;

    public ActionContext getActionContext() {
        return actionContext;
    }


    public ActionInvocation(List<String> classNames, ActionConfig actionConfig, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
        //装载Interceptor链
        if(classNames != null && classNames.size() > 0){
            List<Interceptor> interceptorList = new ArrayList<Interceptor>();
            for(String className : classNames){
                try {
                    Interceptor interceptor = (Interceptor) Class.forName(className).newInstance();
                    interceptor.init();
                    interceptorList.add(interceptor);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    logger.error(e.getMessage());
                    throw new RuntimeException("创建Interceptor失败，Interceptor Name:" + className ,e);
                }
            }
            interceptors =  interceptorList.iterator();
        }

        //准备action实例
        this.actionConfig = actionConfig;
        try {
            action = Class.forName(actionConfig.getClassName()).newInstance();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error(e.getMessage());
            throw new RuntimeException("创建Action实例失败！" + actionConfig.getClass(), e);
        }

        //准备数据中心
        actionContext = new ActionContext(request, response, action);
    }

    public String invoke(){
       if(interceptors != null && interceptors.hasNext() && resultUrl == null){
           Interceptor interceptor = interceptors.next();
           resultUrl = interceptor.invoke(this);
       }else{
           try{
               Method executeMethod = Class.forName(actionConfig.getClassName()).getMethod(actionConfig.getMethod());
               resultUrl = (String) executeMethod.invoke(action);
           }catch(Exception ex){
               logger.error(ex.getMessage());
               throw new RuntimeException("您配置的action方法不存在" + actionConfig.getClassName());
           }
       }
       return resultUrl;
    }
}

package cn.itcast.filter;

import cn.itcast.config.ActionConfig;
import cn.itcast.config.ConfigurationManager;
import cn.itcast.context.ActionContext;
import cn.itcast.invocation.ActionInvocation;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.junit.Test;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Created by zhen on 2017-08-06.
 */
public class StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter implements Filter {
    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.class);
    private List<String> interceptorClassNames;
    private  String extension;
    private Map<String, ActionConfig> actionConfigs;

    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
        //装载配置信息
        interceptorClassNames = ConfigurationManager.getInterceptors();
        extension = ConfigurationManager.getConstant("struts.action.extension");
        actionConfigs = ConfigurationManager.getActions();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args){
        Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.class);
    }


    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        //执行
        HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
        HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;

        String urlPath = request.getRequestURI();
        if(!urlPath.endsWith(extension)){
            filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
            return;
        }
        String actionName = urlPath.substring(urlPath.lastIndexOf("/") + 1).replace("." + extension, "");
        ActionConfig actionConfig = actionConfigs.get(actionName);
        if(actionConfig == null){
            throw new RuntimeException("找不到对应的action！" + actionName);
        }
        ActionInvocation actionInvocation = new ActionInvocation(interceptorClassNames, actionConfig, request, response);
        String result = actionInvocation.invoke();
        String dispatcherPath = actionConfig.getResults().get(result);
        if(dispatcherPath == null || "".equals(dispatcherPath)){
            throw new RuntimeException("找不到对应的返回路径！");
        }
        request.getRequestDispatcher(dispatcherPath).forward(request, response);
        ActionContext.tl.remove();
    }

    public void destroy() {

    }
}

struts2模拟

1、关注点分离思想。类似java中的解耦合，插拔。将功能拆分成各个拦截器实现。拦截器运行过程中拼接出想要的功能。
2、MVC思想。 filter-C Action-M jsp_url-V

需要掌握知识：
    XML解析，Xpath表达式（dom4j）
    Servlet技术
    java内省（BeanUtils）
    ThreadLocal线程本地化类
    递归调用
    
需要补充的知识：
    dom4j解析
    xpath语法
    获取资源文件路径
    
理解：
    对于值栈的模拟不要拘泥于数组，也可以使用现有的类进行封装，比如使用ArrayList模拟。
    经常递归调用使用的局部变量可以放在循环外或者说是方法外。