标签：fast list track space date clear ati show all 报告
不归档 归档
online offline online offline
完全 部分 完全 部分 完全 部分 完全 部分
shutdown nomount mount open
备份数据文件：
1.全数据库备份，部分备份
2. 联机备份（热备份）<数据库开启，一致性有差别>，脱机备份(冷备份)<关闭数据库之后备份，一致性高>
SQL> select file_id, file_name from dba_data_files;
RMAN> backup datafile 4;
RMAN> backup datafile 4, 5;
RMAN> backup datafile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf‘; 备份数据文件
RMAN> backup tablespace users; 备份表空间（表空间中的文件）
RMAN> backup tablespace users, example;
RMAN> backup database; 备份数据库
RMAN> list backup; 查看备份
desc v$backup_set，浏览器查看备份
增量备份：
RMAN> backup incremental level 0 tablespace users;
RMAN> list backup of tablespace users;
SQL> create table t1(x int) tablespace users;
SQL> insert into t1 values (1);
SQL> commit;
RMAN> backup incremental level 1 tablespace users;
RMAN> list backup of tablespace users;
SQL> create table t2(x int) tablespace users;
SQL> insert into t2 values (1);
SQL> commit;
RMAN> backup incremental level 1 cumulative tablespace users;
RMAN> list backup of tablespace users;
开启块跟踪：
SQL> alter database enable block change tracking using file ‘/home/oracle/blk_trk.chg‘;
需要重新连接会话
SQL> select * from v$block_change_tracking;
SQL> select DATAFILE_BLOCKS, BLOCKS_READ, BLOCKS, USED_CHANGE_TRACKING from v$backup_datafile where INCREMENTAL_LEVEL>0;
SQL> create table t3(x int) tablespace users;
SQL> insert into t3 values (1);
SQL> commit;
RMAN> backup incremental level 1 tablespace users;
SQL> select DATAFILE_BLOCKS, BLOCKS_READ, BLOCKS, USED_CHANGE_TRACKING from v$backup_datafile where INCREMENTAL_LEVEL>0;
SQL> alter database disable block change tracking; 关闭
增量更新：
SQL> create table t1(x int) tablespace users;
SQL> insert into t1 values (1);
SQL> commit;
RMAN> backup incremental level 1 for recover of copy with tag ‘update_copy‘ tablespace users; 第一次创建的是0级备份
RMAN> list copy; 记录time和scn
SQL> insert into t1 values (2);
SQL> commit;
RMAN> backup incremental level 1 for recover of copy with tag ‘update_copy‘ tablespace users; 第2次创建的是1级备份
RMAN> list backup; backupset格式
RMAN> recover copy of tablespace users with tag ‘update_copy‘;
RMAN> list copy; time和scn更新
脚本形式：
RMAN> run {
backup incremental level 1 for recover of copy with tag ‘update_copy‘ tablespace users;
recover copy of tablespace users with tag ‘update_copy‘;
}
备份归档日志：
RMAN> list archivelog all;
RMAN> backup archivelog all delete all input; 备份归档全部删除所有输入
RMAN> list archivelog all;
RMAN> list backup;
备份的维护：
查看：
RMAN> list backup;
RMAN> list copy;
RMAN> list backup of tablespace users;
RMAN> list backup of datafile 4;
RMAN> list archivelog all;
检查备份：
RMAN> delete backup; 删除备份
RMAN> delete copy;
RMAN> list backup; list copy;
RMAN> report need backup; 根据策略检查
RMAN> backup tablespace users;
RMAN> report need backup;
RMAN> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 2;
RMAN> report need backup;
RMAN> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY clear;
RMAN> report obsolete; 报告所有废弃的备份
删除备份：
RMAN> delete backupset of tablespace users;
RMAN> delete backupset 1234;
RMAN> backup tablespace users;
RMAN> backup tablespace users;
RMAN> show all;
RMAN> delete obsolete; 删除超过冗余度的备份
crosscheck:
RMAN> delete backup;
RMAN> backup tablespace users;
RMAN> list backup of tablespace users;
$ mv /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/… 改名
RMAN> restore datafile 4; 报错
RMAN> crosscheck backup;
RMAN> list backup of tablespace users; 报废状态
RMAN> list expired backup;
$ mv /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/… 恢复原名
RMAN> crosscheck backup;
RMAN> list backup of tablespace users; 可用状态
RMAN> delete expired backup;
catalog:
$ cp /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/… 复制
RMAN> delete backup;
RMAN> list backup; backupset消失
$ mv /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/… 恢复原名
RMAN> catalog recovery area noprompt;
RMAN> list backup; backupset恢复
标签：fast list track space date clear ati show all 报告
原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/Zhang-x/p/7395306.html
