读入输出优化模板

1 long long read(){
2     long long x=0,w=1;
3     char c=0;
4     for (c=getchar();c<‘0‘||c>‘9‘;c=getchar()) {if (c==‘-‘) w=-1;}
5     for (;c>=‘0‘&&c<=‘9‘;c=getchar()) x=(x<<3)+(x<<1)+c-‘0‘;
6     return x*w;
7 }

1 void write(long long x){
2        if (!x) putchar(‘0‘);else{
3               char s[100];
4               int i,j=0;
5               for (;x>0;x/=10) s[j++]=x%10;
6               for (i=j-1;i>=0;i--) putchar(s[i]+48);
7        }
8        putchar(‘\n‘);
9 }