RabbitMQ基本理论

# 安装配置epel源
yum install -y epel-release
# 安装erlang
yum -y install erlang
# 安装RabbitMQ
yum -y install rabbitmq-server

# 启动服务
service rabbitmq-server start
# 添加用户
rabbitmqctl add_user admin admin
# 添加管理员权限
rabbitmqctl set_user_tags admin administrator
# 修改密码 
abbitmqctl add_user admin youpassword
# 设置权限
rabbitmqctl  set_permissions  -p  ‘/‘  admin ‘.‘ ‘.‘ ‘.‘

# 启动Web插件
rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
# 删除guest用户
rabbitmqctl delete_user guest
# 重启rabbitmq
service rabbitmq-server restart
# 配置文档
# vim /etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.config

"""
生产者/发送消息方
"""
import pika

# 远程主机的RabbitMQ Server设置的用户名密码
credentials = pika.PlainCredentials(‘admin‘, ‘admin‘)
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(‘192.168.254.143‘, 5672, ‘/‘, credentials))

‘‘‘
ConnectionParameters 中的参数:virtual_host 注：
    相当于在rabbitmq层面又加了一层域名空间的限制,每个域名空间是独立的有自己的Echange/queues等
    举个好玩的例子Redis中的db0/1/2类似
‘‘‘

# 创建通道
channel = connection.channel()
# 声明队列hello,RabbitMQ的消息队列机制如果队列不存在那么数据将会被丢掉,下面我们声明一个队列如果不存在创建
channel.queue_declare(queue=‘hello‘)

# 给队列中添加消息
channel.publish(exchange="",       # 默认时，向routing_key="hello"，指定的队列发送消息
                routing_key="hello",
                body="Hello World")
print("向队列hello添加数据结束")
# 缓冲区已经flush而且消息已经确认发送到了RabbitMQ中，关闭通道
channel.close()

"""
消费者/接收消息方
"""
import pika

# 远程主机的RabbitMQ Server设置的用户名密码
credentials = pika.PlainCredentials(‘admin‘, ‘admin‘)
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(‘192.168.254.143‘, 5672, ‘/‘, credentials))

# 创建通道
channel = connection.channel()
# 声明队列
channel.queue_declare(queue=‘hello‘)
"""
你可能会问为什么我们还要声明队列呢? 我们在之前代码里就有了,但是前提是我们已经知道了我们已经声明了代码,
但是我们可能不太确定谁先启动~
所以如果你们100%确定也可以不用声明,但是在很多情况下生产者和消费者都是分离的.所以声明没有坏处
"""


# 订阅的回调函数这个订阅回调函数是由pika库来调用的
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
    print(" [x] Received %r" % body)

# 定义通道消费者参数
channel.basic_consume(callback,
                      queue=‘hello‘,
                      no_ack=True)  # 相当于告诉发送者，我收到了

print(‘ [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C‘)
# 开始接收信息，并进入阻塞状态，队列里有信息才会调用callback进行处理。按ctrl+c退出。
channel.start_consuming()

"""
生产者/发送方
"""
import pika

# 远程主机的RabbitMQ Server设置的用户名密码
credentials = pika.PlainCredentials("admin", "admin")
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(‘192.168.254.143‘, 5672, ‘/‘, credentials))

# 创建通道
channel = connection.channel()
# 声明队列task_queue,RabbitMQ的消息队列机制如果队列不存在那么数据将会被丢掉,下面我们声明一个队列如果不存在创建
channel.queue_declare(queue=‘task_queue‘)

# 在队列中添加消息
for i in range(100):
    message = ‘%s Meassage ‘ % i or "Hello World!"
    # 发送消息
    channel.basic_publish(exchange=‘‘,
                          routing_key=‘task_queue‘,
                          body=message,)
    # 发送消息结束
    print(" [x] Sent %r" % message)

# 关闭通道
channel.close()

"""
消费者/接收方
"""
import time
import pika

# 认证信息
credentials = pika.PlainCredentials("admin", "admin")
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters("192.168.254.143", 5672, "/", credentials))
# 建立通道
channel = connection.channel()
# 创建队列
channel.queue_declare("task_queue")


# 订阅的回调函数这个订阅回调函数是由pika库来调用的
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
    print(" [x] Received %r" % body)
    print(body.count(b‘.‘))
    time.sleep(body.count(b‘.‘))
    print(" [x] Done")

# 定义通道消费者参数
channel.basic_consume(callback,
                      queue="task_queue",
                      no_ack=True)

print(‘ [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C‘)
# 开始接收信息，并进入阻塞状态，队列里有信息才会调用callback进行处理。按ctrl+c退出。
channel.start_consuming()

"""
消费者/接收方
"""
import time
import pika

# 认证信息
credentials = pika.PlainCredentials("admin", "admin")
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters("192.168.254.143", 5672, "/", credentials))
# 建立通道
channel = connection.channel()
# 创建队列
channel.queue_declare("task_queue")


# 订阅的回调函数这个订阅回调函数是由pika库来调用的
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
    print(" [x] Received %r" % body)
    print(body.count(b‘.‘))
    time.sleep(body.count(b‘.‘))
    print(" [x] Done")

# 定义通道消费者参数
channel.basic_consume(callback,
                      queue="task_queue",
                      no_ack=True)

print(‘ [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C‘)
# 开始接收信息，并进入阻塞状态，队列里有信息才会调用callback进行处理。按ctrl+c退出。
channel.start_consuming()

# 在队列中添加消息
for i in range(100):
    message = ‘%s Meassage ‘% i or "Hello World!"
    # 发送消息
    channel.basic_publish(exchange=‘‘,
                          routing_key=‘task_queue‘,
                          body=message,
                          properties=pika.BasicProperties(delivery_mode=2, ))  # 标记属性消息为持久化消息需要客户端应答

    # 发送消息结束,并关闭通道
    print(" [x] Sent %r" % message)

# 订阅回调函数,这个订阅回调函数是由pika库来调用
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
    """
    :param ch: 通道对象
    :param method: 消息方法
    :param properties: 消息属性
    :param body: 消息内容
    :return: None
    """
    print(" [x] Received %r" % (body,))
    time.sleep(2)
    print(" [x] Done")
    # 发送消息确认,确认交易标识符
    ch.basic_ack(delivery_tag=method.delivery_tag)

# Linux
rabbitmqctl list_queues name messages_ready messages_unacknowledged
# Windows
rabbitmqctl.bat list_queues name messages_ready messages_unacknowledged

channel.queue_declare(queue=‘task_queue‘, durable=True)  # 队列持久化

import pika

# 远程主机的RabbitMQ Server设置的用户名密码
credentials = pika.PlainCredentials("admin", "admin")
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters("192.168.254.144", 5672, "/", credentials))

# 创建通道
channel = connection.channel()

# 声明Exchanges
channel.exchange_declare(exchange="logs",
                         exchange_type="fanout")
"""
这里可以看到我们建立连接后,就声明了Exchange,因为把消息发送到一个不存在的Exchange是不允许的,
如果没有消费者绑定这个,Exchange消息将会被丢弃这是可以的因为没有消费者
"""
# 添加消息
for i in range(100):
    message = ‘Logs Number: %s‘ % i
    channel.basic_publish(exchange="logs",  # 将消息发送至Exchange为logs绑定的队列中
                          routing_key="",
                          body=message,)
    print(" [x] Sent %r" % message)

# 关闭通道
connection.close()

"""
1. 声明一个exchange，类型为fanout
2. 申明一个随机queue
3. 绑定exchang与queue
"""

# 连接RabbitMQ验证信息
credentials = pika.PlainCredentials("admin", "admin")
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters("192.168.254.144", 5672, "/", credentials))

# 建立通道
channel = connection.channel()

# Bindings Exchanges 接收消息
channel.exchange_declare(exchange=‘logs‘,
                         exchange_type="fanout")

# 使用随机队列/并标注消费者断开连接后删除队列
# 不需要维护一个队列
result = channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True)
queue_name = result.method.queue


# Queue 与 Exchanges绑定
channel.queue_bind(exchange=‘logs‘,
                   queue=queue_name)

print(‘ [*] Waiting for logs. To exit press CTRL+C‘)


# 定义回调函数这个回调函数将被pika库调用
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
    print(" [x] %r" % body)

# 定义接收消息属性
channel.basic_consume(callback,
                      queue=queue_name,
                      no_ack=True)

# 开始接收消息
channel.start_consuming()

python3 receive.py > fanout_logs.txt

python3 receive.py

channel.queue_bind(exchange=‘logs‘,
                   queue=result.method.queue)

channel.queue_bind(exchange=exchange_name,
                   queue=queue_name)

channel.queue_bind(exchange=exchange_name,
                   queue=queue_name,
                   routing_key=‘black‘)

result = channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True)
callback_queue = result.method.queue

channel.basic_publish(exchange=‘‘,
                      routing_key=‘rpc_queue‘,
                      properties=pika.BasicProperties(
                            reply_to = callback_queue,
                            ),
                      body=request)

"""
RPC/Server端
"""
import pika
# 添加认证信息
credentials = pika.PlainCredentials("admin", "admin")
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters("192.168.254.144", 5672, "/", credentials))

# 添加一个通道
channel = connection.channel()
# 添加一个队列,这个队列在Server就是我们监听请求的队列
channel.queue_declare(queue=‘rpc_queue‘)


# 斐波那契计算
def fib(n):
    if n == 0:
        return 0
    elif n == 1:
        return 1
    else:
        return fib(n-1) + fib(n-2)


#  应答函数,它是我们接受到消息后如处理的函数替代原来的callback
def on_request(ch, method, props, body):
    n = int(body)
    print(" [.] fib(%s)" % n)
    response = fib(n)

    ch.basic_publish(exchange=‘‘,
                     # 返回的队列,从属性的reply_to取出来
                     routing_key=props.reply_to,
                     # 添加correlation_id,和Client进行一致性匹配使用的
                     properties=pika.BasicProperties(correlation_id=props.correlation_id),
                     # 相应消息/我们的处理结果
                     body=str(response))
    # 增加消息回执
    ch.basic_ack(delivery_tag=method.delivery_tag)

# 每次预处理的请求个数/这个请求我没有处理完不要给我发了
channel.basic_qos(prefetch_count=1)
# 定义接收通道的属性/定义了callback方法,接收的队列,返回的队列在哪里？on_request 的routing_key=props.reply_to
channel.basic_consume(on_request, queue=‘rpc_queue‘)

# 开始接收消息
print(" [x] Awaiting RPC requests")
channel.start_consuming()

"""
RPC/Client端
"""
import pika
import uuid


# 定义菲波那切数列RPC Client类调用RPC Server
class FibonacciRpcClient(object):
    def __init__(self):
        # 添加认证信息
        credentials = pika.PlainCredentials("admin", "admin")
        self.connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters("192.168.254.144", 5672, "/", credentials))
        # 添加一个通道
        self.channel = self.connection.channel()
        # 生成一个随机队列-定义callback回调队列
        result = self.channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True)
        self.callback_queue = result.method.queue
        # 定义回调的通道属性
        self.channel.basic_consume(self.on_response,  # 回调结果执行完执行的Client端的callback方法
                                   no_ack=True,
                                   queue=self.callback_queue)
        # 这里注意我们并没有直接阻塞的开始接收消息了

    # Client端 Callback方法
    def on_response(self, ch, method, props, body):
        if self.corr_id == props.correlation_id:
            # 定义了self.response = body
            self.response = body

    def call(self, n):
        # 定义了一个普通字段
        self.response = None
        # 生成了一个uuid
        self.corr_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
        # 发送一个消息
        self.channel.basic_publish(exchange=‘‘,   # 使用默认的Exchange,根据发送的routing_key来选择队列
                                   routing_key=‘rpc_queue‘,  # 消息发送到rpc_queue队列中
                                   # 定义属性
                                   properties=pika.BasicProperties(
                                         reply_to=self.callback_queue,  # Client端定义了回调消息的callback队列
                                         correlation_id=self.corr_id,  # 唯一值用来做什么的？request和callback 匹配用
                                         ),
                                   body=str(n))

        # 开始循环 我们刚才定义self.response=None当不为空的时候停止`
        while self.response is None:
            # 非阻塞的接受消息
            self.connection.process_data_events(time_limit=3)
        return int(self.response)

# 实例化对象
fibonacci_rpc = FibonacciRpcClient()

print(" [x] Requesting fib(30)")
# 发送请求计算菲波那切数列 30
response = fibonacci_rpc.call(30)
print(" [.] Got %r" % response)