ansible里面有一个角色模块，初次学习，部署一个nginx服务器，然后可以进行管理：
先传送公钥给客户端：
[root@ansibleserver ~]# ssh-keygen [root@ansibleserver ~]# ssh-copy-id 192.168.40.147
同步时间：
[root@ansibleserver ~]# ntpdate 0.cn.pool.ntp.org 23 Oct 20:19:16 ntpdate[90632]: step time server 202.204.48.8 offset 62430.508769 sec [root@centos3 ~]# ntpdate 0.cn.pool.ntp.org 23 Oct 20:19:27 ntpdate[9383]: adjust time server 202.204.48.8 offset -0.012253 sec
首先定义安装nginx角色的路径：
[root@ansibleserver ~]# cat /etc/ansible/nginx.yaml - hosts: 192.168.40.147 remote_user: root roles: - nginx
然后进入role目录创建角色任务：
[root@ansibleserver ~]# cd /etc/ansible/roles/ [root@ansibleserver roles]# cd nginx [root@ansibleserver nginx]# ls files handlers tasks templates vars
files目录是存放软件安装包的；
handlers目录是定义其他main.yml文件里的触发器的，至少有一个main.yml文件；
tasks目录是定义安装过程的，至少有一个main.yml文件；
templates目录是定义推送到远端的配置文件的；
vars目录是定义变量的，至少有一个main.yml文件。
nginx安装包：
[root@ansibleserver nginx]# ls files/ nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz
定义触发器，当条件出发则nginx会被reload。
[root@ansibleserver nginx]# ls handlers/ main.yml [root@ansibleserver nginx]# cat handlers/main.yml - name: reload nginx shell: /opt/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
nginx安装过程：
[root@ansibleserver nginx]# ls tasks/
main.yml
[root@ansibleserver nginx]# cat tasks/main.yml
- name: sent nginx
copy: src=nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz dest=/tmp/nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz ##将安装包推送到远端，会调用files目录下的安装包。
- name: tar nginx
shell: cd /tmp;tar -xf nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz ##解压缩安装包。
- name: install packages
yum: name={{ item }} state=latest ##使用with循环安装依赖包。
with_items:
- openssl-devel
- pcre-devel
- name: install nginx
shell: cd /tmp/nginx-1.12.0;./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/opt/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre;make && make install ##编译安装nginx
- name: useradd nginx
shell: useradd nginx -s /sbin/nologin ##添加nginx用户。
- name: copy nginx.conf
template: src=nginx.conf dest=/opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf ##将本地配置好的配置文件推送到远端，会调用templates目录下的文件。
tags: copynginx.conf ##打一个标签。
- name: start nginx
shell: /opt/nginx/sbin/nginx ##开启nginx服务
notify: reload nginx ##触发器，当复制过去的文件有差异时便会出发handlers模块里的文件。
nginx配置文件，里面定义了一些变量，使得可以被用来安装多台nginx。
[root@ansibleserver nginx]# ls templates/
nginx.conf
[root@ansibleserver nginx]# cat templates/nginx.conf
#user nobody;
worker_processes {{ ansible_processor_vcpus }}; ###ansible带的变量，可以通过命令ansible 192.168.40.147 -m setup 找到客户机相应的值。
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main ‘$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ‘
# ‘$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ‘
# ‘"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"‘;
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
server {
listen {{ nginx_port }}; ###监听端口，在vars模块中定义。
server_name {{ server_name }}; ###域名，在vars模块中定义。
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root /web;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
# location ~ \.php$ {
# root /web;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
# }
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache‘s document root
# concurs with nginx‘s one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
include vhosts/*.conf; ###这里添加一条include，可以在安装nginx成功后方便管理时添加虚拟主机，或者模块。
}定义传送给客户端nginx的配置文件的变量：
[root@ansibleserver nginx]# ls vars/ main.yml [root@ansibleserver nginx]# cat vars/main.yml nginx_port: "8080" server_name: "www.ls.com"
在/etc/ansible目录下执行。
[root@ansibleserver ansible]# ansible-playbook nginx.yaml PLAY [192.168.40.147] ********************************************************* GATHERING FACTS *************************************************************** ok: [192.168.40.147] TASK: [nginx | sent nginx] **************************************************** ok: [192.168.40.147] TASK: [nginx | tar nginx] ***************************************************** changed: [192.168.40.147] TASK: [nginx | install packages] ********************************************** ok: [192.168.40.147] => (item=openssl-devel,pcre-devel) TASK: [nginx | install nginx] ************************************************* changed: [192.168.40.147] TASK: [nginx | useradd nginx] ************************************************* changed: [192.168.40.147] TASK: [nginx | copy nginx.conf] *********************************************** ok: [192.168.40.147] TASK: [nginx | start nginx] *************************************************** changed: [192.168.40.147] NOTIFIED: [nginx | reload nginx] ********************************************** changed: [192.168.40.147] PLAY RECAP ******************************************************************** 192.168.40.147 : ok=9 changed=5 unreachable=0 failed=0
定义一个管理nginx的任务路径：
[root@ansibleserver ansible]# cat nginx_conf.yaml - hosts: 192.168.40.147 remote_user: root roles: - nginx_conf
配置和安装基本一样：
[root@ansibleserver nginx_conf]# cd /etc/ansible/roles/nginx_conf/ [root@ansibleserver nginx_conf]# tree . ├── files │ └── nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz ├── handlers │ └── main.yml ├── tasks │ └── main.yml ├── templates │ └── server.conf └── vars └── main.yml 5 directories, 5 files
只是在tasks里面利用客户端nginx配置文件里include添加一个虚拟主机：
[root@ansibleserver nginx_conf]# cat tasks/main.yml
- name: mkdir vhosts
shell: mkdir /opt/nginx/conf/vhosts
- name: copy nginx.conf
template: src=server.conf dest=/opt/nginx/conf/vhosts/{{ server_name }}.conf
tags: copynginx.conf
notify: reload nginx然后按照相同的方式执行就可以了。
[root@ansibleserver ansible]# ansible-playbook nginx_conf.yaml PLAY [192.168.40.147] ********************************************************* GATHERING FACTS *************************************************************** ok: [192.168.40.147] TASK: [nginx_conf | mkdir vhosts] ********************************************* changed: [192.168.40.147] TASK: [nginx_conf | copy nginx.conf] ****************************************** changed: [192.168.40.147] NOTIFIED: [nginx_conf | reload nginx] ***************************************** changed: [192.168.40.147] PLAY RECAP ******************************************************************** 192.168.40.147 : ok=4 changed=3 unreachable=0 failed=0
本文出自 “运维小记” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://lsfandlinux.blog.51cto.com/13405754/1975373
原文地址：http://lsfandlinux.blog.51cto.com/13405754/1975373
