标签：keepalived lvs dr hearthcheck
关于LVS基础不多介绍直接操练起来。
1.环境准备
首先准备4台机器（VM,Vbox...）
node1 --> Director1 192.168.137.31 vip=192.168.137.10
node2 --> Director2 192.168.137.32 vip=192.168.137.10
node3 --> RServer1 192.168.137.33
node4 --> RServer2 192.168.137.34
基于DR负载均衡模式，设置了一个VIP（Virtual IP）为192.168.137.10，用户只需要访问这个IP地址即可获得网页服务。其中，负载均衡MASTER-Server1 192.168.137.31，BACKUP-Server2 192.168.137.32 ;RServer1为192.168.137.33，RServer2为192.168..137.34
拓扑：
2.RealServer 配置
RS1配置
# yum install -y httpd # echo "<h1>The page from node3</h1>" > /var/www/html/index.html # service httpd start
编写脚本setka.sh配置内核参数
[root@localhost ~]# cat setka.sh #!/bin/bash vip=192.168.137.10 case $1 in start) echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce ifconfig lo:0 $vip broadcast $vip netmask 255.255.255.255 up ;; stop) ifconfig lo:0 down echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce ;; esac
# bash setka.sh start ##运行该脚本设置相关内核参数及VIP地址。 # cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore ##内核参数设置成功 1 # cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce 2 # ifconfig lo:0 ##VIP设置成功 lo:0 Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:192.168.137.10 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1 # scp setka.sh root@192.168.137.33:/root ##拷贝一份给RS2 setka.sh 100% 547 0.5KB/s 00:00
RS2配置
# yum install -y httpd # echo "<h1>The page from node4</h1>" > /var/www/html/index.html # service start httpd # bash setka.sh ##执行脚本，检查设置是否生效 两台都准备妥当后。
3.Director 配置
在配置之前，先要把4机器的时间同步一下
以node1为ntp-server
[root@node1 ~]# for i in 31 32 33 34;do ssh 192.168.137.$i ‘date‘;done ##提前给4台机器做了密钥认证 Wed Nov 8 23:50:28 CST 2017 Wed Nov 8 23:50:28 CST 2017 Wed Nov 8 23:50:28 CST 2017 Wed Nov 8 23:50:28 CST 2017 # yum install -y ipvsadm # route add -host 192.168.137.10/32 dev eth0 添加IPVS规则 # ipvsadm -A -t 192.168.137.10:80 -s rr # ipvsadm -a -t 1192.168.137.10:80 -r 192.168.137.37 -g -w 1 # ipvsadm -a -t 192.168.137.10:80 -r 192.168.137.37 -g -w 1 # ipvsadm -a -t 192.168.137.10:80 -r 192.168.137.33 -g -w 2 # ipvsadm -L -n 使用另一台Director访问VIP curl http://192.168.137.10 [root@node2 ~]# curl http://192.168.137.10 <h1>The page from node3</h1> [root@node2 ~]# curl http://192.168.137.10 <h1>The page from node4</h1> [root@node2 ~]# curl http://192.168.137.10
两台Director进行IPVS测试之后，清除ipvs规则删除route条目
# ipvsadm -C
# route del -host 192.168.137.10/32 dev eth0
开始给Director 配置keepalived
MASTER 配置（node1）
# yum install -y keepalived httpd
# echo "<h1>Sorry,Under maintances(31).</h1>" > /var/www/html/index.html ##添加sorry_server页面
# service httpd start
# 编辑配置文件keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
root@localhost #本地email地址
}
notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
vrrp_mcast_group4 224.0.1.118 #配置VRRP组播域
}
#健康状态检测脚本检查
vrrp_script chk_mt {
script "[[ -f /etc/keepalived/down ]] && exit 1 || exit 0"
interval 1
weight -20
}
#实例
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 151 #虚拟路由ID
priority 100 #权重100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.137.10/16 dev eth0 label eth0:1 #虚拟IP地址这里建议使用16为掩码
}
track_script { #追踪健康状态脚本
chk_mt
}
notify_master "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh master" #配置通知脚本
notify_backup "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh backup"
notify_fault "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh fault"
}
#虚拟服务器及RealServer配置
virtual_server 192.168.137.10 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo wrr #weighted rr （表示通过权重来轮询调度）
lb_kind DR #LVS DR 模型
nat_mask 255.255.255.0
protocol TCP
sorry_server 127.0.0.1 80 #本地sorry_server服务器配置
real_server 192.168.137.33 80 {
weight 1
HTTP_GET {
url {
path /
status_code 200
}
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
real_server 192.168.137.34 80 {
weight 2
HTTP_GET {
url {
path /
status_code 200
}
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
}通知脚本(/etc/keepalived/notify.sh)：
#!/bin/bash
# Author: ljohnmail@foxmail.com
# description: An example of notify script
#
vip=192.168.137.10
contact=‘root@localhost‘
notify() {
mailsubject="`hostname` to be $1: $vip floating"
mailbody="`date ‘+%F %H:%M:%S‘`: vrrp transition, `hostname` changed to be $1"
echo $mailbody | mail -s "$mailsubject" $contact
}
case "$1" in
master)
notify master
exit 0
;;
backup)
notify backup
exit 0
;;
fault)
notify fault
exit 0
;;
*)
echo ‘Usage: `basename $0` {master|backup|fault}‘
exit 1
;;
esac
注：通知脚本需要拷一份至node2
scp notify.sh root@192.168.137.32:/etc/keepalived/BACKUP配置（node2）
# yum install -y keepalived
# yum install -y httpd
# echo "<h1>Sorry,Under maintances(32).</h1>" > /var/www/html/index.html ##添加sorry_server页面
# service httpd start
# 配置keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
root@localhost
}
notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
vrrp_mcast_group4 224.0.1.118
}
vrrp_script chk_mt {
script "[[ -f /etc/keepalived/down ]] && exit 1 || exit 0"
interval 1
weight -20
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 151
priority 99
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.137.10/16 dev eth0 label eth0:1
}
track_script {
chk_mt
}
notify_master "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh master"
notify_backup "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh backup"
notify_fault "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh fault"
}
virtual_server 192.168.137.10 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo wrr
lb_kind DR
nat_mask 255.255.255.0
protocol TCP
sorry_server 127.0.0.1 80
real_server 192.168.137.33 80 {
weight 1
HTTP_GET {
url {
path /
status_code 200
}
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
real_server 192.168.137.34 80 {
weight 2
HTTP_GET {
url {
path /
status_code 200
}
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
}4.启动keepalived并测试功能
在node1上
1、启动keepalived
# service keepalived restart ; ssh 192.168.137.32 ‘service keepalived restart‘ # ifconfig [root@node1~]# ifconfig ##可以看到eth0:1地址已经获取到 eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:AA:09:30 inet addr:192.168.137.31 Bcast:192.168.137.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:feaa:930/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:46005 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:59292 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:5151611 (4.9 MiB) TX bytes:5965319 (5.6 MiB) eth0:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:AA:09:30 inet addr:192.168.137.10 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.0.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
2、测试访问web
[root@node1~]# curl http://192.168.137.10 <h1>The page from node3</h1> [root@node1~]# curl http://192.168.137.10 <h1>The page from node4</h1>
3、健康状态检测
手动在(MASTER)/etc/keepalived中新建一个down文件
# touch down
# 脚本检测到down文件存在权重减20，则vip会自动的floating 到BACKUP的主机上，删除down文件MASTER会将vip抢回来（处于主备的抢占模式下）。
测试如下：
[root@node1 keepalived]# touch down [root@node1 keepalived]# [root@node1 keepalived]# ls down keepalived.conf notify.sh 在node2上发现VIP设置成功 [root@node2 ~]# ifconfig eth0:1 eth0:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:CB:63:DF inet addr:192.168.137.10 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.0.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 在看看mail，此处说明VIP漂至node2 U 10 root Wed Nov 8 21:50 19/723 "node2.localdomain to be master: 192.168.137.10 floating" 访问VIP： [root@node1 keepalived]# curl 192.168.137.10 <h1>The page from node4</h1> [root@node1 keepalived]# curl 192.168.137.10 <h1>The page from node3</h1> 删除node1keepalived上的down文件。 #rm -rf /etc/keepalived/down [root@node1 keepalived]# ifconfig eth0:1 eth0:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:AA:09:30 inet addr:192.168.137.10 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.0.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 mail邮件 >N 9 root Wed Nov 8 22:01 18/713 "node1.localdomain to be master: 192.168.137.10 floating" 查看网站是否正常访问 [root@node2 ~]# curl 192.168.137.10 <h1>The page from node4</h1> [root@node2 ~]# curl 192.168.137.10 <h1>The page from node3</h1> 这里可看到地址又被node1抢回来了（因为我们配置的是抢占模式），网站正常被调度，测试完毕！！！
4、Sorry_Server测试
在RealServer(node3)
停掉两台RealServer服务器
# service httpd stop ; ssh 192.168.137.34 ‘service httpd stop‘
[root@liu ~]# curl http://192.168.137.10
<h1>Sorry,Under maintances(31).</h1>
注释：这里会用涉及到ntp时钟同步，Openssl的密钥的认证，
# ntpdate IP(ntp时钟服务器地址)
*/5 * * * * root /usr/sbin/ntpdate 192.168.137.31 &>/dev/null;hwclock -w
# ssh-keygen -t rsa -P ‘‘ -f "/root/.ssh/id_rsa"
# ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub [user@]machine
至此keepalived+lvs_dr+healthcheck 高可用集群就这样部署完毕。
本文出自 “Ljohn” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://ljohn.blog.51cto.com/11932290/1980547
标签：keepalived lvs dr hearthcheck
原文地址：http://ljohn.blog.51cto.com/11932290/1980547
