实验01:搭建简单DHCP服务器
实验目标
搭建简单DHCP服务器
实验步骤
环境准备
安装一台RHEL6.5虚拟机
1)内存1G、硬盘80G、软件包(桌面、开发工具)
2)关闭防火墙、关闭SELinux机制
提示:修改 /etc/selinux/config,设置SELINUX=permissive
getenforce、setenforce
3)安装好vmware-tools
4)网络配置:VMnet4, svr5.tarena.com 192.168.4.5/24
提示:关闭 NetworkManager 服务
修改 ifcfg-eth0文件,ONBOOT=yes、NM_CONTROLED=no
5)配置YUM仓库,确保可用
[root@svr5 ~]#vim /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel6.repo
[rhel-packages]
name=RHEL6
baseurl=file:///misc/cd
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
2. 关机、做快照,压缩备用
3. 克隆出第二台RHEL6.5虚拟机
1)网络配置:VMnet4, pc205.tarena.com 192.168.4.205
2)将 eth1 恢复为 eth0
[root@svr5 ~]#vim /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
.. ..
#//删除原有的eth0配置
#//将 eth1 的配置名称改为 eth0
SUBSYSTEM=="net",ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*",ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:f1:cb:79", ATTR{type}=="1",KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth0"
[root@svr5 ~]#reboot
服务器端
1.安装软件包
[root@svr5 ~]# yum -y install dhcp
2.配置主配置文件
[root@svr5 ~]# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
1 default-lease-time 7200;
2 max-lease-time 14400;
3 subnet 192.168.4.0 netmask255.255.255.0 {
4 range 192.168.4.28 192.168.4.54;
5 range 192.168.4.128 192.168.4.200;
6 option domain-name-servers202.106.0.20,8.8.8.8;
7 option domain-name "tarena.com";
8 option routers 192.168.4.1;
9 }
3.重新启动服务
[root@svr5 桌面]# service dhcpd restart
正在启动 dhcpd: [确定]
[root@svr5 桌面]# chkconfig dhcpd on
[root@svr5 桌面]# netstat -anptu | grep dhcp
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:67 0.0.0.0:* 2889/dhcpd
客户端
1.修改网卡配置文件
[root@pc205 桌面]# vim/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
2.重新启动网络服务
[root@pc205 桌面]# service network restart
正在关闭接口 eth0: [确定]
关闭环回接口: [确定]
弹出环回接口: [确定]
弹出界面 eth0:
正在决定 eth0 的 IP 信息...完成。
[确定]
3.查看网卡信息
[root@pc205 桌面]# ifconfig eth0
eth0 Linkencap:Ethernet HWaddr00:0C:29:B4:73:BE
inetaddr:192.168.4.28 Bcast:192.168.4.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:feb4:73be/64Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNINGMULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:11 errors:0dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:163errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:2636 (2.5KiB) TX bytes:24530 (23.9 KiB)
实验02:保留地址
1. 服务器调整
修改主配置文件
[root@svr5 ~]# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
default-lease-time 7200;
max-lease-time 14400;
log-facility local7;
subnet 192.168.4.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.4.28192.168.4.54;
range 192.168.4.128192.168.4.200;
optiondomain-name-servers 202.106.0.20,8.8.8.8;
option domain-name"tarena.com";
option routers192.168.4.1;
host pc205 {
hardware ethernet 00:0C:29:4A:8C:27;
fixed-address 192.168.4.110;
}
}
2.重新启动服务
[root@svr5 /]# service dhcpd restart
关闭 dhcpd: [确定]
正在启动 dhcpd: [确定]
3.客户端测试
[root@pc205 桌面]# dhclient -d eth0
Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.1.1-P1
Copyright 2004-2010 Internet Systems Consortium.
All rights reserved.
For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/
Listening on LPF/eth0/00:0c:29:b4:73:be
Sending on LPF/eth0/00:0c:29:b4:73:be
Sending on Socket/fallback
DHCPDISCOVER on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 7(xid=0x457d6a84)
DHCPDISCOVER on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 10(xid=0x457d6a84)
DHCPOFFER from 192.168.4.5
DHCPREQUEST on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 (xid=0x457d6a84)
DHCPACK from 192.168.4.5 (xid=0x457d6a84)
bound to 192.168.4.29 -- renewal in 3507 seconds.
问题和经验总结
故障现象:
在客户端不能自动获取ip地址
解决办法:
先检查是否关闭了NetworkManager服务,如果关闭仍不能获取,再检查dhcp服务器的配置是否有误
本文出自 “IT” 博客,请务必保留此出处http://9265605.blog.51cto.com/9255605/1552630
原文地址:http://9265605.blog.51cto.com/9255605/1552630