一、安装kvm
1、先在blos中，开启vt-d功能
2、检查vmx看，是否开启vt-d
[root@kvm-server ~]# egrep --color ‘(vmx|svm)‘ /proc/cpuinfo
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc aperfmperf unfair_spinlock pni pclmulqdq vmx ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm ida arat epb xsaveopt pln pts dts tpr_shadow vnmi ept vpid fsgsbase bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 invpcid
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc aperfmperf unfair_spinlock pni pclmulqdq vmx ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm ida arat epb xsaveopt pln pts dts tpr_shadow vnmi ept vpid fsgsbase bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 invpcid
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc aperfmperf unfair_spinlock pni pclmulqdq vmx ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm ida arat epb xsaveopt pln pts dts tpr_shadow vnmi ept vpid fsgsbase bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 invpcid
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc aperfmperf unfair_spinlock pni pclmulqdq vmx ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm ida arat epb xsaveopt pln pts dts tpr_shadow vnmi ept vpid fsgsbase bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 invpcid
3、yum install qemu-kvm virt-manager python-virtinst qemu-kvm-tools libvirt -y
4、配置桥接网卡
[root@kvm-server ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0 DEVICE=br0 TYPE=Bridge ONBOOT=yes NM_CONTROLLED=no BOOTPROTO=none IPADDR=192.168.1.151 PREFIX=24 GATEWAY=192.168.1.1. DNS1=192.168.1.1 [root@kvm-server ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 E=eth0 TYPE=Ethernet ONBOOT=yes NM_CONTROLLED=no BOOTPROTO=none BRIDGE=br0
#重启网络服务
service network restart
#查看ip
[root@kvm-server ~]# ifconfig
br0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr E6:BB:52:CC:A2:13
inet addr:192.168.1.151 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::e4bb:52ff:fecc:a213/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:10 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:636 (636.0 b)
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:3C:A4:3F
inet addr:192.168.1.151 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe3c:a43f/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:75470 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:87895 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:4908230 (4.6 MiB) TX bytes:103752663 (98.9 MiB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:1 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:1 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:76 (76.0 b) TX bytes:76 (76.0 b)
virbr0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 52:54:00:7D:25:D1
inet addr:192.168.122.1 Bcast:192.168.122.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:31 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:9 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:2162 (2.1 KiB) TX bytes:1324 (1.2 KiB)
5、启动libvirtd服务
/etc/init.d/libvirtd start /etc/init.d/libvirtd status
6、安装虚拟机
[root@kvm-server ~]# cd /opt/
#创建分区
qemu-img create -f raw /opt/kvm.raw 10G
#加载镜像
dd if=/dev/cdrom of=/opt/centos66.iso
ls -lsh /opt/centos66.iso
#安装centos6.6
virt-install --virt-type kvm --name centos6.6 --ram 1024 --cdrom=/opt/centos66.iso --network network=default --graphics vnc,listen=0.0.0.0 --noautoconsole --os-type=linux --os-variant=rhel6 --disk path=/opt/kvm.raw
#清空iptables
iptables -L
iptables -F
备注：必须清空防火墙，否则无法连接TightVNC软件
7、查看监听端口
[root@kvm-server ~]# netstat -ntlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 192.168.122.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1744/dnsmasq
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1442/sshd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1547/master
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:39453 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1195/rpc.statd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1175/rpcbind
tcp 0 0 :::36693 :::* LISTEN 1195/rpc.statd
tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1442/sshd
tcp 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1547/master
tcp 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN 1175/rpcbind
[root@kvm-server ~]# ps aux | grep kvm
root 771 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 10:58 0:00 [kvm-irqfd-clean]
root 29480 0.0 0.0 103256 840 pts/1 S+ 13:36 0:00 grep kvm
8、安装windows连接vnc软件
软件名称：TightVNC viewer 2.8.8
#系统安装过程
省略。。。
#查看cpu分配缓存
[root@kvm-server ~]# lscpu -p # The following is the parsable format, which can be fed to other # programs. Each different item in every column has an unique ID # starting from zero. # CPU,Core,Socket,Node,,L1d,L1i,L2,L3 0,0,0,0,,0,0,0,0 1,1,0,0,,0,0,0,0 2,2,1,0,,1,1,1,1 3,3,1,0,,1,1,1,1
#查看cpu
[root@kvm-server ~]# lscpu Architecture: x86_64 CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit Byte Order: Little Endian CPU(s): 4 On-line CPU(s) list: 0-3 Thread(s) per core: 1 Core(s) per socket: 2 Socket(s): 2 NUMA node(s): 1 Vendor ID: GenuineIntel CPU family: 6 Model: 60 Stepping: 3 CPU MHz: 2401.000 BogoMIPS: 4802.00 Virtualization: VT-x Hypervisor vendor: VMware Virtualization type: full L1d cache: 32K L1i cache: 32K L2 cache: 256K L3 cache: 6144K NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-3
#查看网卡
STP是生成树协议
[root@kvm-server ~]# brctl show
bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces
br0 8000.000000000000 no
virbr0 8000.5254007d25d1 yes virbr0-nic
#查看安装完成系统，占用1.9G
[root@kvm-server opt]# qemu-img info kvm.raw
image: kvm.raw
file format: raw
virtual size: 10G (10737418240 bytes)
disk size: 1.9G
#生成帮助文件
[root@kvm-server opt]# virsh --help >virsh-help.txt
[root@kvm-server opt]# ll
total 6488708
-rw-r--r--. 1 qemu qemu 4632608768 Jan 21 11:10 centos66.iso
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 10737418240 Jan 21 13:02 kvm.raw
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 156 Jan 21 11:04 qemu-ifdown.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 167 Jan 21 11:04 qemu-ifup.sh
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Nov 22 2013 rh
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 14608 Jan 21 13:53 virsh-help.txt
#查看virsh命令帮助文件
[root@kvm-server opt]# less virsh-help.txt
virsh [options]... [<command_string>]
virsh [options]... <command> [args...]
options:
-c | --connect=URI hypervisor connection URI
-r | --readonly connect readonly
-d | --debug=NUM debug level [0-4]
-h | --help this help
-q | --quiet quiet mode
-t | --timing print timing information
-l | --log=FILE output logging to file
-v short version
-V long version
--version[=TYPE] version, TYPE is short or long (default short)
-e | --escape <char> set escape sequence for console
commands (non interactive mode):
Domain Management (help keyword ‘domain‘)
attach-device attach device from an XML file
attach-disk attach disk device
attach-interface attach network interface
autostart autostart a domain
blkdeviotune Set or query a block device I/O tuning parameters.
blkiotune Get or set blkio parameters
blockcommit Start a block commit operation.
blockcopy Start a block copy operation.
blockjob Manage active block operations
blockpull Populate a disk from its backing image.
blockresize Resize block device of domain.
change-media Change media of CD or floppy drive
console connect to the guest console
cpu-baseline compute baseline CPU
cpu-compare compare host CPU with a CPU described by an XML file
cpu-stats show domain cpu statistics
create create a domain from an XML file
define define (but don‘t start) a domain from an XML file
desc show or set domain‘s description or title
destroy destroy (stop) a domain
detach-device detach device from an XML file
detach-disk detach disk device
detach-interface detach network interface
domdisplay domain display connection URI
domhostname print the domain‘s hostname
domid convert a domain name or UUID to domain id
domif-setlink set link state of a virtual interface
domiftune get/set parameters of a virtual interface
domjobabort abort active domain job
domjobinfo domain job information
domname convert a domain id or UUID to domain name
dompmsuspend suspend a domain gracefully using power management functions
dompmwakeup wakeup a domain from pmsuspended state
domuuid convert a domain name or id to domain UUID
domxml-from-native Convert native config to domain XML
domxml-to-native Convert domain XML to native config
dump dump the core of a domain to a file for analysis
dumpxml domain information in XML
edit edit XML configuration for a domain
inject-nmi Inject NMI to the guest
send-key Send keycodes to the guest
managedsave managed save of a domain state
managedsave-remove Remove managed save of a domain
maxvcpus connection vcpu maximum
memtune Get or set memory parameters
migrate migrate domain to another host
migrate-setmaxdowntime set maximum tolerable downtime
migrate-setspeed Set the maximum migration bandwidth
migrate-getspeed Get the maximum migration bandwidth
numatune Get or set numa parameters
reboot reboot a domain
reset reset a domain
restore restore a domain from a saved state in a file
resume resume a domain
save save a domain state to a file
save-image-define redefine the XML for a domain‘s saved state file
save-image-dumpxml saved state domain information in XML
save-image-edit edit XML for a domain‘s saved state file
schedinfo show/set scheduler parameters
screenshot take a screenshot of a current domain console and store it into a file
setmaxmem change maximum memory limit
setmem change memory allocation
setvcpus change number of virtual CPUs
shutdown gracefully shutdown a domain
start start a (previously defined) inactive domain
suspend suspend a domain
ttyconsole tty console
undefine undefine a domain
update-device update device from an XML file
vcpucount domain vcpu counts
vcpuinfo detailed domain vcpu information
vcpupin control or query domain vcpu affinity
emulatorpin control or query domain emulator affinity
vncdisplay vnc display
Domain Monitoring (help keyword ‘monitor‘)
domblkerror Show errors on block devices
domblkinfo domain block device size information
domblklist list all domain blocks
domblkstat get device block stats for a domain
domcontrol domain control interface state
domif-getlink get link state of a virtual interface
domiflist list all domain virtual interfaces
domifstat get network interface stats for a domain
dominfo domain information
dommemstat get memory statistics for a domain
domstate domain state
list list domains
Host and Hypervisor (help keyword ‘host‘)
capabilities capabilities
freecell NUMA free memory
hostname print the hypervisor hostname
node-memory-tune Get or set node memory parameters
nodecpustats Prints cpu stats of the node.
nodeinfo node information
nodememstats Prints memory stats of the node.
nodesuspend suspend the host node for a given time duration
qemu-attach QEMU Attach
qemu-monitor-command QEMU Monitor Command
qemu-agent-command QEMU Guest Agent Command
sysinfo print the hypervisor sysinfo
uri print the hypervisor canonical URI
version show version
Interface (help keyword ‘interface‘)
iface-begin create a snapshot of current interfaces settings, which can be later committed (iface-commit) or restored (iface-rollback)
iface-bridge create a bridge device and attach an existing network device to it
iface-commit commit changes made since iface-begin and free restore point
iface-define define (but don‘t start) a physical host interface from an XML file
iface-destroy destroy a physical host interface (disable it / "if-down")
iface-dumpxml interface information in XML
iface-edit edit XML configuration for a physical host interface
iface-list list physical host interfaces
iface-mac convert an interface name to interface MAC address
iface-name convert an interface MAC address to interface name
iface-rollback rollback to previous saved configuration created via iface-begin
iface-start start a physical host interface (enable it / "if-up")
iface-unbridge undefine a bridge device after detaching its slave device
iface-undefine undefine a physical host interface (remove it from configuration)
Network Filter (help keyword ‘filter‘)
nwfilter-define define or update a network filter from an XML file
nwfilter-dumpxml network filter information in XML
nwfilter-edit edit XML configuration for a network filter
nwfilter-list list network filters
nwfilter-undefine undefine a network filter
Networking (help keyword ‘network‘)
net-autostart autostart a network
net-create create a network from an XML file
net-define define (but don‘t start) a network from an XML file
net-destroy destroy (stop) a network
net-dumpxml network information in XML
net-edit edit XML configuration for a network
net-info network information
net-list list networks
net-name convert a network UUID to network name
net-start start a (previously defined) inactive network
net-undefine undefine an inactive network
net-update update parts of an existing network‘s configuration
net-uuid convert a network name to network UUID
Node Device (help keyword ‘nodedev‘)
nodedev-create create a device defined by an XML file on the node
nodedev-destroy destroy (stop) a device on the node
nodedev-detach detach node device from its device driver
nodedev-dumpxml node device details in XML
nodedev-list enumerate devices on this host
nodedev-reattach reattach node device to its device driver
nodedev-reset reset node device
Secret (help keyword ‘secret‘)
secret-define define or modify a secret from an XML file
secret-dumpxml secret attributes in XML
secret-get-value Output a secret value
secret-list list secrets
secret-set-value set a secret value
secret-undefine undefine a secret
Snapshot (help keyword ‘snapshot‘)
snapshot-create Create a snapshot from XML
snapshot-create-as Create a snapshot from a set of args
snapshot-current Get or set the current snapshot
snapshot-delete Delete a domain snapshot
snapshot-dumpxml Dump XML for a domain snapshot
snapshot-edit edit XML for a snapshot
snapshot-info snapshot information
snapshot-list List snapshots for a domain
snapshot-parent Get the name of the parent of a snapshot
snapshot-revert Revert a domain to a snapshot
Storage Pool (help keyword ‘pool‘)
find-storage-pool-sources-as find potential storage pool sources
find-storage-pool-sources discover potential storage pool sources
pool-autostart autostart a pool
pool-build build a pool
pool-create-as create a pool from a set of args
pool-create create a pool from an XML file
pool-define-as define a pool from a set of args
pool-define define (but don‘t start) a pool from an XML file
pool-delete delete a pool
pool-destroy destroy (stop) a pool
pool-dumpxml pool information in XML
pool-edit edit XML configuration for a storage pool
pool-info storage pool information
pool-list list pools
pool-name convert a pool UUID to pool name
pool-refresh refresh a pool
pool-start start a (previously defined) inactive pool
pool-undefine undefine an inactive pool
pool-uuid convert a pool name to pool UUID
Storage Volume (help keyword ‘volume‘)
vol-clone clone a volume.
vol-create-as create a volume from a set of args
vol-create create a vol from an XML file
vol-create-from create a vol, using another volume as input
vol-delete delete a vol
vol-download download volume contents to a file
vol-dumpxml vol information in XML
vol-info storage vol information
vol-key returns the volume key for a given volume name or path
vol-list list vols
vol-name returns the volume name for a given volume key or path
vol-path returns the volume path for a given volume name or key
vol-pool returns the storage pool for a given volume key or path
vol-resize resize a vol
vol-upload upload file contents to a volume
vol-wipe wipe a vol
Virsh itself (help keyword ‘virsh‘)
cd change the current directory
connect (re)connect to hypervisor
echo echo arguments
exit quit this interactive terminal
help print help
pwd print the current directory
quit quit this interactive terminal
(specify help <group> for details about the commands in the group)
(specify help <command> for details about the command)
#
