一、程序设计思路
在详细的查看了观察《冀教版数学二年级上册口算练习》文档之后，可以发现：1.算式中每个数不能超过100，运算结果不能超过100。2.运算结果必须得是正整数，除法不能出现余数。3.乘法算式的范围在9 X 9乘法表内，除法算式同样。4.可以出现一部分混合运算，但仅限于加减法而且不带括号优先级。
根据上述规则，可以采用如下方式产生算式：
首先可以明确，在一定范围内，随机数的产生结果不会有大规模的重复现象，查重很耗费时间。
操作符通过1-4的随机数产生，一个数对应一个操作符。
对于加法算式，第一个操作数opre1直接在1-99内生成，第二个操作数在100-opre1到1之间生成。
对于减法算式，第一个操作数opre1直接在1-99内生成，第二个操作数在opre1到1之间生成。
对于乘法，两个操作数均在1-9内产生。
对于除法，先产生两个1-9之间的随机数opre1、opre2，然后让opre1 = opre1*opre2，opre2不变，opre1作为算式的答案。
对于三个操作数的混合运算，原理同上。
由于要改成网页版，所以按照MVC的框架模式来划分：
视图（View）有三个界面，首页获取小孩儿输入的题目数量（用JavaScript脚本检验输入数据的合法性），将这个题目数量发送到题目展示界面proshow.jsp，这个界面会使用GradeTwo中产生算式的静态方法，并产生答案。在这个界面上要输入计算结果，点击提交后将答案发送到Servlet中判断结果。Servlet处理后会将结果信息发送到result.jsp中显示。
模型（Model）就是GradeTwo这个类，这个类中有好几个静态变量的集合，分别储存算式、答案、结果。在每次重新产生算式时，三个集合清空。这个类中还有产生表达式的方法、判断答案对错的方法，供外界调用。
控制（Control）就是Servlet，主要就是把proshow.jsp传递过来的结果进行验证，并把结果集传递给result.jsp中显示，没有其他的流程了。
二、源代码
1 import java.util.ArrayList; 2 import java.util.List; 3 import java.util.Random; 4 import java.util.Set; 5 import java.util.Vector; 6 7 public class GradeTwo { 8 private static String opera = "+-*/"; 9 public static Vector<String> pro = new Vector<String>(); 10 public static Vector<String> key = new Vector<String>(); 11 //public static Vector<String> key1 = new Vector<String>(); 12 public static String[]result1; 13 public static int[]end = new int[3]; 14 public static void solve(String[]list) { 15 result1 = new String[list.length]; 16 for(int i = 0;i<list.length;++i) 17 result1[i]= list[i]; 18 } 19 public static void clear() { 20 pro.clear(); 21 key.clear(); 22 } 23 public static int isInteger(int c1, int c2, char opera) { 24 int result = 0; 25 int result1 = 0; 26 switch (opera) { 27 case ‘+‘: 28 result = c1 + c2; 29 break; 30 case ‘-‘: 31 result = c1 - c2; 32 break; 33 case ‘*‘: 34 result = c1 * c2; 35 break; 36 case ‘/‘: 37 result = c1 / c2; 38 result1 = c1 % c2; 39 break; 40 } 41 if (result >= 0 && result <= 100 && result1 == 0) 42 return result; 43 else 44 return -1; 45 } 46 47 public static String getPoly() { 48 String poly = ""; 49 // Random random = new Random(); 50 // 51 // int c1; 52 // int c2; 53 // int result; 54 // char operac; 55 // boolean flag = true; 56 // do { 57 // c1 = random.nextInt(100) + 1; 58 // c2 = random.nextInt(100) + 1; 59 // operac = opera.charAt(random.nextInt(4)); 60 // if (operac == ‘*‘) 61 // poly = c1 + " × " + c2 + " = "; 62 // if (operac == ‘/‘) 63 // poly = c1 + " ÷ " + c2 + " = "; 64 // if (operac == ‘+‘) 65 // poly = c1 + " + " + c2 + " = "; 66 // if (operac == ‘-‘) 67 // poly = c1 + " - " + c2 + " = "; 68 // /*for (int i = 0;i<pro.size();++i) { 69 // if (poly.equals(pro.get(i))) { 70 // flag = false; 71 // break; 72 // } 73 // }*/ 74 // } while (!flag || (result = isInteger(c1, c2, operac)) < 0); 75 // pro.add(poly); 76 // key.add(String.valueOf(result)); 77 Random random = new Random(); 78 //产生0.9的两位运算,0.1的三位运算 79 char operate; 80 char operate1; 81 int operand1 = 0; 82 int operand2 = 0; 83 int operand3 = 0; 84 int result; 85 int percent = random.nextInt(100)+1; 86 if(percent<=90) { 87 operate = opera.charAt(random.nextInt(4)); 88 switch(operate) { 89 case ‘+‘: 90 operand1 = random.nextInt(100); 91 operand2 = random.nextInt(100-operand1); 92 poly = operand1+" + "+operand2+" = "; 93 break; 94 case ‘-‘: 95 operand1 = random.nextInt(100)+1; 96 operand2 = random.nextInt(operand1); 97 poly = operand1+" - "+operand2+ " = "; 98 break; 99 case ‘*‘: 100 operand1 = random.nextInt(9)+1; 101 operand2 = random.nextInt(9)+1; 102 poly = operand1+" × "+operand2+ " = "; 103 break; 104 case ‘/‘: 105 operand1 = random.nextInt(9)+1; 106 operand2 = random.nextInt(9)+1; 107 operand1 = operand1*operand2; 108 poly = operand1+" ÷ "+operand2+ " = "; 109 break; 110 } 111 result = isInteger(operand1, operand2, operate); 112 key.add(String.valueOf(result)); 113 }else { 114 operate = opera.charAt(random.nextInt(2)); 115 operate1 = opera.charAt(random.nextInt(2)); 116 if(operate==‘+‘) { 117 operand1 = random.nextInt(100); 118 operand2 = random.nextInt(100-operand1); 119 if(operate1==‘+‘) { 120 operand3 = random.nextInt(100-operand1-operand2); 121 poly = operand1+" + "+operand2+" + "+operand3+" = "; 122 }else { 123 operand3 = random.nextInt(operand1+operand2); 124 poly = operand1+" + "+operand2+" - "+operand3+" = "; 125 } 126 }else { 127 operand1 = random.nextInt(100)+1; 128 operand2 = random.nextInt(operand1); 129 if(operate1==‘+‘) { 130 operand3 = random.nextInt(100-operand1+operand2); 131 poly = operand1+" - "+operand2+" + "+operand3+" = "; 132 }else { 133 operand3 = random.nextInt(operand1-operand2); 134 poly = operand1+" - "+operand2+" - "+operand3+" = "; 135 } 136 } 137 result = isInteger(operand1, operand2, operate); 138 result = isInteger(result, operand3, operate1); 139 key.add(String.valueOf(result)); 140 } 141 pro.add(poly); 142 return poly; 143 } 144 public static void End(String[]list){ 145 //int[]result = new int[3]; 146 end[0] = 0; 147 end[1] = 0; 148 end[2] = 0; 149 int len = list.length; 150 for(int i = 0;i<len;++i) { 151 if(key.get(i).equals(list[i]))end[0]++; 152 else { 153 if(list[i].equals(""))end[2]++; 154 else end[1]++; 155 } 156 } 157 return; 158 } 159 public static void main(String[]args) { 160 Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in); 161 System.out.print("输入题目数量:"); 162 int num = s.nextInt(); 163 String str = null; 164 for(int i = 1;i<=num;++i) { 165 str = GradeTwo.getPoly(); 166 System.out.println(str); 167 } 168 } 169 }
1 import CC.GradeTwo; 2 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; 3 import java.io.IOException; 4 import javax.servlet.ServletException; 5 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 6 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 7 8 9 10 public class GradeServlet extends HttpServlet{ 11 public void service(HttpServletRequest req,HttpServletResponse resp)throws ServletException,IOException{ 12 String method = req.getParameter("method"); 13 if(method.equals("end"))end(req,resp); 14 } 15 public void end(HttpServletRequest req,HttpServletResponse resp)throws ServletException,IOException{ 16 String[]keys = req.getParameterValues("list"); 17 //req.setAttribute("result",GradeTwo.end(keys)); 18 GradeTwo.End(keys); 19 for(int i = 0;i<keys.length;++i) 20 if(keys[i].equals(""))keys[i] = "未答"; 21 GradeTwo.solve(keys); 22 //req.setAttribute("result1",keys); 23 //req.getRequestDispatcher("").forward(req, resp); 24 resp.sendRedirect("../result.jsp"); 25 return; 26 } 27 }
1 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; 2 import java.io.IOException; 3 4 import javax.servlet.Filter; 5 import javax.servlet.FilterChain; 6 import javax.servlet.FilterConfig; 7 import javax.servlet.ServletException; 8 import javax.servlet.ServletRequest; 9 import javax.servlet.ServletResponse; 10 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 11 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 12 import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession; 13 14 public class KeyFilter implements Filter{ 15 protected FilterConfig filterConfig; 16 @Override 17 public void destroy() { 18 // TODO 自动生成的方法存根 19 filterConfig = null; 20 } 21 22 @Override 23 public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) 24 throws IOException, ServletException { 25 // TODO 自动生成的方法存根 26 HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest)request; 27 HttpServletResponse resp = (HttpServletResponse)response; 28 HttpSession session = req.getSession(); 29 String flag = (String)session.getAttribute("online"); 30 String reqURL = req.getServletPath(); 31 if(!reqURL.equals("/index.jsp")&&flag==null) { 32 resp.sendRedirect("index.jsp"); 33 return; 34 } 35 chain.doFilter(request,response); 36 } 37 38 @Override 39 public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException { 40 // TODO 自动生成的方法存根 41 this.filterConfig = filterConfig; 42 } 43 44 }
1 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> 2 <html> 3 <head> 4 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" 5 pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> 6 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> 7 <title>小学二年级算式计算</title> 8 <style type="text/css"> 9 body{ 10 font-family:微软雅黑; 11 background-repeat: no-repeat; 12 background-size:100%; 13 } 14 #t1{ 15 position:absolute; 16 width:400px; 17 height:260px; 18 left:0; 19 right:0; 20 top:0; 21 bottom:0; 22 margin:auto; 23 color:#FFFFFF; 24 background-color:#000000; 25 opacity:0.4; 26 box-shadow:0px 0px 10px #777777; 27 border-radius:10px 10px 10px 10px; 28 } 29 #t2{ 30 position:absolute; 31 width:400px; 32 height:25px; 33 top:15px; 34 font-size:25px; 35 } 36 #t3{ 37 position:absolute; 38 width:400px; 39 height:180px; 40 top:70px; 41 } 42 </style> 43 44 </head> 45 <script type="text/javascript"> 46 function check(form){ 47 str = form.num.value; 48 if(str==""){ 49 alert("题目数量不能为空!"); 50 return false; 51 } 52 for(i=0;i<str.length;++i) 53 if(str[i]<‘0‘||str[i]>‘9‘){ 54 alert("请输入合法的数字!"); 55 return false; 56 } 57 num = parseInt(str); 58 if(num<=0||num>60){ 59 alert("题目数量请固定在1到60之间"); 60 return false; 61 } 62 return true; 63 } 64 65 </script> 66 <div align="center"><%@ include file="./music.jsp" %></div> 67 <body background="timg.jpg"> 68 <div id = "t1"> 69 <div id="t2" align="center">小学二年级算式计算</div> 70 <div id="t3" align="center"> 71 <p align="center">本页仅供二年级的小同学测试使用,100以内加减乘除算式计算题,每道题限时8秒钟。</p> 72 <%session.setAttribute("online", "true"); %> 73 <form name="form1" action="proshow.jsp" method="post" onsubmit="return check(form1)"> 74 <p><label>输入题目数量:</label><label><input type="text" name="num"></label></p> 75 <p><label ><input type="submit" value="确定"></label></p> 76 </form> 77 </div> 78 </div> 79 80 </body> 81 </html>
1 <%@page import="CC.GradeTwo" %> 2 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> 6 <script type="text/javascript" src=JS/jquery.min.js charset=“GBK”></script> 7 <script type="text/javascript" src=JS/jrj6out.js charset=“GBK”></script> 8 <script type="text/javascript" src=JS/prefixfree.min.js charset=“GBK”></script> 9 <script type="text/javascript" src=JS/three.min.js charset=“GBK”></script> 10 <script type="text/javascript" src=JS/TweenMax.min.js charset=“GBK”></script> 11 12 <link href="CSS/style.css" rel="stylesheet"> 13 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" 14 pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> 15 <meta http-equiv="refresh" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> 16 <script type="text/javascript"> 17 var num = <%=request.getParameter("num")%> 18 var maxtime = 8*parseInt(num); 19 function CountDowm(){ 20 if(maxtime>=0){ 21 minutes = Math.floor(maxtime/60); 22 seconds = Math.floor(maxtime%60); 23 if(seconds>=10) 24 msg = "剩余时间:"+minutes+":"+seconds; 25 else 26 msg = "剩余时间:"+minutes+":0"+seconds; 27 document.all["timer"].innerHTML = msg; 28 --maxtime; 29 } 30 else{ 31 document.forms("form1").submit(); 32 } 33 } 34 timer = setInterval("CountDowm()",1000); 35 </script> 36 <style> 37 form{ 38 background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0); 39 } 40 .wrapper{ 41 display: absolute; 42 top:0; 43 right:0; 44 width:100%; 45 } 46 </style> 47 <title>小学二年级算式计算</title> 48 </head> 49 <% 50 String str = null; 51 int num = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("num")); 52 %> 53 <body> 54 55 <% 56 request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"); 57 %> 58 59 <div class="intro-container"> 60 <div style="overflow: auto"> 61 <jsp:include flush="true" page="inc.jsp"> 62 <jsp:param name="color" value="blue" /> 63 <jsp:param name="title" value="小学二年级" /> 64 <jsp:param name="body" value="数学口算题" /> 65 </jsp:include> 66 <%@ include file="./music.jsp" %> 67 <div id="timer"></div> 68 <form name="form1" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/Servlet/GradeServlet?method=end" target="_self" method="post"> 69 <table align="center" style="color:white"> 70 <tr><th colspan="3">共<%=num %>题,注意用时</th></tr> 71 <% GradeTwo.clear(); 72 for(int i = 1;i<=num;++i) { 73 str = GradeTwo.getPoly(); 74 75 %> 76 <tr><td>第<%=i %>题</td><td><%=str %></td><td><input type="text" name="list"></td></tr> 77 <% 78 } 79 %> 80 <tr><td colspan="3" align="center"><input type="submit" value="提交"></td></tr> 81 </table> 82 </form> 83 </div> 84 </div> 85 <script type="text/javascript" src=JS/index.js charset=“GBK”></script> 86 </body> 87 </html>
1 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> 2 <html> 3 <head> 4 <%@page import="CC.GradeTwo" %> 5 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" 6 pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> 7 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> 8 <script type="text/javascript" src=JS/jquery.min.js charset=“GBK”></script> 9 <script type="text/javascript" src=JS/jrj6out.js charset=“GBK”></script> 10 <script type="text/javascript" src=JS/prefixfree.min.js charset=“GBK”></script> 11 <script type="text/javascript" src=JS/three.min.js charset=“GBK”></script> 12 <script type="text/javascript" src=JS/TweenMax.min.js charset=“GBK”></script> 13 14 <link href="CSS/style.css" rel="stylesheet"> 15 <title>答案</title> 16 </head> 17 <body> 18 <div class="intro-container"> 19 <div style="overflow: auto"> 20 <%@ include file="./music.jsp" %> 21 <h3 align="center" style="color:red">答题结果</h3> 22 <% 23 int[]end = GradeTwo.end; 24 String str[] = GradeTwo.result1; 25 %> 26 27 <table align="center" border="1"> 28 <tr><th>答对:</th><td><%=end[0] %></td></tr> 29 <tr><th>答错:</th><td><%=end[1] %></td></tr> 30 <tr><th>未答:</th><td><%=end[2] %></td></tr> 31 </table><p> 32 <p align="center" style="color:red">答题情况</p> 33 <table align="center" border="1"> 34 <tr><td>题目</td><td>提交答案</td><td>正确答案</td></tr> 35 <% 36 String color = ""; 37 int num = GradeTwo.key.size(); 38 for(int i = 0;i<num;++i){ 39 if(GradeTwo.key.get(i).equals(str[i])){ 40 %> 41 <tr><td><%=GradeTwo.pro.get(i) %></td><td style="color:green"><%=str[i] %></td><td><%=GradeTwo.key.get(i) %></td></tr> 42 <%} 43 else{ 44 %> 45 <tr><td><%=GradeTwo.pro.get(i) %></td><td style="color:red"><%=str[i] %></td><td><%=GradeTwo.key.get(i) %></td></tr> 46 47 <% 48 } 49 } 50 %> 51 </table> 52 <div align="center"><input type="button" value="再来一次" onclick="window.location.href=‘<%=request.getContextPath()%>/index.jsp‘" /></div> 53 </div> 54 </div> 55 <script type="text/javascript" src=JS/index.js charset=“GBK”></script> 56 </body> 57 </html>
三、验证截图
