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1、说明
本文是紧接上一篇<自动化运维之CentOS7下PXE+Kickstart+DHCP+TFTP+HTTP无人值守安装系统>补充篇,或叫基于上篇相关技术之上构建的cobbler服务;因此省略了部分服务的安装配置;部署也是在之前的基础上进行的;
2、cobbler介绍
cobbler是基于pxe kickstart,tftp-server,httpd,dhcp等综合管理;基于python的包装与二次开发;管理多个(linux)系统安装环境（如通过CentOS7/centos6不同系统镜像(distro) 基于不同kickstart(profile) 安装出不同系统环境（system））,既可以通过命令去操作管理,也可以通过web管理(需要单独安装配置);

3、环境说明
环境基于上文中的测试环境即:
ip:172.16.3.152 (可上网)
内部测试ip(仅主机模式) 192.168.56.254
已经安装好的服务:DHCP,tftp-server,httpd,syslinux

二、安装cobbler服务

cobbler的安装需要基于EPEL扩展仓库因此需要先安装epel
[root@pxe ~]# yum install epel-release -y
1、安装cobbler

[root@pxe ~]# yum install cobbler cobbler-web pykickstart debmirror -y
安装好先启动cobblerd服务
[root@pxe ~]# systemctl start cobblerd
##检查配置信息
[root@pxe yum.repos.d]# cobbler check
httpd does not appear to be running and proxying cobbler, or SELinux is in the way. Original traceback:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cobbler/cli.py", line 251, in check_setup
    s.ping()
  File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/xmlrpclib.py", line 1233, in __call__
    return self.__send(self.__name, args)
  File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/xmlrpclib.py", line 1587, in __request
    verbose=self.__verbose
  File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/xmlrpclib.py", line 1273, in request
    return self.single_request(host, handler, request_body, verbose)
  File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/xmlrpclib.py", line 1321, in single_request
    response.msg,
ProtocolError: <ProtocolError for 127.0.0.1:80/cobbler_api: 404 Not Found>
解决方法:
御载pxe时的光盘挂载web目录
[root@pxe ~]# umount /var/www/html/centOS/7/x86_64
[root@pxe ~]# systemctl restart cobbler
#再次检查
[root@pxe ~]# cobbler check
The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:
1 : The ‘server‘ field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than localhost, or kickstarting features will not work.  This should be a resolvable hostname or IP for the boot server as reachable by all machines that will use it.
2 : For PXE to be functional, the ‘next_server‘ field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than 127.0.0.1, and should match the IP of the boot server on the PXE network.
3 : Some network boot-loaders are missing from /var/lib/cobbler/loaders, you may run ‘cobbler get-loaders‘ to download them, or, if you only want to handle x86/x86_64 netbooting, you may ensure that you have installed a *recent* version of the syslinux package installed and can ignore this message entirely.  Files in this directory, should you want to support all architectures, should include pxelinux.0, menu.c32, elilo.efi, and yaboot. The ‘cobbler get-loaders‘ command is the easiest way to resolve these requirements.
4 : enable and start rsyncd.service with systemctl
5 : comment out ‘dists‘ on /etc/debmirror.conf for proper debian support
6 : comment out ‘arches‘ on /etc/debmirror.conf for proper debian support
7 : The default password used by the sample templates for newly installed machines (default_password_crypted in /etc/cobbler/settings) is still set to ‘cobbler‘ and should be changed, try: "openssl passwd -1 -salt ‘random-phrase-here‘ ‘your-password-here‘" to generate new one
8 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them

Restart cobblerd and then run ‘cobbler sync‘ to apply changes.

此时会发现有很多警告提示信息;不要紧,咱接下来一一解决
2、配置cobbler
a,针对以上第一条解决如下:
需要修改settings中的 server修改为本地的对外ip地址,如下是本次测试修改地址;

[root@pxe ~]# egrep -v ‘(^$|^#)‘ |grep "server:" /etc/cobbler/settings
server: 192.168.56.254

b,第二条解决:
修改next_server 即提供tftp-server的地址,由于本机就提供tftp-server故修改如下:

[root@pxe ~]# egrep -v ‘(^$|^#)‘ |grep "next_server:" /etc/cobbler/settings
next_server: 192.168.56.254

c,第三条
如果当前节点可以访问互联网，执行“cobbler get-loaders”命令亦可；或安装syslinux程序包，再复制/usr/share/syslinux/{pxelinux.0,menu.c32}等文件至/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/目录中；由于本次已经安装好了syslinux,网速可能比较慢帮直接从syslinux中复制boot-loaders
[root@pxe ~]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/{pxelinux.0,menu.c32} /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/

d,第四条
添加rsyncd服务开机启动,如果没有安装此包请yum安装
[root@pxe ~]# systemctl enable rsyncd
e,第五条和第六条
修改配置文件/etc/debmirror.conf 注释第28 30行br/>#@dists="sid";
#@arches="i386";

[root@pxe ~ ]# openssl passwd -1 redhat
$1$YRGo5nnj$N99AHSP0wu5Y4Zhalrsqu/
大约在101行:
default_password_crypted: "$1$YRGo5nnj$N99AHSP0wu5Y4Zhalrsqu/"

[root@pxe ~ ]# systemctl restart cobblerd 
同步配置至cobbler
[root@pxe ~ ]# cobbler sync
再次检查
[root@pxe ~ ]# cobbler check
No configuration problems found.  All systems go.

[root@pxe ~ ]# mount /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom
[root@pxe ~ ]# cobbler import --name="CentOS-7_x86_64-1511" --path=/media/cdrom

[root@pxe~ ]# cobbler distro list
   CentOS-7-1511-x86_64
[root@pxe lpxe ~ ]# cobbler profile list
   CentOS-7-1511-x86_64

[root@pxe~ ]# cobbler profile rename --name=CentOS-7-1503-x86_64 --newname=CentOS7-7-1503-x86_64-minimal
[root@pxe~ ]# cobbler profile list
   CentOS7-7-1503-x86_64-minimal

[root@pxe~ ]# cp /var/www/html/ks/ks.cfg   /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/
修改ks中的url如下:
url --url=http://192.168.56.254/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7_x86_64-1511

#添加新的profile
[root@pxe kickstarts]# cobbler profile add --name=CentOS-7-x86_64-1503-server --distro=CentOS-7-1503-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/xx.cfg
#查看profile
[root@pxe kickstarts]# cobbler profile list
   CentOS-7-1511-x86_64-minimal
   CentOS-7-x86-1511-server
#重启与同步cobbler配置
[root@pxe kickstarts]# systemctl restart cobblerd
[root@pxe kickstarts]# cobbler sync

[root@pxe kickstarts]# cobbler import --name="CentOS-6_x86_64-7" --path=/media/cdrom
查看distro与profile
[root@pxe ~]# cobbler distro list
   CentOS-6-7-x86_64
   CentOS-7-1511-x86_64
[root@pxe ~]# cobbler profile list
   CentOS-6-7-x86_64
   CentOS-7-1511-x86_64-minimal
   CentOS-7-x86-1511-server
#同步配置文件
[root@pxe ~]# cobbler sync

自动化运维之cobbler安装多版本系统

标签：machines   二次   check   must   补充   解决方法   img   系统安装   turn   

原文地址：http://blog.51cto.com/dyc2005/2069103