RestFramework自定制之认证、权限、限制访问频率

from django.conf.urls import url, include
from app01.views import TestView

urlpatterns = [
    url(r‘^test/‘, TestView.as_view()),
]

from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.authentication import BaseAuthentication
from rest_framework.request import Request
from rest_framework import exceptions

######伪造的数据库中存有的token########
token_list = [
    ‘sfsfss123kuf3j123‘,
    ‘asijnfowerkkf9812‘,
]

######自定制的认证规则的类，必须继承BaseAuthentication#####
class TestAuthentication(BaseAuthentication):
    def authenticate(self, request):
        """
        用户认证，如果验证成功后返回元组： (用户,用户Token)
        :param request: 
        :return: 
            None,表示跳过该验证；
                如果跳过了所有认证，默认用户和Token和使用配置文件进行设置
                self._authenticator = None
                if api_settings.UNAUTHENTICATED_USER:
                    self.user = api_settings.UNAUTHENTICATED_USER()
                else:
                    self.user = None
        
                if api_settings.UNAUTHENTICATED_TOKEN:
                    self.auth = api_settings.UNAUTHENTICATED_TOKEN()
                else:
                    self.auth = None
            (user,token)表示验证通过并设置用户名和Token；
            AuthenticationFailed异常
        """
        val = request.query_params.get(‘token‘)
        if val not in token_list:
            raise exceptions.AuthenticationFailed("用户认证失败")

        return (‘登录用户‘, ‘用户token‘)

    def authenticate_header(self, request):
        """
        Return a string to be used as the value of the `WWW-Authenticate`
        header in a `401 Unauthenticated` response, or `None` if the
        authentication scheme should return `403 Permission Denied` responses.
        """
        # 验证失败时，返回的响应头WWW-Authenticate对应的值
        pass

#####视图函数，必须继承APIView#####
class TestView(APIView):
    authentication_classes = [TestAuthentication, ]#中括号中写入定义了认证规则的类
    permission_classes = []#这是权限规则，下文会进行详述

#只有通过了上述的规则，才能以下执行视图函数
    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        print(request.user)
        print(request.auth)
        return Response(‘GET请求，响应内容‘)

    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return Response(‘POST请求，响应内容‘)

    def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return Response(‘PUT请求，响应内容‘)

from django.conf.urls import url, include
from app01.views import TestView

urlpatterns = [
    url(r‘^test/‘, TestView.as_view()),
]

from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.authentication import BaseAuthentication
from rest_framework.request import Request
from rest_framework import exceptions


#####自定制认证规则的类#####
class TestAuthentication(BaseAuthentication):
    def authenticate(self, request):
        """
        用户认证，如果验证成功后返回元组： (用户,用户Token)
        :param request: 
        :return: 
            None,表示跳过该验证；
                如果跳过了所有认证，默认用户和Token和使用配置文件进行设置
                self._authenticator = None
                if api_settings.UNAUTHENTICATED_USER:
                    self.user = api_settings.UNAUTHENTICATED_USER()
                else:
                    self.user = None
        
                if api_settings.UNAUTHENTICATED_TOKEN:
                    self.auth = api_settings.UNAUTHENTICATED_TOKEN()
                else:
                    self.auth = None
            (user,token)表示验证通过并设置用户名和Token；
            AuthenticationFailed异常
        """
        import base64
        auth = request.META.get(‘HTTP_AUTHORIZATION‘, b‘‘)#获取请求头
        if auth:
            auth = auth.encode(‘utf-8‘)#将bytes类型编码成utf-8
        auth = auth.split()
        if not auth or auth[0].lower() != b‘basic‘:
            raise exceptions.AuthenticationFailed(‘验证失败‘)
        if len(auth) != 2:
            raise exceptions.AuthenticationFailed(‘验证失败‘)
        username, part, password = base64.b64decode(auth[1]).decode(‘utf-8‘).partition(‘:‘)
        if username == ‘Damon‘ and password == ‘123‘:
            return (‘登录用户‘, ‘用户token‘)
        else:
            raise exceptions.AuthenticationFailed(‘用户名或密码错误‘)

    def authenticate_header(self, request):
        """
        Return a string to be used as the value of the `WWW-Authenticate`
        header in a `401 Unauthenticated` response, or `None` if the
        authentication scheme should return `403 Permission Denied` responses.
        """
        return ‘Basic realm=api‘


class TestView(APIView):
    authentication_classes = [TestAuthentication, ]#中括号中放入自定制的类，可放入多个
    permission_classes = []

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        print(request.user)
        print(request.auth)
        return Response(‘GET请求，响应内容‘)

    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return Response(‘POST请求，响应内容‘)

    def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return Response(‘PUT请求，响应内容‘)