expect可以让我们实现自动登录远程机器,并且可以实现自动远程执行命令。当然若是使用不带密码的密钥验证同样可以实现自动登录和自动远程执行命令。但当不能使用密钥验证的时候,我们就没有办法了。所以,这时候只要知道对方机器的账号和密码就可以通过expect脚本实现登录和远程命令。
[root@garytao-01 mon]# yum install -y expect
[root@garytao-01 shell]# vi 1.expect
增加以下脚本内容:
#! /usr/bin/expect
set host "172.16.111.110" #远程登录IP
set passwd "123456" #远程登录密码
spawn ssh root@$host #登录语句
expect {
"yes/no" { send "yes\r"; exp_continue} #初次登录需要输入yes才能进入
"assword:" { send "$passwd\r" } #自动输入密码
}
interact #作用,表示要停留在远程机器了,不会退出来,如果不加就会退出来
#如果是expect eof 就会在机器上停留一两秒退出来
[root@garytao-01 shell]# chmod a+x 1.expect
[root@garytao-01 shell]# ./1.expect
spawn ssh root@172.16.111.110
The authenticity of host ‘172.16.111.110 (172.16.111.110)‘ can‘t be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is 09:6d:70:42:42:9a:12:69:51:9b:ad:e5:73:98:b9:c0.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added ‘172.16.111.110‘ (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@172.16.111.110‘s password:
Last login: Mon Feb 26 18:22:32 2018 from 172.16.111.100
[root@garytao-02 ~]# 登出
Connection to 172.16.111.110 closed.
[root@garytao-01 shell]#
[root@garytao-01 shell]# vi 2.expect
增加脚本如下内容:
#!/usr/bin/expect
set user "root"
set passwd 123456"
spawn ssh $user@172.16.111.110
expect {
"yes/no" { send "yes\r"; exp_continue}
"password:" { send "$passwd\r" }
}
expect "]*" ##表示图中括号里的,表示当检测到这个符号时就执行我们要执行的命令
send "touch /tmp/12.txt\r"
expect "]*"
send "echo 1212 > /tmp/12.txt\r"
expect "]*"
send "exit\r"
## 执行脚本
[root@garytao-01 shell]# ./2.expect
spawn ssh root@172.16.111.110
root@172.16.111.110‘s password:
Last login: Tue Feb 27 10:23:28 2018 from 172.16.111.100
[root@garytao-02 ~]# touch /tmp/12.txt
[root@garytao-02 ~]# echo 1212 > /tmp/12.txt
## 回车退出
[root@garytao-02 ~]# [root@garytao-01 shell]#
[root@garytao-01 shell]#
##重新执行自动登录脚本
[root@garytao-01 shell]# ./1.expect
spawn ssh root@172.16.111.110
root@172.16.111.110‘s password:
Last login: Tue Feb 27 10:34:42 2018 from 172.16.111.100
##查看远程创建的文件
[root@garytao-02 ~]# ls -l /tmp/12.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5 2月 27 10:34 /tmp/12.txt
##查看远程脚本创建的文件内容
[root@garytao-02 ~]# cat /tmp/12.txt
1212
[root@garytao-02 ~]#
[root@garytao-01 shell]# vi 3.expect
增加如下脚本内容:
#!/usr/bin/expect
set user [lindex $argv 0] #把第一个参数的值赋给user
set host [lindex $argv 1]
set passwd "123456"
set cm [lindex $argv 2]
spawn ssh $user@$host
expect {
"yes/no" { send "yes\r"}
"password:" { send "$passwd\r" }
}
expect "]*"
send "$cm\r"
set timeout -1 #-1表示永远不超时,1表示1秒,2表示2秒....,表示执行命令几秒后停止
expect "]*"
send "exit\r"
[root@garytao-01 shell]# chmod a+x 3.expect
[root@garytao-01 shell]# ./3.expect root 172.16.111.110 ls
spawn ssh root@172.16.111.110
root@172.16.111.110‘s password:
Last login: Tue Feb 27 10:39:46 2018 from 172.16.111.100
[root@garytao-02 ~]# ls
123.txt 1_heard.txt 1.txt aming anaconda-ks.cfg.1 shell zabbix-release-3.2-1.el7.noarch.rpm
123.txt~ 1_sorft.txt 2.txt aminglinux rsync yum.log
[root@garytao-02 ~]# [root@garytao-01 shell]# ./3.expect root 172.16.111.110 "ls;w;vmstat 1"
spawn ssh root@172.16.111.110
root@172.16.111.110‘s password:
Last login: Tue Feb 27 10:53:39 2018 from 172.16.111.100
[root@garytao-02 ~]# ls;w;vmstat 1
123.txt 1_heard.txt 1.txt aming anaconda-ks.cfg.1 shell zabbix-release-3.2-1.el7.noarch.rpm
123.txt~ 1_sorft.txt 2.txt aminglinux rsync yum.log
10:56:21 up 6 days, 9:04, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05
USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT
root pts/0 172.16.111.1 一18 16:31m 0.00s 0.00s -bash
root pts/1 172.16.111.100 10:56 0.00s 0.01s 0.01s w
procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ------cpu-----
r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st
2 0 0 204888 876 239148 0 0 0 1 46 14 0 0 100 0 0
0 0 0 204904 876 239164 0 0 0 21 55 116 0 0 100 0 0
0 0 0 204904 876 239164 0 0 0 0 55 113 0 0 100 0 0
0 0 0 204904 876 239164 0 0 0 0 56 112 0 0 100 0 0
0 0 0 204904 876 239164 0 0 0 0 56 111 0 0 100 0 0
0 0 0 204904 876 239164 0 0 0 0 58 110 0 0 100 0 0
分发系统介绍、expect脚本远程执行命令、expect脚本远程传递参数、expect脚本传递参数
原文地址:http://blog.51cto.com/taoxie/2073576