标签：linux
十三周五次课13.4MySQL用户管理
13.5常用sql语句
13.6MySQL数据库备份恢复
13.4MySQL用户管理
mysql用户管理目录概要
grant all on . to 'user1' identified by 'passwd';
grant SELECT,UPDATE,INSERT on db1.* to 'user2'@'192.168.133.1' identified by 'passwd';
grant all on db1.* to 'user3'@'%' identified by 'passwd';
show grants;
show grants for user2@192.168.133.1;
场景，为了安全，新建的站点，创建新的用户，或者给予使用已有账户，给予权限
grant all on . to 'user1' identified by 'passwd';
grant 表示 授权
all 表示所有权限，查看，创建，删除等等
on . to 'user1' identified by 'passwd';
若是登录到mysql中后，输错了字符，并按了回车键，直接输入分号 ; 就会推出， 回到mysql的命令行
退出mysql除了使用 quit 命令，还可以使用 exit 命令，还可以ctrl+d快捷键退出
1.登录到mysql
[root@tianqi-01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.35 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
2.创建普通用户user1，命令
命令grant all on . to 'user1'@'127.0.0.1' identified by '123456a';——>在输入命令的时候，千万要注意符号，一旦漏失了符号 ' '，那么后面就无法登录到user1的mysql
第一个 * 表示库名，可以写成mysql.* 那就表示对mysql所有的表
'user1'@'127.0.0.1' 指定用户@指定来源IP （指定用户可以写 % 就是通配，表示所有的IP）如果指定了来源IP，那么只能通过来源IP登录
符号*.* 表示所有库，所有表
identified by 'passwd' 指定user1的mysql密码
grant语句，是不会记录到命令历史中的因为不安全
mysql> grant all on *.* to 'user1'@'127.0.0.1' identified by '123456a';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
3.退出数据库，并尝试user1是否可以登录
[root@tianqi-01 ~]# mysql -uuser1 -p'123456a'
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'user1'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
[root@tianqi-01 ~]#
4.会看到登录失败，因为它默认的是sock，需要指定 -h 指定IP，会看到成功登录到user1的数据库
[root@tianqi-01 ~]# mysql -uuser1 -p123456a -h127.0.0.1
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.6.35 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@tianqi-01 ~]#
5.授权localhost，授权本地，用sock去连接
6.重新登录root，并输入localhost，创建成功后，并退出
grant all on . to 'user1'@'localhost' identified by '123456a';
[root@tianqi-01 ~]# mysql -uroot -paminglinux
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.6.35 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> grant all on *.* to 'user1'@'localhost' identified by '123456a';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@tianqi-01 ~]#
7.这时不加-h 也可以登录到user1了，因为现在授权就是针对localhost，localhost就是针对的sock
[root@tianqi-01 ~]# mysql -uuser1 -p123456a
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.6.35 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> exit
Bye
[root@tianqi-01 ~]#
8.退出数据库除了用 quit 命令，还可以用 exit 命令，还可以ctrl+d快捷键退出
grant SELECT,UPDATE,INSERT on db1.* to 'user2'@'192.168.133.1' identified by 'passwd';
针对SELECT,UPDATE,INSERT，针对 db1这个库所有的表给用户user2来源IP，并设定密码
grant all on db1.* to 'user3'@'%' identified by 'passwd';
针对所有的IP去授权
show grants; 查看所有的授权
在登录到某一用户下，show grants;会查看到当前用户的权限的
登录user1用户的mysql，去查看授权
[root@tianqi-01 ~]# mysql -uuser1 -p123456a
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.6.35 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show grants;
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for user1@localhost |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'user1'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*B012E8731FF1DF44F3D8B26837708985278C3CED' |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
show grants for user1@127.0.0.1; 指定用户去查看授权
登录root用户的mysql，然后查看user1用户的mysql的授权
[root@tianqi-01 ~]# mysql -uroot -paminglinux
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7
Server version: 5.6.35 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show grants for user1@'127.0.0.1';
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for user1@127.0.0.1 |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'user1'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*B012E8731FF1DF44F3D8B26837708985278C3CED' |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql>
show grants；看的是root
1.创建一个用户user2，并做一个授权
grant SELECT,UPDATE,INSERT on db1.* to 'user2'@'192.168.133.1' identified by 'passwd';
mysql> grant SELECT,UPDATE,INSERT on db1.* to 'user2'@'192.168.133.1' identified by 'passwd';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
mysql>
2.查看user2的授权
show grants for user2@'192.168.133.1';
mysql> show grants for user2@'192.168.133.1';
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for user2@192.168.133.1 |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'user2'@'192.168.133.1' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*59C70DA2F3E3A5BDF46B68F5C8B8F25762BCCEF0' |
| GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE ON `db1`.* TO 'user2'@'192.168.133.1' |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
3.有一种情况会用到它，比如说，给192.168.133.1做了授权了，但发现一个IP不够，还有一个192.168.133.2，也就是说user2用户不仅需要在192.168.133.1上登录，还需要在192.168.133.2上登录，这时候就需要把授权的命令全部在执行一遍
4.这时候就可以直接把GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'user2'@'192.168.133.1' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*59C70DA2F3E3A5BDF46B68F5C8B8F25762BCCEF0'复制一遍，将其中192.168.133.1改为192.168.133.2 并在语句结尾加上分号 ;
mysql> GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'user2'@'192.168.133.2' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*59C70DA2F3E3A5BDF46B68F5C8B8F25762BCCEF0';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
5.然后再将第二行复制GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE ON `db1`.* TO 'user2'@'192.168.133.1',把IP改为192.168.133.2，并加上分号 ;
mysql> GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE ON `db1`.* TO 'user2'@'192.168.133.2';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
6.这时候在来查看show grants查看192.168.133.2
mysql> show grants for user2@'192.168.133.2';
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for user2@192.168.133.2 |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'user2'@'192.168.133.2' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*59C70DA2F3E3A5BDF46B68F5C8B8F25762BCCEF0' |
| GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE ON `db1`.* TO 'user2'@'192.168.133.2' |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
7.show grants;会看到同样的密码，同样的用户，唯一改变的就是IP
8.在知道mysql的用户名，但不知道密码，也可以这样去授权
select count(*) from mysql.user;
select * from mysql.db;
select db from mysql.db;
select db,user from mysql.db;
select * from mysql.db where host like '192.168.%';
insert into db1.t1 values (1, 'abc');
update db1.t1 set name='aaa' where id=1;
truncate table db1.t1;
drop table db1.t1;
drop database db1;
增删改查，就是mysql和其他关系型数据库常用的select语句操作命令
1.首先登录root下的mysql
[root@tianqi-01 ~]# mysql -uroot -paminglinux
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.6.35 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
2.使用db1库
mysql> use db1
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql>
3.查看当前库的所有表show tables;
mysql> show tables;
+---------------+
| Tables_in_db1 |
+---------------+
| t1 |
+---------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
4.查看表的行数 select count(*) from mysql.user;
库和表中间有个分割符，就是用点 . 分割
mysql> select count(*) from mysql.user;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
| 10 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)
mysql>
就是说user表有10行内容
虽然已经进入了db1数据库，仍然可以查询mysql数据库的表
5.查看所有的内容 select * from mysql.db;（这样看起来会很乱） ——>可以在后面加上\G，如select * from mysql.db\G;
这里的 * 表示查看所有内容，但是不建议使用，因为这样很耗费资源和时间
mysql> select * from mysql.db\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Host: %
Db: test
User:
Select_priv: Y
Insert_priv: Y
Update_priv: Y
Delete_priv: Y
Create_priv: Y
Drop_priv: Y
Grant_priv: N
References_priv: Y
Index_priv: Y
Alter_priv: Y
Create_tmp_table_priv: Y
Lock_tables_priv: Y
Create_view_priv: Y
Show_view_priv: Y
Create_routine_priv: Y
Alter_routine_priv: N
Execute_priv: N
Event_priv: Y
Trigger_priv: Y
*************************** 2. row ***************************
//下面省略了很多
6.查看db库的所有内容 select db from mysql.db; 第一个db是字段
mysql> select db from mysql.db;
+---------+
| db |
+---------+
| test |
| test\_% |
| db1 |
| db1 |
+---------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
7.查db字段和user字段 select db,user from mysql.db;
mysql> select db,user from mysql.db;
+---------+-------+
| db | user |
+---------+-------+
| test | |
| test\_% | |
| db1 | user2 |
| db1 | user2 |
+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
8.模糊查询 select * from mysql.db where host like '192.168.%';
like 就是模糊匹配
mysql> select * from mysql.db where host like '192.168.%'\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Host: 192.168.133.1
Db: db1
User: user2
Select_priv: Y
Insert_priv: Y
Update_priv: Y
Delete_priv: N
Create_priv: N
Drop_priv: N
Grant_priv: N
References_priv: N
Index_priv: N
Alter_priv: N
Create_tmp_table_priv: N
Lock_tables_priv: N
Create_view_priv: N
Show_view_priv: N
Create_routine_priv: N
Alter_routine_priv: N
Execute_priv: N
Event_priv: N
Trigger_priv: N
*************************** 2. row ***************************
Host: 192.168.133.2
Db: db1
User: user2
Select_priv: Y
Insert_priv: Y
Update_priv: Y
Delete_priv: N
Create_priv: N
Drop_priv: N
Grant_priv: N
References_priv: N
Index_priv: N
Alter_priv: N
Create_tmp_table_priv: N
Lock_tables_priv: N
Create_view_priv: N
Show_view_priv: N
Create_routine_priv: N
Alter_routine_priv: N
Execute_priv: N
Event_priv: N
Trigger_priv: N
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
mysql>
1.查看创建的表
mysql> desc db1.t1;
+-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(4) | YES | | NULL | |
| name | char(40) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
2.查看db1.t1表的内容，会发现为空
mysql> select * from db1.t1;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
3.插入数据到 insert into db1.t1 values (1, 'abc');
插入1, 'abc'到db1.t1表
mysql> insert into db1.t1 value (1,'abc');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
4.再来查询db1.t1
mysql> select * from db1.t1;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | abc |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
5.这样就成功了插入了一条数据，在插入的时候 name 这个字段应该是是一个字符串，字符串需要加上一个单引号 ' ' ，数字可以不加单引号
mysql> insert into db1.t1 value (1,234);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from db1.t1;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | abc |
| 1 | 234 |
+------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into db1.t1 value (1,'234');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from db1.t1;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | abc |
| 1 | 234 |
| 1 | 234 |
+------+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
6.这里没有做限制，这里id和name都可以是相同的，同一个字段里有相同的数字，相同的值
7.也可以做一些限制，在插入相同的id的时候，就会冲突
更改db1.t1表 的字符串为name 的数据 和 字符串为id 的数据
update db1.t1 set name='aaa' where id=1;
mysql> update db1.t1 set name='aaa' where id=1;
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 3 Changed: 3 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from db1.t1;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | aaa |
| 1 | aaa |
| 1 | aaa |
+------+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> update db1.t1 set id=2 where name='aaa';
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 3 Changed: 3 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from db1.t1;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 2 | aaa |
| 2 | aaa |
| 2 | aaa |
+------+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
删除db1.t1表 的数据 和 字符串为id 的数据
delete from db1.t1 where id=1;
mysql> delete from db1.t1 where id=2;
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from db1.t1;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into db1.t1 values (1,'234');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from db1.t1;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | 234 |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
清空表数据 truncate table db1.t1;
即使表的数据清空了，但表的字段依旧存在的
mysql> truncate db1.t1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> select * from db1.t1;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc db1.t1;
+-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(4) | YES | | NULL | |
| name | char(40) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
truncate 只是清空的内容，而drop 会清空表的数据并清除表的框架
drop 会把表的框架也丢掉 drop table db1.t1;
mysql> drop table db1.t1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from db1.t1;
ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table 'db1.t1' doesn't exist //因为表的架构已经不存在了
mysql>
丢掉表 drop database db1;
在使用mysql的时候，少用 * 这样的操作，因为若是一个表里面的内容很多，select count(*)这样操作就会很耗时，浪费资源
数据库中常用引擎是myisam和innodb，默认mysql库里面都是使用的myisam引擎
use db1
show create table t1;
在select count(*)查看表的时候会很快
use mysql;
show create table user\G;
特点：myisam引擎，能自动去统计有多少行
特点：innodb引擎，不会自动统计行数，每次去查询，每次去统计行数，就会很耗时
所以select count(*)这种操作尽量减少，会耗费太多资源
备份库 mysqldump -uroot -p123456 mysql > /tmp/mysql.sql
恢复库 mysql -uroot -p123456 mysql < /tmp/mysql.sql
恢复是，必须保证目录一致
备份表 mysqldump -uroot -p123456 mysql user > /tmp/user.sql
恢复表 mysql -uroot -p123456 mysql < /tmp/user.sql
备份所有库 mysqldump -uroot -p -A >/tmp/123.sql
只备份表结构 mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -d mysql > /tmp/mysql.sql
1.在执行mysqldump -uroot -p123456 mysql的时候会看到很多信息，屏幕上显示的这些就是备份的数据
2.备份数据库
[root@tianqi-01 ~]# mysqldump -uroot -paminglinux mysql > /tmp/mysqlbak.sql
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@tianqi-01 ~]#
3.我们可以通过mysqlbak.sql来恢复数据库，还可以恢复到另外一个数据库里面去
4.创建一个新的库mysql2
[root@tianqi-01 ~]# mysql -uroot -paminglinux -e "create database mysql2"
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@tianqi-01 ~]#
5.恢复库
mysql -uroot -phanfeng mysql < /tmp/mysql.sql
[root@tianqi-01 ~]# mysql -uroot -paminglinux mysql2 < /tmp/mysqlbak.sql
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
6.进入到数据库里面，在后面加一个mysql2 就会进入到mysql2数据库里面
mysql -uroot -p'hanfeng' mysql2
[root@tianqi-01 ~]# mysql -uroot -paminglinux mysql2
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 5.6.35 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
7.查看数据库
mysql> select database();
+------------+
| database() |
+------------+
| mysql2 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show tables;
+---------------------------+
| Tables_in_mysql2 |
+---------------------------+
| columns_priv |
| db |
| event |
| func |
| general_log |
| help_category |
| help_keyword |
| help_relation |
| help_topic |
| innodb_index_stats |
| innodb_table_stats |
| ndb_binlog_index |
| plugin |
| proc |
| procs_priv |
| proxies_priv |
| servers |
| slave_master_info |
| slave_relay_log_info |
| slave_worker_info |
| slow_log |
| tables_priv |
| time_zone |
| time_zone_leap_second |
| time_zone_name |
| time_zone_transition |
| time_zone_transition_type |
| user |
+---------------------------+
28 rows in set (0.00 sec) //28行
mysql> use mysql //进入mysql数据库
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+---------------------------+
| Tables_in_mysql |
+---------------------------+
| columns_priv |
| db |
| event |
| func |
| general_log |
| help_category |
| help_keyword |
| help_relation |
| help_topic |
| innodb_index_stats |
| innodb_table_stats |
| ndb_binlog_index |
| plugin |
| proc |
| procs_priv |
| proxies_priv |
| servers |
| slave_master_info |
| slave_relay_log_info |
| slave_worker_info |
| slow_log |
| tables_priv |
| time_zone |
| time_zone_leap_second |
| time_zone_name |
| time_zone_transition |
| time_zone_transition_type |
| user |
+---------------------------+
28 rows in set (0.00 sec) //同样是28行
mysql>
针对库里面的某一个表去做备份，只需要在 库后面 加上 表名字 即可备份
先库 在表，中间是空格
备份表 mysqldump -uroot -pamignlinux mysql user > /tmp/user.sql
能看到备份的时候，库存在的话，先把库drop掉，然后创建库，表存在的话，先把表drop掉，然后创建表，然后在一步一步的插入每一行数据
[root@tianqi-01 ~]# mysql -uroot -paminglinux mysql user > /tmp/user.sql
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@tianqi-01 ~]# less /tmp/user.sql //查看备份表
恢复表的时候，只需要写库的名字，不需要去写表的名字
恢复表 mysql -uroot -paminglinux mysql2 < /tmp/user.sql
恢复mysql2库里面的表
[root@tianqi-01 ~]# mysql -uroot -paminglinux mysql2 < /tmp/user.sql
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
备份所有库 mysqldump -uroot -paminglinux -A >/tmp/123.sql
-A 表示all所有的意思
[root@tianqi-01 ~]# mysqldump -uroot -paminglinux -A > /tmp/mysql_all.sql
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@tianqi-01 ~]#
[root@tianqi-01 ~]# less /tmp/mysql_all.sql
搜索Current Database:，结果如下：
Current Database: `db1`
Current Database: `mysql`
Current Database: `mysql2`
Current Database: `test`
只备份表结构 mysqldump -uroot -paminglinux -d mysql > /tmp/mysql.sql
不需要表的数据，只需要表的语句
备份mysql2的表结构
[root@tianqi-01 ~]# mysqldump -uroot -paminglinux -d mysql2 > /tmp/mysql2.sql
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@tianqi-01 ~]# less /tmp/mysql2.sql
两个机器的库备份，一个库备份到另一台机器上
解决：
首先两台机器能够通信
然后mysqldump -h 远程mysql-ip -uuser-ppassword dbname > /本地backup.sql
这样即可备份
标签：linux
原文地址：http://blog.51cto.com/13184900/2090609
