Django基础3----Django的渲染方法

时间：2018-03-31 00:38:13 阅读：188 评论：0 收藏：0 [点我收藏+]

标签：mes url head 无法找到 eth var view cut password

HttpResponse,、render、render_to_response,、redirect

HTTPResponse:

httpresponse作为一个响应对象可以直接给网页返回结果：

如：

urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r‘^admin/‘, admin.site.urls),
    url(r‘show_name/‘, views.show_name),
    url(r‘time/‘, views.check_time),
]

views.py

from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse
import time



def check_time(request):

    cc = time.time()

    return HttpResponse(cc)

运行后在网页可以直接看到当前时间

render：参数如下

技术分享图片

eg：将时间变量通过render渲染到前端;

render和render_to_response

index.html

在前端中变量的使用语法参照jinja2：{{ variable }}

在前端需要渲染三个变量：name、times、request.method

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>djangotest</title>
    {% load staticfiles %}

</head>
<body>
<h2>hello  this is the first django project</h2>
<h1>hello:{{name}}时间:{{times}}{{ request.method }}</h1>
{#<script src="/static/jquery-3.1.1.js"></script>#}
<script src="{% static "jquery-3.1.1.js" %}"></script>

<script>
    $("h1").css("color","red")
</script>
</body>
</html>

views,py

from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse, render_to_response, redirect
import time
# Create your views here.


def clock_time(request):
    times = time.ctime()
    name = "mzc"
    print(request.path)
    print(request.get_full_path())  # 带有参数请求时 会打印完整url
    # return render(request, "index.html", {"time": times})
    # return render_to_response("index.html", {"time": times})
    return render_to_response("index.html", locals())  # 当局部变量很多时，使用locals()识别局部变量方便

结果：

技术分享图片

name、times、request.method 三个变量全部使用render方法渲染出来

其中render_to_response(template_name,context)

　　render(request, template_name, context)

这两种方法是相同的，差异无非是参数第一个不同，都是response对象。

redirect方法：

redirect(to.args, kwargs), redirect的使用就是一个重定向：如，当注册成功后跳转到登陆界面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Register</title>
    {% load staticfiles %}
</head>
<body>
<form action="{% url "reg" %}" method="post">
    <p>username:<input type="text" name="username"></p>
    <p>password:<input type="password" name="pwd"></p>
    <input type="submit" value="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Login</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="" method="get">
    <p>usernamelogin:<input type="text" name="username"></p>
    <p>passwordlogin:<input type="password" name="pwd"></p>
    <input type="submit" value="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>

views.py

from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse, render_to_response, redirect
import time
# Create your views here.



def register(request):
    # print(request.GET[‘username‘])
    # print(request.GET.get("pwd"))
    if request.method == "POST":

        print(request.POST.get("username"))
        print(request.POST.get("pwd"))

        username = request.POST.get("username")
        pwd = request.POST.get("pwd")

        if username == "mzc" and pwd == "1997":

            return redirect("/login/")  # 正确的写法-这种方式到url中寻找login 再走视图函数的逻辑代码
            # return render(request, "login.html") 错误写法 虽然可以找到login页面 但是url寻址是无法找到的
            # return render_to_response("login.html")  # 错误写法  无法正确寻址
        return HttpResponse("already")

    return render(request, "register.html")


def login_page(request):
    return render_to_response("login.html")